{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225725809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/20734735.0047-2026","title":"The digital health ecosystem in respiratory medicine: from traditional testing to real-world, artificial intelligence-powered monitoring and personalised care","display_name":"The digital health ecosystem in respiratory medicine: from traditional testing to real-world, artificial intelligence-powered monitoring and personalised care","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225725809","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/20734735.0047-2026","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/43011908","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13750359"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1183/20734735.0047-2026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/20734735.0047-2026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1183/20734735.0047-2026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129671167","display_name":"Breathe","issn_l":"1810-6838","issn":["1810-6838","2073-4735"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317833","host_organization_name":"European Respiratory Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317833"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Respiratory Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Breathe","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1183/20734735.0047-2026","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008008782","display_name":"Alessandra Angelucci","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8266-9346","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8266-9346"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandra Angelucci","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8266-9346","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085074218","display_name":"Andr\u00e9a Aliverti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-0231","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-0231"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Aliverti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085074218"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"4","first_page":"260047","last_page":"260047"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9639000296592712,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11196","display_name":"Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring","score":0.019300000742077827,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11446","display_name":"Mobile Health and mHealth Applications","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-health","display_name":"digital health","score":0.8029999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/respiratory-medicine","display_name":"respiratory medicine","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-function-assessment","display_name":"lung function assessment","score":0.7839999794960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-function-tests","display_name":"pulmonary function tests","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/home-monitoring","display_name":"home monitoring","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wearable-devices","display_name":"wearable devices","score":0.9549999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/portable-devices","display_name":"portable devices","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-world-monitoring","display_name":"real-world monitoring","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-biomarkers","display_name":"digital biomarkers","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"artificial intelligence","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"machine learning","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"deep learning","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-ai","display_name":"generative AI","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinician-ai-collaboration","display_name":"clinician-AI collaboration","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/individualized-care","display_name":"individualized care","score":0.8830000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.517300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.4551999866962433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780433410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276090","display_name":"Digital health","level":3,"score":0.44850000739097595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.44620001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3986000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75603125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1877462","display_name":"Pulmonary function testing","level":2,"score":0.3928000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.36820000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.35179999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.33640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177713679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679690","display_name":"Intensive care medicine","level":1,"score":0.30320000648498535},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018587741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung function","level":3,"score":0.2912999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.2865999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.28519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163498912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472287","display_name":"Respiratory physiology","level":3,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21333345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1519843","display_name":"Health technology","level":3,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175079658","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7312165","display_name":"Remote patient