{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225649928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.06.764910","title":"Genomes of Solenogastres Shed Light on Ancestral Molluscan Biomineralization Genes","display_name":"Genomes of Solenogastres Shed Light on Ancestral Molluscan Biomineralization Genes","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225649928","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.06.764910"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.11.06.764910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.06.764910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.06.764910","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/11/09/2026.11.06.764910.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/11/09/2026.11.06.764910.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027635646","display_name":"Meghan K. Yap-Chiongco","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4586-9212","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4586-9212"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meghan Yap-Chiongco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kobenhavns Universitet, Denmark;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kobenhavns Universitet, Denmark;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027764818","display_name":"Kevin M. Kocot","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8673-2688","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8673-2688"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17301866","display_name":"University of Alabama","ror":"https://ror.org/03xrrjk67","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kevin M. Kocot","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Alabama, United States"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Alabama, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5027764818"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17301866"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11278","display_name":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","score":0.8003000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11278","display_name":"Calcium Carbonate Crystallization and Inhibition","score":0.8003000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10015","display_name":"Genomics and Phylogenetic Studies","score":0.07199999690055847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12596","display_name":"Cephalopods and Marine Biology","score":0.020899999886751175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solenogastres","display_name":"Solenogastres","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aplacophora","display_name":"Aplacophora","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sclerites","display_name":"sclerites","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-family-evolution","display_name":"gene family evolution","score":0.6209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gene-family-expansion-and-contraction","display_name":"gene family expansion and contraction","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chitin-binding-protein","display_name":"chitin-binding protein","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-type-lectin","display_name":"C-type lectin","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genome-assembly","display_name":"genome assembly","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molluscan-phylogeny","display_name":"molluscan phylogeny","score":0.7129999995231628}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183586093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q610457","display_name":"Biomineralization","level":2,"score":0.7964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7523000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141231307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7020","display_name":"Genome","level":3,"score":0.7297999858856201},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.6378999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.590399980545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167891091","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q962872","display_name":"Synapomorphy","level":5,"score":0.5314000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66582369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567633","display_name":"Sister group","level":5,"score":0.5181999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71640776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16521","display_name":"Taxon","level":2,"score":0.37869998812675476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.37709999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70721500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177005","display_name":"Computational biology","level":1,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90132467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171184","display_name":"Phylogenetics","level":3,"score":0.3176000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132533263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2347362","display_name":"Mobile genetic elements","level":4,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44465124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q713623","display_name":"Clade","level":4,"score":0.2540000081062317}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.11.06.764910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.06.764910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.06.764910","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/11/09/2026.11.06.764910.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.11.06.764910","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.06.764910","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.06.764910","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/11/09/2026.11.06.764910.