{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225654690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jmcee7.mteng-23943","title":"Initial Water Content and Total Suction Effect on the Swelling Behavior of Lime-Stabilized Expansive Soil","display_name":"Initial Water Content and Total Suction Effect on the Swelling Behavior of Lime-Stabilized Expansive Soil","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225654690","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jmcee7.mteng-23943"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1061/jmcee7.mteng-23943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jmcee7.mteng-23943","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jmcee7.mteng-23943","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111427844","display_name":"Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering","issn_l":"0899-1561","issn":["0899-1561","1943-5533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083955255","display_name":"Carina Silvani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4472-7431","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4472-7431"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41455075","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande","ror":"https://ror.org/00eftnx64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carina Silvani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Campina Grande"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4472-7431","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105000497","display_name":"Vitor Braga de Azevedo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6553-5960","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6553-5960"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41455075","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande","ror":"https://ror.org/00eftnx64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vitor Braga de Azevedo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Campina Grande"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6553-5960","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089187052","display_name":"Alisson do Nascimento Lima","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5653-1607","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5653-1607"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41455075","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande","ror":"https://ror.org/00eftnx64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alisson do Nascimento Lima","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Campina Grande"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5653-1607","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091485820","display_name":"Jucimara Cardoso da Silva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8815-7085","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8815-7085"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41455075","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande","ror":"https://ror.org/00eftnx64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jucimara Cardoso da Silva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Campina Grande"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8815-7085","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022982016","display_name":"Ana Maria Gon\u00e7alves Duarte Mendon\u00e7a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4595-2959","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4595-2959"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41455075","display_name":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande","ror":"https://ror.org/00eftnx64","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ana Maria Gon\u00e7alves Duarte Mendon\u00e7a","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal de Campina Grande"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4595-2959","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal de Campina Grande","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41455075"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"39","issue":"3","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.47749999165534973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.47749999165534973,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10716","display_name":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","score":0.3197999894618988,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13236","display_name":"Geotechnical and construction materials studies","score":0.17790000140666962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lime-stabilization","display_name":"lime stabilization","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expansive-soil","display_name":"expansive soil","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swelling-behavior","display_name":"swelling behavior","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/initial-moisture-content","display_name":"initial moisture content","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/total-suction","display_name":"total suction","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/swelling-pressure","display_name":"swelling pressure","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lime-dosage","display_name":"lime dosage","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsaturated-soil","display_name":"unsaturated soil","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clay-mineral-hydration","display_name":"clay mineral hydration","score":0.7300000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778540859","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q152234","display_name":"Swelling","level":2,"score":0.8698999881744385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1121360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1626102","display_name":"Expansive clay","level":3,"score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778218555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q250423","display_name":"Lime","level":2,"score":0.7203999757766724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23795335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790295","display_name":"Suction","level":2,"score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.7142000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24939127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373499","display_name":"Water content","level":2,"score":0.6115999817848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.4821999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020601295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36133","display_name":"Clay soil","level":3,"score":0.40059998631477356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.3280999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150394285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180254","display_name":"Adsorption","level":2,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780502288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28838156","display_name":"Expansive","level":3,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132976073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991861","display_name":"Curing (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.31150001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.30219998955726624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169222746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116558","display_name":"Factorial experiment","level":2,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207821765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q405372","display_name":"Instability","level":2,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778769901","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194290","display_name":"Dehydration","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40212044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1799034","display_name":"Clay minerals","level":2,"score":0.25679999589920044}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1061/jmcee7.mteng-23943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jmcee7.mteng-23943","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1061/jmcee7.mteng-23943","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S111427844","display_name":"Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering","issn_l":"0899-1561","issn":["0899-1561","1943-5533"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315747","host_organization_name":"American Society of Civil Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315747"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Civil Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1604201662","https://openalex.org/W1964888215","https://openalex.org/W1968421505","https://openalex.org/W1969734527","https://openalex.org/W1985450047","https://openalex.org/W1990602177","https://openalex.org/W2008599249","https://openalex.org/W2008695365","https://openalex.org/W2029239590","https://openalex.org/W2039225658","https://openalex.org/W2043321308","https://openalex.org/W2063041837","https://openalex.org/W2088391830","https://openalex.org/W2092290288","https://openalex.org/W2101943964","https://openalex.org/W2104606011","https://openalex.org/W2125113192","https://openalex.org/W2134196708","https://openalex.org/W2181365885","https://openalex.org/W2315674379","https://openalex.org/W2323879774","https://openalex.org/W2343216098","https://openalex.org/W2480734811","https://openalex.org/W2563934689","https://openalex.org/W2598204170","https://openalex.org/W2611161545","https://openalex.org/W2736086593","https://openalex.org/W2760906329","https://openalex.org/W2783778371","https://openalex.org/W2808484496","https://openalex.org/W2889861829","https://openalex.org/W2902936859","https://openalex.org/W2949720917","https://openalex.org/W2964974984","https://openalex.org/W3013743409","https://openalex.org/W3036703139","https://openalex.org/W3049343908","https://openalex.org/W3084998137","https://openalex.org/W3117645267","https://openalex.org/W3129379864","https://openalex.org/W3135923957","https://openalex.org/W3158318967","https://openalex.org/W3175743942","https://openalex.org/W3202112629","https://openalex.org/W3209170518","https://openalex.org/W4211141848","https://openalex.org/W4223558908","https://openalex.org/W4289108918","https://openalex.org/W4294120845","https://openalex.org/W4366524427","https://openalex.org/W4385541222","https://openalex.org/W4386422102","https://openalex.org/W4392457125","https://openalex.org/W4394877641","https://openalex.org/W4400722688","https://openalex.org/W4404723439","https://openalex.org/W4407921672","https://openalex.org/W4411188685","https://openalex.org/W4413422016","https://openalex.org/W4416864791"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4413422016","https://openalex.org/W3198657964","https://openalex.org/W2791015272","https://openalex.org/W3036703139","https://openalex.org/W2207767879","https://openalex.org/W7071716229","https://openalex.org/W2518847204","https://openalex.org/W2073434470","https://openalex.org/W2809383568","https://openalex.org/W2889092695"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Swelling":[1],"soils":[2,48,330],"pose":[3],"significant":[4,216],"geotechnical":[5],"challenges":[6],"due":[7],"to":[8,22,30,50],"their":[9,52],"volumetric":[10],"instability":[11],"during":[12],"seasonal":[13],"variations":[14],"in":[15],"water":[16,58,78,176,196],"content,":[17],"which":[18],"can":[19],"cause":[20],"damage":[21],"overlying":[23],"structures.":[24],"Lime":[25],"stabilization":[26],"is":[27,39],"widely":[28],"employed":[29],"mitigate":[31],"this;":[32],"however,":[33],"a":[34,102,133,184,215,243,258,311],"rationalized":[35],"dosage":[36,245],"for":[37,98,247,316],"lime":[38,85,168],"still":[40],"required.":[41],"The":[42,189,229,252],"initial":[43,57,66,73,122,175,195,207],"unsaturated":[44],"condition":[45],"of":[46,68,109,121,132,138,156,170,178,201,206,231,254,277,298,320,329],"swelling":[47,100,130,141,219,261,269,327],"tends":[49],"govern":[51],"expansive":[53],"properties,":[54,101],"with":[55,332],"the":[56,65,72,76,82,107,119,129,194,199,224,232,275,318],"content":[59,86,197],"(":[60,88,209,235,263,270],"w":[61,110,123,249,321],"i":[62,92,111,124,237,250,322],")":[63,94,213,239,266],"dictating":[64],"hydration":[67],"clay":[69],"minerals":[70],"and":[71,125,143,160,173,181,267,284,301,313,323],"suction":[74,127,145,208,325],"influencing":[75],"soil\u2019s":[77],"adsorption":[79],"affinity.":[80],"Although":[81],"adjusted":[83],"porosity/volumetric":[84],"index":[87,241],"\u03b7":[89,233],"/":[90,163,234],"L":[91,236],"v":[93,238],"has":[95],"proven":[96],"effective":[97],"describing":[99],"knowledge":[103],"gap":[104],"persists":[105],"regarding":[106],"influence":[108,120,319],"on":[112,128,149,218,281,326],"this":[113,116,222,308],"dosage.":[114],"Thus,":[115],"study":[117],"investigates":[118],"total":[126,144,324],"behavior":[131],"lime-stabilized":[134],"soil.":[135],"A":[136],"series":[137],"vertical":[139,268],"swell,":[140],"pressure,":[142],"tests":[146],"were":[147,293],"performed":[148],"samples":[150],"compacted":[151],"at":[152],"dry":[153],"unit":[154],"weights":[155],"13.5,":[157],"14.5,":[158],"15.5,":[159],"16.5":[161],"kN":[162],"m":[164],"3":[165],",":[166],"hydrated":[167,333],"contents":[169,177],"2%,":[171],"3%,":[172],"4%,":[174],"16%,":[179],"19.5%,":[180],"23%,":[182],"following":[183],"full":[185],"factorial":[186],"design":[187],"approach.":[188],"results":[190],"showed":[191],"that":[192],"increasing":[193],"reduces":[198],"magnitude":[200],"soil":[202],"swelling.":[203],"Lower":[204],"values":[205],"<":[210],"5,500":[211],"kPa":[212],"have":[214],"effect":[217,225],"properties;":[220],"beyond":[221],"threshold,":[223],"becomes":[226],"less":[227],"pronounced.":[228],"application":[230],"\u03b1":[240],"revealed":[242],"separate":[244],"curve":[246],"each":[248],"value.":[251],"normalization":[253],"these":[255],"curves":[256],"yields":[257],"relationship":[259],"between":[260],"pressure":[262],"P":[264,278],"S":[265,272,279,283],"\u03b5":[271,282],"),":[273],"enabling":[274],"prediction":[276],"based":[280],"vice":[285],"versa,":[286],"thereby":[287],"minimizing":[288],"laboratory":[289],"labor.":[290],"These":[291],"observations":[292],"corroborated":[294],"by":[295],"an":[296],"analysis":[297],"variance":[299],"(ANOVA)":[300],"scanning":[302],"electron":[303],"microscopy":[304],"analyses.":[305],"In":[306],"summary,":[307],"work":[309],"presents":[310],"rational":[312],"practical":[314],"framework":[315],"assessing":[317],"properties":[328],"stabilized":[331],"lime.":[334]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}
