{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225646992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.70327","title":"Safety and Operative Burden of Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction During Breast Cancer Surgery With Concurrent Breast Reconstruction: A 13\u2010Year ACS\u2010NSQIP Analysis","display_name":"Safety and Operative Burden of Immediate Lymphatic Reconstruction During Breast Cancer Surgery With Concurrent Breast Reconstruction: A 13\u2010Year ACS\u2010NSQIP Analysis","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225646992","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.70327","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/43000951"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/micr.70327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.70327","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.70327","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/micr.70327","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51047553","display_name":"Microsurgery","issn_l":"0738-1085","issn":["0738-1085","1098-2752"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microsurgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/micr.70327","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081766747","display_name":"Georgios Karamitros","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-8539","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-8539"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Karamitros","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plastic Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2208-8539","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plastic Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5133536950","display_name":"Georgios Bouloukakis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4954-8229","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4954-8229"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181697535","display_name":"SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University","ror":"https://ror.org/0041qmd21","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios Bouloukakis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, College of Medicine State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University  Brooklyn New York USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4954-8229","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, College of Medicine State University of New York, Downstate Health Sciences University  Brooklyn New York USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181697535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091608442","display_name":"Galen Perdikis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4537-2591","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4537-2591"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I901861585","display_name":"Vanderbilt University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/05dq2gs74","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162197","https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Galen Perdikis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plastic Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plastic Surgery Vanderbilt University Medical Center  Nashville Tennessee USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072789007","display_name":"Yvonne M. Rasko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0051-0273","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0051-0273"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315496137","display_name":"University of Maryland Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00sde4n60","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315496137","https://openalex.org/I14285509"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yvonne M. Rasko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of Maryland Medical Center  Baltimore Maryland USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery University of Maryland Medical Center  Baltimore Maryland USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315496137"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068843829","display_name":"George Kokosis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6461-7398","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6461-7398","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9531-615X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1285301757","display_name":"Rush University Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/01j7c0b24","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Kokosis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Rush University Medical Center  Chicago Illinois USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6461-7398","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Rush University Medical Center  Chicago Illinois USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1285301757"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077833009","display_name":"Roman J. Skoracki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0665-2064","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0665-2064"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roman Skoracki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Plastic Surgery The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Plastic Surgery The Ohio State University  Columbus Ohio USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030751946","display_name":"Gregory A. Lamaris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-2041","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-2041"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315496137","display_name":"University of Maryland Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/00sde4n60","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315496137","https://openalex.org/I14285509"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gregory A. Lamaris","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center  Baltimore Maryland USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0099-2041","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical Center  Baltimore Maryland USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315496137"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081766747"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I901861585"],"apc_list":{"value":3780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3780},"apc_paid":{"value":3780,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3780},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"8","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11258","display_name":"Breast