{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225645978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2026-15-8-74-92","title":"Semantics and Typology of Hedges: A Corpus-Based Study of German-Language Linguistics Research Articles","display_name":"Semantics and Typology of Hedges: A Corpus-Based Study of German-Language Linguistics Research Articles","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225645978","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2026-15-8-74-92"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.24224/2227-1295-2026-15-8-74-92","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2026-15-8-74-92","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2026-15-8-74-92","pdf_url":"https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/download/7598/3137","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197101","display_name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","issn_l":"2225-756X","issn":["2225-756X","2227-1295"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nauchnyi dialog","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/download/7598/3137","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070201665","display_name":"E.W. Bodnaruk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4405-4513","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4405-4513","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9866-7417"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116191961","display_name":"Northern (Arctic) Federal University","ror":"https://ror.org/017kqpz20","country_code":"RU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116191961"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"E. V. Bodnaruk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northern (Arctic) Federal University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4405-4513","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northern (Arctic) Federal University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116191961"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5070201665"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116191961"],"apc_list":{"value":26000,"currency":"RUB","value_usd":247},"apc_paid":{"value":26000,"currency":"RUB","value_usd":247},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"8","first_page":"74","last_page":"92"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10366","display_name":"Discourse Analysis in Language Studies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10366","display_name":"Discourse Analysis in Language Studies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12119","display_name":"Linguistics and Discourse Analysis","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10034","display_name":"Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hedges","display_name":"hedges","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/academic-discourse","display_name":"academic discourse","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modal-semantics","display_name":"modal semantics","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vagueness","display_name":"vagueness","score":0.8399999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776825360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411921","display_name":"Vagueness","level":3,"score":0.8435999751091003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.7318999767303467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.6654000282287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75795011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q917904","display_name":"Typology","level":2,"score":0.5950999855995178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2185349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190558","display_name":"Negation","level":2,"score":0.5353999733924866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71139939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910194","display_name":"Modal","level":2,"score":0.532800018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.47589999437332153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547195049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1725664","display_name":"Terminology","level":2,"score":0.41780000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103278499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q254465","display_name":"Similarity (geometry)","level":3,"score":0.4011000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.4002000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11693617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181839","display_name":"Pragmatics","level":2,"score":0.3797000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3695000112056732},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.36230000853538513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780876879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3054749","display_name":"Meaning (existential)","level":2,"score":0.3271999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778828372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283209","display_name":"Distributional semantics","level":3,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.26159998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.24224/2227-1295-2026-15-8-74-92","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2026-15-8-74-92","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2026-15-8-74-92","pdf_url":"https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/download/7598/3137","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197101","display_name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","issn_l":"2225-756X","issn":["2225-756X","2227-1295"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nauchnyi dialog","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.24224/2227-1295-2026-15-8-74-92","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2026-15-8-74-92","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2026-15-8-74-92","pdf_url":"https://www.nauka-dialog.ru/jour/article/download/7598/3137","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210197101","display_name":"Nauchnyi Dialog","issn_l":"2225-756X","issn":["2225-756X","2227-1295"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj","erih-plus","norway-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-3"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nauchnyi dialog","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225645978.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225645978.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2030986807","https://openalex.org/W2042543631","https://openalex.org/W2070101785","https://openalex.org/W2091509179","https://openalex.org/W2114005564","https://openalex.org/W2751614398","https://openalex.org/W2914620844","https://openalex.org/W2968232210","https://openalex.org/W2989683575","https://openalex.org/W4249470828","https://openalex.org/W4283710513","https://openalex.org/W4296820580","https://openalex.org/W4312622395","https://openalex.org/W4379055125","https://openalex.org/W4399620065","https://openalex.org/W4407968707","https://openalex.org/W6944401562","https://openalex.org/W6948343274","https://openalex.org/W7133329626"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2554388614","https://openalex.org/W2260691437","https://openalex.org/W2512819975","https://openalex.org/W7220813971","https://openalex.org/W2950692029","https://openalex.org/W2339550168","https://openalex.org/W7019640741","https://openalex.org/W194111858","https://openalex.org/W2747177631","https://openalex.org/W7220791916"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"offers":[2],"a":[3,19,116,121,125,154],"comprehensive":[4],"analysis":[5,129],"of":[6,12,21,38,59,80,93,99,134,153,157,187],"hedging":[7,40],"devices":[8],"within":[9],"the":[10,53,97,100,132,151,170,174],"framework":[11],"academic":[13],"discourse.":[14],"The":[15,82,128,161],"study":[16,162],"draws":[17],"on":[18,48],"corpus":[20],"German-language":[22],"research":[23],"articles":[24],"in":[25,28,173,180,189],"linguistics":[26],"published":[27],"\u201cZeitschrift":[29],"f\u00fcr":[30],"Sprachwissenschaft\u201d":[31],"between":[32],"2011":[33],"and":[34,50,75,96,147,183],"2019.":[35],"A":[36],"total":[37],"1,445":[39],"units":[41,139],"were":[42],"extracted":[43],"via":[44],"continuous":[45],"sampling.":[46],"Drawing":[47],"contextual":[49],"semantico-pragmatic":[51],"analysis,":[52],"author":[54],"proposes":[55],"an":[56],"original":[57],"typology":[58],"hedges":[60,66,71,77,86,110,136,165,179,184],"comprising":[61],"three":[62],"distinct":[63],"categories:":[64],"(1)":[65],"with":[67,72,78,87,166,185],"modal":[68,88,167],"semantics,":[69,74],"(2)":[70],"approximative":[73,109,178],"(3)":[76],"semantics":[79,89,141,168,186],"vagueness.":[81],"findings":[83],"indicate":[84],"that":[85,108,131,164],"function":[90],"as":[91],"markers":[92],"possibility,":[94],"conjecture,":[95],"expression":[98],"author's":[101],"personal":[102],"stance.":[103],"It":[104],"is":[105],"further":[106],"observed":[107],"serve":[111],"to":[112,115,120],"signal":[113],"proximity":[114],"reference":[117],"point,":[118],"similarity":[119],"baseline":[122],"unit,":[123],"or":[124,159],"marginal":[126],"quantity.":[127,160],"demonstrates":[130],"category":[133],"vagueness":[135,188],"encompasses":[137],"linguistic":[138],"whose":[140],"profile":[142],"non-strict":[143],"generalization,":[144],"quantitative":[145],"vagueness,":[146],"imprecision":[148],"resulting":[149],"from":[150],"negation":[152],"high":[155],"degree":[156],"quality":[158],"highlights":[163],"exhibit":[169],"highest":[171],"frequency":[172],"dataset,":[175],"followed":[176],"by":[177],"second":[181],"place,":[182],"third.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}