monitoring","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207267971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208","display_name":"Emerging technologies","level":2,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.2563000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24756922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757694","display_name":"Data quality","level":3,"score":0.2515000104904175}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1183/20734735.0047-2026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/20734735.0047-2026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1183/20734735.0047-2026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129671167","display_name":"Breathe","issn_l":"1810-6838","issn":["1810-6838","2073-4735"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317833","host_organization_name":"European Respiratory Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317833"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Respiratory Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Breathe","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:43011908","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/43011908","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Breathe (Sheffield, England)","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1183/20734735.0047-2026","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1183/20734735.0047-2026","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1183/20734735.0047-2026","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S129671167","display_name":"Breathe","issn_l":"1810-6838","issn":["1810-6838","2073-4735"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310317833","host_organization_name":"European Respiratory Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310317833"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["European Respiratory Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Breathe","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060404019","https://openalex.org/W2097721391","https://openalex.org/W2145136340","https://openalex.org/W2419527455","https://openalex.org/W2443322392","https://openalex.org/W2612940703","https://openalex.org/W2738559487","https://openalex.org/W2913204420","https://openalex.org/W2952498881","https://openalex.org/W3016443966","https://openalex.org/W3045553180","https://openalex.org/W3049239500","https://openalex.org/W3131624026","https://openalex.org/W3136552952","https://openalex.org/W3136960503","https://openalex.org/W3200444947","https://openalex.org/W4280589137","https://openalex.org/W4312218770","https://openalex.org/W4366597940","https://openalex.org/W4385423675","https://openalex.org/W4386492322","https://openalex.org/W4388656896","https://openalex.org/W4388675353","https://openalex.org/W4389126192","https://openalex.org/W4392731365","https://openalex.org/W4402994940","https://openalex.org/W4406194829","https://openalex.org/W4406809550","https://openalex.org/W4408117213","https://openalex.org/W4408403703","https://openalex.org/W4410193880","https://openalex.org/W4410376110","https://openalex.org/W4410400175","https://openalex.org/W4413055007","https://openalex.org/W4413112873","https://openalex.org/W4416008635","https://openalex.org/W4416307748","https://openalex.org/W4416600117","https://openalex.org/W7136776582","https://openalex.org/W7152103366"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416307748","https://openalex.org/W7131213753","https://openalex.org/W2959952399","https://openalex.org/W2957695728","https://openalex.org/W4386333922","https://openalex.org/W4404778121","https://openalex.org/W4377101366","https://openalex.org/W7137338254","https://openalex.org/W4413177228","https://openalex.org/W7156848263"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lung":[0],"function":[1,97,129,158],"evaluation":[2,159],"is":[3,74],"rapidly":[4],"evolving":[5],"beyond":[6],"laboratory":[7],"testing.":[8],"While":[9],"conventional":[10],"tests":[11],"remain":[12],"the":[13,138,151,164],"clinical":[14,67],"reference":[15],"standard,":[16],"digital":[17,48],"health":[18,52],"technologies":[19,153],"now":[20],"enable":[21],"respiratory":[22,51,107,172],"assessment":[23],"at":[24],"home":[25],"and":[26,35,47,53,66,84,93,124,162,166,175],"in":[27,58,121,160,171],"real-world":[28],"settings":[29],"through":[30],"home-based":[31],"systems,":[32],"portable":[33],"devices,":[34],"wearables.":[36],"These":[37],"tools":[38],"can":[39,87],"support":[40,88],"repeated":[41],"or":[42],"continuous":[43],"monitoring":[44],"of":[45,50,63,95,169],"traditional":[46],"biomarkers":[49],"disease.":[54],"However,":[55],"they":[56],"differ":[57],"physiological":[59],"detail,":[60],"usability,":[61],"degree":[62],"patient":[64,122],"involvement":[65],"maturity.":[68],"In":[69],"parallel,":[70],"artificial":[71],"intelligence":[72],"(AI)":[73],"becoming":[75],"an":[76],"important":[77],"complement":[78],"to":[79],"these":[80],"technologies.":[81],"Machine":[82],"learning":[83,86],"deep":[85],"signal":[89],"processing,":[90],"quality":[91],"control":[92],"interpretation":[94,174],"pulmonary":[96,128],"tests,":[98],"while":[99],"also":[100],"extracting":[101],"clinically":[102],"relevant":[103],"information":[104],"from":[105],"multimodal":[106],"data":[108],"collected":[109],"outside":[110],"controlled":[111],"environments.":[112],"Generative":[113],"AI":[114,170],"has":[115],"a":[116],"more":[117],"emerging":[118],"role,":[119],"mainly":[120],"communication":[123],"educational":[125],"support.":[126],"For":[127],"test":[130],"interpretation,":[131],"current":[132,165],"evidence":[133],"supports":[134],"clinician-AI":[135],"collaboration":[136],"as":[137],"most":[139],"realistic":[140],"near-term":[141],"model,":[142],"rather":[143],"than":[144],"fully":[145],"autonomous":[146],"decision-making.":[147],"This":[148],"review":[149],"summarises":[150],"main":[152],"currently":[154],"available":[155],"for":[156],"lung":[157],"adults":[161],"discusses":[163],"future":[167],"role":[168],"monitoring,":[173],"personalised":[176],"care.":[177]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}