Implant and Reconstruction","score":0.8202999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11258","display_name":"Breast Implant and Reconstruction","score":0.8202999830245972,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11469","display_name":"Lymphatic System and Diseases","score":0.08370000123977661,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10183","display_name":"Breast Cancer Treatment Studies","score":0.06520000100135803,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immediate-lymphatic-reconstruction","display_name":"immediate lymphatic reconstruction","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer-surgery","display_name":"breast cancer surgery","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/axillary-lymph-node-dissection","display_name":"axillary lymph node dissection","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-reconstruction","display_name":"breast reconstruction","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer-related-lymphedema","display_name":"breast cancer-related lymphedema","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/30-day-postoperative-complications","display_name":"30-day postoperative complications","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-site-infection","display_name":"surgical site infection","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wound-complications","display_name":"wound complications","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operative-time","display_name":"operative time","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/length-of-hospital-stay","display_name":"length of hospital stay","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-readmission","display_name":"hospital readmission","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/return-to-operating-room","display_name":"return to operating room","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implant-based-reconstruction","display_name":"implant-based reconstruction","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autologous-reconstruction","display_name":"autologous reconstruction","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/national-surgical-quality-improvement-program","display_name":"National Surgical Quality Improvement Program","score":0.6729999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perioperative-safety","display_name":"perioperative safety","score":0.5040000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9894000291824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31174226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64855140","display_name":"Perioperative","level":2,"score":0.7450000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.7078999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.6603999733924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781001896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994507","display_name":"Breast reconstruction","level":4,"score":0.5813000202178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908949552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1809305","display_name":"Axillary Lymph Node Dissection","level":5,"score":0.5752999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.545799970626831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778740770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6708283","display_name":"Lymphovascular invasion","level":4,"score":0.5273000001907349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156957248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1862216","display_name":"Odds ratio","level":2,"score":0.48190000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777757722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q848318","display_name":"Mastectomy","level":4,"score":0.41830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779399171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1483951","display_name":"Malignancy","level":2,"score":0.41110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777704003","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4959802","display_name":"Breast surgery","level":4,"score":0.40630000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81182388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q353963","display_name":"Complication","level":2,"score":0.37619999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780849966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170758","display_name":"Lymph node","level":2,"score":0.364300012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775862295","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660911","display_name":"Dissection (medical)","level":2,"score":0.35280001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.3522999882698059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781392513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q916398","display_name":"Lymphedema","level":4,"score":0.3476000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.3425999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.3269999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181152851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q712604","display_name":"Lymphatic system","level":2,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61434518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932510","display_name":"General surgery","level":1,"score":0.27869999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779409168","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727291","display_name":"Seroma","level":3,"score":0.27129998803138733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910588946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7280491","display_name":"Total Mastectomy","level":5,"score":0.2669999897480011}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001943","descriptor_name":"Breast Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008197","descriptor_name":"Lymph Node Excision","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008408","descriptor_name":"Mastectomy","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011183","descriptor_name":"Postoperative Complications","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016462","descriptor_name":"Mammaplasty","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D016462","descriptor_name":"Mammaplasty","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D061646","descriptor_name":"Operative