{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225695765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24121545","title":"Refill Twice, Then Replace: Cartridge Yield Decay, Print Quality and the Economic Life of a Remanufactured Toner Cartridge","display_name":"Refill Twice, Then Replace: Cartridge Yield Decay, Print Quality and the Economic Life of a Remanufactured Toner Cartridge","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225695765","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24121545"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24121545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24121545","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24121545","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24121545","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159396451","display_name":"William Alexander Aldred","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aldred, William Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1215-577X","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159396451"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10539","display_name":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10539","display_name":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13706","display_name":"Management and Optimization Techniques","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34381374","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37144","display_name":"Cartridge","level":2,"score":0.8263999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6158000230789185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5493000149726868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5461999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5435000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778689934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1313396","display_name":"Headline","level":2,"score":0.5044999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.460999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45374587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12525525","display_name":"Computation","level":2,"score":0.4456999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.39430001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3928000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206139338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355","display_name":"Raw material","level":2,"score":0.37700000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.3617999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.351500004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3118000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780015409","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243460","display_name":"Income statement","level":3,"score":0.3111000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6927289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1100466","display_name":"Present value","level":2,"score":0.3009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333508","display_name":"Economic impact analysis","level":2,"score":0.29820001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.2854999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.27950000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127454912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942582","display_name":"Cost\u2013benefit analysis","level":2,"score":0.27799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90673727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901718","display_name":"Product (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.275299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182299520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289588","display_name":"Total cost","level":2,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77595967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3151013","display_name":"Forensic engineering","level":1,"score":0.25699999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777026412","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2684591","display_name":"Statement (logic)","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54750564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26643","display_name":"Commerce","level":1,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24121545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24121545","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24121545","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24121546","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24121546","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24121546","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24121545","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24121545","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24121545","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"addresses":[2],"a":[3,8,15,20,24,40,54,116,160,186,200,217],"practical":[4,154],"question":[5],"in":[6],"remanufacturing:":[7],"laser":[9],"printer":[10],"cartridge":[11],"is":[12,84,91,98,105,110,121,134,159,210,220,228],"sold":[13],"as":[14],"consumable":[16],"and":[17,27,59,70,130,185],"built":[18],"like":[19],"small":[21,55],"machine,":[22],"with":[23,150,175,230],"drum,":[25],"blades":[26],"seals":[28],"that":[29,78,142,162,199,208,216,234,242],"wear":[30],"at":[31,63,166],"different":[32],"rates":[33],"from":[34,43,115,136,179],"the":[35,46,49,52,61,65,119,137,157,167,176,181,189,196,222,225,240],"toner":[36],"it":[37,149,193,214],"contains.":[38],"Using":[39],"self-contained":[41],"computation":[42,139,197],"stated":[44,211,229],"assumptions,":[45],"study":[47],"evaluates":[48],"options":[50],"across":[51],"range":[53],"operation":[56],"ordinarily":[57],"meets":[58],"identifies":[60],"point":[62,168],"which":[64,180,192],"balance":[66],"of":[67,156,169,188,224],"cost,":[68],"quality":[69],"material":[71],"use":[72],"changes.":[73],"The":[74,153],"headline":[75],"findings":[76],"are":[77,243],"cost":[79,86,93,100],"per":[80,87,94,101],"100":[81,88,95,102],"new":[82],"usd":[83,90,97,104],"2.14;":[85],"refill1":[89],"0.63;":[92],"refill3":[96],"0.92;":[99],"refill5":[103,107],"1.5;":[106],"spoil":[108],"pct":[109],"31.9.":[111],"These":[112],"figures":[113],"come":[114],"simulation":[117],"study:":[118],"work":[120,170],"SIMULATED,":[122],"NOT":[123],"MEASURED,":[124],"no":[125],"physical":[126],"trials":[127],"were":[128],"performed,":[129],"every":[131],"number":[132],"reported":[133],"taken":[135],"deposited":[138],"output":[140],"so":[141,233],"any":[143],"reader":[144],"can":[145,163,236],"reproduce":[146],"or":[147,206],"refute":[148],"local":[151],"values.":[152],"value":[155],"result":[158],"rule":[161,182],"be":[164,237],"applied":[165],"without":[171],"further":[172],"calculation,":[173],"together":[174],"tabulated":[177],"cases":[178],"was":[183],"derived":[184],"statement":[187],"assumptions":[190],"on":[191],"depends.":[194],"Where":[195],"shows":[198,215],"widely":[201],"used":[202],"practice":[203],"wastes":[204],"money":[205],"material,":[207],"finding":[209],"directly;":[212],"where":[213],"popular":[218],"economy":[219],"genuine,":[221],"size":[223],"genuine":[226],"saving":[227],"equal":[231],"directness,":[232],"effort":[235],"directed":[238],"to":[239],"economies":[241],"worth":[244],"having.":[245]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-11T00:00:00"}