{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225655263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24075420","title":"Stochastic black hole growth tracks stellar mass in ultramassive galaxies \u2014 E8 Intelligence Research","display_name":"Stochastic black hole growth tracks stellar mass in ultramassive galaxies \u2014 E8 Intelligence Research","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225655263","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24075420"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24075420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24075420","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24075420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24075420","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136862907","display_name":"Andrew Stewart Caldin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Caldin, Andrew Stewart","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent Researcher, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent Researcher, United Kingdom","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5136862907"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10026","display_name":"Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10744","display_name":"Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10039","display_name":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supermassive-black-holes","display_name":"supermassive black holes","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/m-sigma-relation","display_name":"M-sigma relation","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stellar-velocity-dispersion","display_name":"stellar velocity dispersion","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stellar-mass","display_name":"stellar mass","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/black-hole-growth","display_name":"black hole growth","score":0.7900000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dry-mergers","display_name":"dry mergers","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/galaxy-spheroids","display_name":"galaxy spheroids","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/central-black-holes","display_name":"central black holes","score":0.515999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/james-webb-space-telescope","display_name":"James Webb Space Telescope","score":0.8299999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.8295999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.7523999810218811},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173120059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40392","display_name":"Supermassive black hole","level":3,"score":0.7069000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98444146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q318","display_name":"Galaxy","level":2,"score":0.6827999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10767094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q854155","display_name":"Bulge","level":3,"score":0.5138999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127529279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637450","display_name":"Velocity dispersion","level":3,"score":0.4993000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168589115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3079618","display_name":"Stellar mass","level":4,"score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12287442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105902","display_name":"Luminosity","level":3,"score":0.4731999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.4309000074863434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50341732","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q880302","display_name":"Black hole (networking)","level":5,"score":0.4214000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174802034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1995140","display_name":"Galaxy formation and evolution","level":3,"score":0.3788999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91228026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048103","display_name":"Surface brightness","level":3,"score":0.3752000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522977591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q201953","display_name":"Spitzer Space Telescope","level":3,"score":0.3418999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25343380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q277521","display_name":"Relation (database)","level":2,"score":0.2867000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125857072","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16744","display_name":"Star formation","level":3,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26405456","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q338","display_name":"Cosmology","level":2,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125245961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221656","display_name":"Brightness","level":2,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110472602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6472","display_name":"Stellar evolution","level":3,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C135041427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83373","display_name":"Quasar","level":3,"score":0.25270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32602459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4913879","display_name":"Binary black hole","level":3,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24075420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24075420","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24075420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24075421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24075421","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24075421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24075420","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24075420","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24075420","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7213950564","https://openalex.org/W7213988545","https://openalex.org/W3110764168","https://openalex.org/W7129266290","https://openalex.org/W2135894620","https://openalex.org/W4405730024","https://openalex.org/W4417086469","https://openalex.org/W7115714245","https://openalex.org/W3197762349","https://openalex.org/W4416670618"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Over":[0],"the":[1,22,67,95,106,138,142,158],"past":[2],"three":[3],"decades,":[4],"it":[5],"has":[6],"been":[7],"established":[8],"that":[9,65],"galaxy":[10,62],"spheroids":[11],"contain":[12],"supermassive":[13],"black":[14],"holes":[15],"(BHs)":[16],"whose":[17,71],"masses":[18],"correlate":[19],"tightly":[20],"with":[21,49],"properties":[23],"of":[24,31,61,86,114,126,132,157],"their":[25],"host":[26],"galaxies.":[27,116,135],"The":[28],"most":[29,68],"predictive":[30],"these":[32],"correlations":[33],"is":[34],"between":[35],"BH":[36,87],"mass":[37,54,88],"and":[38,109],"stellar":[39,53],"velocity":[40],"dispersion":[41],"(the":[42,55],"$M_{\\rm":[43,56,96,143],"BH}-\u03c3$":[44,97,144],"relation),":[45],"alongside":[46],"a":[47,83,130],"relation":[48,98,145],"bulge":[50],"luminosity":[51],"or":[52],"BH}-M_\\star$":[57],"relation).":[58],"Theoretical":[59],"models":[60],"evolution":[63],"predict":[64],"for":[66],"massive":[69],"galaxies,":[70],"late-time":[72],"growth":[73],"proceeds":[74],"mainly":[75],"via":[76],"gas-poor":[77],"`dry'":[78],"mergers,":[79],"$M_\\star$":[80],"should":[81],"become":[82],"better":[84],"predictor":[85],"than":[89],"$\u03c3$.":[90],"However,":[91],"genuine":[92],"deviations":[93,140],"from":[94,141],"have":[99],"remained":[100],"difficult":[101],"to":[102,105],"observe":[103],"due":[104],"extreme":[107],"rarity":[108],"low":[110],"central":[111,127],"surface":[112],"brightness":[113],"such":[115],"Here":[117],"we":[118],"report":[119],"James":[120],"Webb":[121],"Space":[122],"Telescope":[123],"(JWST)":[124],"measurements":[125],"BHs":[128],"in":[129],"sample":[131],"eight":[133],"ultramassive":[134],"We":[136],"find":[137],"largest":[139],"ever":[146],"reported,":[147],"wi":[148],"Author:":[149],"Andrew":[150],"Stewart":[151],"Caldin,":[152],"Independent":[153],"Researcher,":[154],"UK.":[155],"Part":[156],"E8":[159],"Intelligence":[160],"Research":[161],"series.":[162],"Platform:":[163],"e8intelligence.com":[164]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}