Time","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/micr.70327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.70327","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.70327","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/micr.70327","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51047553","display_name":"Microsurgery","issn_l":"0738-1085","issn":["0738-1085","1098-2752"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microsurgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:43000951","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/43000951","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microsurgery","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/micr.70327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.70327","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/micr.70327","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/micr.70327","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S51047553","display_name":"Microsurgery","issn_l":"0738-1085","issn":["0738-1085","1098-2752"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Microsurgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225646992.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225646992.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W35082804","https://openalex.org/W951417325","https://openalex.org/W1521836421","https://openalex.org/W1597684501","https://openalex.org/W1601629688","https://openalex.org/W1985854148","https://openalex.org/W1995423294","https://openalex.org/W2014348735","https://openalex.org/W2029993343","https://openalex.org/W2031468366","https://openalex.org/W2036400031","https://openalex.org/W2057633723","https://openalex.org/W2085503913","https://openalex.org/W2086744970","https://openalex.org/W2088895719","https://openalex.org/W2091931763","https://openalex.org/W2096998881","https://openalex.org/W2123758894","https://openalex.org/W2124966064","https://openalex.org/W2163278718","https://openalex.org/W2275737843","https://openalex.org/W2593185514","https://openalex.org/W2790476880","https://openalex.org/W2796369765","https://openalex.org/W2900461456","https://openalex.org/W2921185506","https://openalex.org/W4213152027","https://openalex.org/W4213255697","https://openalex.org/W4236504763","https://openalex.org/W4405708788","https://openalex.org/W4407514070","https://openalex.org/W4409795951","https://openalex.org/W7128550980","https://openalex.org/W7130531978","https://openalex.org/W7133494110","https://openalex.org/W7140280215","https://openalex.org/W7161137350","https://openalex.org/W7163879986"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414241832","https://openalex.org/W4306156599","https://openalex.org/W4385606710","https://openalex.org/W4220667790","https://openalex.org/W4377031066","https://openalex.org/W4388446864","https://openalex.org/W4411654696","https://openalex.org/W4413741974","https://openalex.org/W4229366967","https://openalex.org/W4323294015"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Immediate":[1],"lymphatic":[2],"reconstruction":[3,38,90,327],"(ILR)":[4],"is":[5],"increasingly":[6],"performed":[7,64],"during":[8,35],"axillary":[9],"lymph":[10],"node":[11],"dissection":[12],"to":[13,74,118,151,213,273,294],"reduce":[14],"breast":[15,37,56,79,82,336],"cancer-related":[16,337],"lymphedema.":[17,338],"Prior":[18],"national":[19],"studies":[20],"evaluated":[21,43],"broader":[22],"ALND":[23,156],"populations,":[24],"while":[25],"the":[26,119,214],"perioperative":[27,321],"safety":[28,45,322],"and":[29,46,125,164],"operative-duration":[30,279],"profile":[31],"of":[32,127,161,166,262],"ILR":[33,52,93,162,168,239,300],"specifically":[34],"concurrent":[36,60,326],"remains":[39],"incompletely":[40],"defined.":[41],"We":[42,63],"30-day":[44,106,174,307],"total":[47,246,314],"operative":[48,123,247,315],"duration":[49,248],"associated":[50,171,241,303,311],"with":[51,59,78,85,172,242,304,312],"in":[53,149,153,159,259,323,334],"women":[54,77],"undergoing":[55,81,325],"cancer":[57],"surgery":[58,84],"reconstruction.":[61],"METHODS:":[62],"a":[65,97,243,257],"retrospective":[66],"cohort":[67],"study":[68],"using":[69,96,133],"ACS-NSQIP":[70],"data":[71],"from":[72,147],"2012":[73,150],"2024.":[75,154],"Adult":[76],"malignancy":[80],"extirpative":[83],"same-encounter":[86],"implant-based":[87],"or":[88,227],"autologous":[89],"were":[91],"included.":[92],"was":[94,104,131,157,169,240,301,310],"identified":[95],"published":[98],"CPT-based":[99],"algorithm.":[100],"The":[101,278],"primary":[102],"outcome":[103],"any":[105,173],"postoperative":[107,260],"complication.":[108],"Secondary":[109],"outcomes":[110],"included":[111],"wound":[112,189],"complications,":[113],"surgical-site":[114],"infection":[115],"(SSI),":[116],"return":[117,212],"operating":[120,215],"room,":[121],"readmission,":[122],"time,":[124],"length":[126,261],"stay.":[128],"Temporal":[129],"efficiency":[130],"assessed":[132],"an":[134],"ILR-by-year":[135],"interaction.":[136],"RESULTS:":[137],"Among":[138],"65,437":[139],"women,":[140],"367":[141],"(0.56%)":[142],"underwent":[143],"ILR.":[144],"Use":[145],"increased":[146,305],"0.03%":[148],"1.57%":[152],"Documented":[155],"present":[158],"72.2%":[160],"recipients":[163],"18.7%":[165],"nonrecipients.":[167],"not":[170,282,302,330],"complication":[175],"(adjusted":[176,264],"odds":[177],"ratio":[178],"[aOR]":[179],"=":[180,184,187,192,196,199,203,207,210,218,222,225,230,234,237,251,271,276,287,292,297],"0.98;":[181],"95%":[182,194,205,220,232,269,290],"CI":[183,195,206,221,233,250,270,291],"0.71-1.35;":[185],"p":[186,198,209,224,236,253,275,296],"0.898),":[188],"complications":[190],"(aOR":[191,202,217,229],"1.11;":[193],"0.75-1.65;":[197],"0.597),":[200],"SSI":[201],"0.88;":[204],"0.56-1.40;":[208],"0.600),":[211],"room":[216],"0.92;":[219],"0.62-1.37;":[223],"0.681),":[226],"readmission":[228],"1.05;":[231],"0.65-1.70;":[235],"0.834).":[238],"90.4-min":[244],"longer":[245,313],"(95%":[249],"80.1-100.6;":[252],"<":[254],"0.001),":[255],"without":[256],"difference":[258,280],"stay":[263],"mean":[265],"difference,":[266],"0.03":[267],"days;":[268],"-0.21":[272],"0.26;":[274],"0.832).":[277],"did":[281],"attenuate":[283],"over":[284],"time":[285],"(interaction":[286],"0.44":[288],"min/year;":[289],"-2.89":[293],"3.78;":[295],"0.796).":[298],"CONCLUSIONS:":[299],"adjusted":[306],"morbidity":[308],"but":[309,328],"duration.":[316],"These":[317],"findings":[318],"support":[319],"short-term":[320],"patients":[324],"do":[329],"establish":[331],"long-term":[332],"effectiveness":[333],"preventing":[335]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}