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225649928.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225649928.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968048718","https://openalex.org/W1988479591","https://openalex.org/W1989025984","https://openalex.org/W2007318995","https://openalex.org/W2018155289","https://openalex.org/W2018632598","https://openalex.org/W2025238756","https://openalex.org/W2034740400","https://openalex.org/W2065051654","https://openalex.org/W2093620388","https://openalex.org/W2138122982","https://openalex.org/W2140691292","https://openalex.org/W2142678478","https://openalex.org/W2159368494","https://openalex.org/W2169456326","https://openalex.org/W2170964688","https://openalex.org/W2171746679","https://openalex.org/W2180695179","https://openalex.org/W2254186441","https://openalex.org/W2409872211","https://openalex.org/W2465327081","https://openalex.org/W2481029670","https://openalex.org/W2569652982","https://openalex.org/W2583363792","https://openalex.org/W2592204949","https://openalex.org/W2790594382","https://openalex.org/W2808352813","https://openalex.org/W2912990441","https://openalex.org/W2944021648","https://openalex.org/W2984781035","https://openalex.org/W2999033771","https://openalex.org/W3002804540","https://openalex.org/W3005235420","https://openalex.org/W3007075333","https://openalex.org/W3012094285","https://openalex.org/W3025319533","https://openalex.org/W3029336833","https://openalex.org/W3045277044","https://openalex.org/W3103905616","https://openalex.org/W3113087152","https://openalex.org/W3119984181","https://openalex.org/W3127081699","https://openalex.org/W3142678755","https://openalex.org/W3160139568","https://openalex.org/W3163945002","https://openalex.org/W3175616293","https://openalex.org/W3201076568","https://openalex.org/W4212837547","https://openalex.org/W4283584293","https://openalex.org/W4288438238","https://openalex.org/W4293569008","https://openalex.org/W4293767259","https://openalex.org/W4378902874","https://openalex.org/W4385377350","https://openalex.org/W4386953778","https://openalex.org/W4389804510","https://openalex.org/W4390937802","https://openalex.org/W4391231004","https://openalex.org/W4391850508","https://openalex.org/W4396652888","https://openalex.org/W4399581203","https://openalex.org/W4400837135","https://openalex.org/W4402542741","https://openalex.org/W4408016799","https://openalex.org/W6912636611","https://openalex.org/W6912947326","https://openalex.org/W7214670072"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7214670072","https://openalex.org/W2944237349","https://openalex.org/W6910797183","https://openalex.org/W7171606309","https://openalex.org/W4395031657","https://openalex.org/W4401211195","https://openalex.org/W3015749488","https://openalex.org/W4408048886","https://openalex.org/W1913688432","https://openalex.org/W4387165335"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aplacophora":[0],"(Solenogastres":[1],"+":[2,42],"Caudofoveata)":[3],"is":[4,45,70],"a":[5,12,37,107,116,216],"group":[6],"of":[7,49,64,75,86,89,109,129,180],"worm-like":[8],"molluscs":[9,53],"that":[10],"lack":[11],"shell":[13],"and":[14,21,35,68,93,103,112,160,169,209,227,234],"instead":[15],"are":[16,26,36],"covered":[17],"with":[18],"aragonitic":[19],"spines":[20],"scales":[22],"called":[23],"sclerites.":[24],"Sclerites":[25],"also":[27],"found":[28,153],"along":[29],"the":[30,46,57,62,84,177,188],"girdle":[31],"in":[32,66,78,133,154,183,197,202,225],"chitons":[33,210],"(Polyplacophora)":[34],"synapomorphy":[38],"for":[39,193,231],"Aculifera":[40,198],"(Aplacophora":[41],"Polyplacophora),":[43],"which":[44,130],"sister":[47],"taxon":[48],"all":[50,184],"other":[51],"shell-bearing":[52],"(Conchifera).":[54],"However,":[55],"whether":[56],"same":[58],"genetic":[59],"mechanism":[60],"underlies":[61],"process":[63],"biomineralization":[65,79,220],"aculiferans":[67],"conchiferans":[69],"unknown.":[71],"To":[72],"investigate":[73],"evolution":[74],"genes":[76,230],"involved":[77],"across":[80,126],"Mollusca,":[81,127,174],"we":[82,120],"re-sequenced":[83],"genomes":[85],"two":[87],"species":[88],"Solenogastres,":[90],"Epimenia":[91],"babai":[92],"Neomenia":[94],"megatrapezata":[95],",":[96],"producing":[97],"near-chromosome-level":[98],"assemblies":[99],"through":[100],"PacBio":[101],"HiFi":[102],"Hi-C":[104],"scaffolding.":[105],"Using":[106],"combination":[108],"orthology":[110],"inference":[111],"similarity":[113],"searches":[114,192],"against":[115],"known":[117],"SMP":[118,124],"database":[119],"identified":[121],"1,244":[122],"putative":[123],"orthogroups":[125],"292":[128],"were":[131,146,152],"present":[132],"at":[134,143,155],"least":[135,156],"one":[136,157],"solenogaster":[137,158],"genome.":[138],"SMPs":[139,189],"undergoing":[140],"significant":[141,181],"expansion/contraction":[142],"key":[144],"nodes":[145],"further":[147,200,232],"investigated.":[148,190],"Of":[149],"these,":[150],"15":[151],"genome":[159],"included":[161],"families":[162],"containing":[163],"chitin-binding,":[164],"von":[165],"Willebrand":[166],"factor":[167],"A,":[168],"C-type":[170],"lectin":[171],"domains.":[172],"Across":[173],"Solenogastres":[175,203,226],"showed":[176],"highest":[178],"number":[179],"losses":[182],"gene":[185],"families,":[186],"including":[187],"Targeted":[191],"structural,":[194],"silk-like":[195],"proteins":[196],"show":[199],"reductions":[201],"(16-17)":[204],"compared":[205],"to":[206],"caudofoveates":[207],"(29)":[208],"(46-80).":[211],"Altogether,":[212],"our":[213],"results":[214],"support":[215],"conserved":[217],"but":[218],"reduced":[219],"toolkit":[221],"underlying":[222],"sclerite":[223],"formation":[224],"identify":[228],"candidate":[229],"proteomic":[233],"functional":[235],"study.":[236]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}
