{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225645455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.05.764743","title":"Disentanglement of persistent and dynamic neural substrates of working memory","display_name":"Disentanglement of persistent and dynamic neural substrates of working memory","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225645455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.05.764743"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.11.05.764743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.05.764743","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.05.764743","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/11/09/2026.11.05.764743.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/11/09/2026.11.05.764743.full.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161337755","display_name":"Alireza Abbasi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alireza Abbasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136735348","display_name":"Aditya Nanda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6220-5250","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6220-5250"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aditya Nanda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021368423","display_name":"Wenhao Dang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6460-815X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6460-815X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenhao Dang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083516847","display_name":"Balbir Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-2558","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-2558"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Balbir Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7829-2558","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130812358","display_name":"Zhengyang Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengyang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079297718","display_name":"Christos Constantinidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7441-022X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7441-022X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christos Constantinidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060560199","display_name":"Mikail Rubinov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-7075","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-7075"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200719446","display_name":"Vanderbilt University","ror":"https://ror.org/02vm5rt34","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mikail Rubinov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vanderbilt University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4787-7075","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vanderbilt University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060560199"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200719446"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10581","display_name":"Neural dynamics and brain function","score":0.9868000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10448","display_name":"Memory and Neural Mechanisms","score":0.010099999606609344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11577","display_name":"Cognitive Abilities and Testing","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory","display_name":"working memory","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/persistent-neural-activity","display_name":"persistent activity","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neural-population-activity","display_name":"neural population activity","score":0.8209999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stimulus-decoding","display_name":"stimulus decoding","score":0.6380000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21963081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11337567","display_name":"Working memory","level":3,"score":0.8578000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5455999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5220000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.5210999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.5175999999046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984127161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q969316","display_name":"Neural activity","level":2,"score":0.4871000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4634000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179226034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18599","display_name":"Short-term memory","level":4,"score":0.412200003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.4068000018596649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.38920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.37400001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.37369999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118702147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189396","display_name":"Dynamic random-access memory","level":3,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74254510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7240508","display_name":"Premovement neuronal activity","level":2,"score":0.3447999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986342778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Cognitive systems","level":3,"score":0.3260999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145912823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q113558","display_name":"Dynamics (music)","level":2,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144559511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2986279","display_name":"Principal (computer security)","level":2,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188147891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q147638","display_name":"Cognitive science","level":1,"score":0.28029999136924744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119653847","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1327780","display_name":"Elementary cognitive task","level":3,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66024118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1122506","display_name":"Computational model","level":2,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17289045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138951","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience","level":3,"score":0.2680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152478114","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660910","display_name":"Neurophysiology","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88576662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18646","display_name":"Episodic memory","level":3,"score":0.25949999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.2572000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986811735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4692577","display_name":"Cognitive aging","level":3,"score":0.2542000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31288803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2617516","display_name":"Systems neuroscience","level":5,"score":0.25040000677108765}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.11.05.764743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.05.764743","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.05.764743","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/11/09/2026.11.05.764743.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.64898/2026.11.05.764743","doi":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.05.764743","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.11.05.764743","pdf_url":"https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/11/09/2026.11.05.764743.full.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402567","display_name":"bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2750212522","host_organization_name":"Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2750212522"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"bioRxiv","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225645455.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225645455.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1635648989","https://openalex.org/W1939596644","https://openalex.org/W1980951019","https://openalex.org/W1989512479","https://openalex.org/W2014966184","https://openalex.org/W2015866962","https://openalex.org/W2031534534","https://openalex.org/W2066659341","https://openalex.org/W2070900790","https://openalex.org/W2076177169","https://openalex.org/W2152868521","https://openalex.org/W2156580894","https://openalex.org/W2168462263","https://openalex.org/W2559781538","https://openalex.org/W2562471898","https://openalex.org/W2594068047","https://openalex.org/W2742829545","https://openalex.org/W2885859974","https://openalex.org/W2912119762","https://openalex.org/W2921518856","https://openalex.org/W3201511938","https://openalex.org/W4360823161","https://openalex.org/W4385576721","https://openalex.org/W4388126293","https://openalex.org/W4389098778","https://openalex.org/W4404105450","https://openalex.org/W7117147800","https://openalex.org/W7169787509"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2967094051","https://openalex.org/W2891430796","https://openalex.org/W2787520207","https://openalex.org/W4388126293","https://openalex.org/W3205934018","https://openalex.org/W2562471898","https://openalex.org/W2590265405","https://openalex.org/W1635648989","https://openalex.org/W2617413315","https://openalex.org/W2158446914"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Competing":[0],"theories":[1,24,159],"of":[2,10,15,30,55,69,108,135,160,180],"working":[3,36,48,161],"memory":[4,49],"have":[5],"alternatively":[6],"emphasized":[7],"the":[8,28],"importance":[9],"persistent":[11,31,56,93,109,128,148],"and":[12,32,57,67,84,94,110,149],"dynamic":[13,33,58,111,150],"substrates":[14],"this":[16,141],"cognitive":[17],"function.":[18],"Here,":[19],"we":[20,114,143,165],"directly":[21],"tested":[22],"these":[23,82,89],"by":[25,81],"computationally":[26],"isolating":[27],"contributions":[29],"activity":[34,42,59,70,136,152],"to":[35,155],"memory.":[37,162],"We":[38,51,75,97],"analyzed":[39],"neuronal":[40,151,181],"population":[41,182],"recordings":[43],"in":[44],"macaques":[45],"doing":[46],"match/non-match":[47],"tasks.":[50],"first":[52],"extracted":[53],"signatures":[54],"through":[60],"cue-specific":[61],"temporal":[62,64],"means,":[63],"principal":[65],"components,":[66],"correlations":[68,134],"patterns":[71,137],"across":[72,123,138],"task":[73],"epochs.":[74,139],"then":[76],"generated":[77],"synthetic":[78],"data":[79],"constrained":[80],"signatures,":[83],"decoded":[85],"cue":[86],"stimuli":[87,117],"from":[88,92,104,127],"data,":[90],"separately":[91],"non-persistent":[95],"neurons.":[96],"found":[98],"that":[99,153],"high":[100],"decoding":[101],"performance":[102],"arose":[103],"a":[105,172],"nuanced":[106],"interplay":[107],"activity.":[112,183],"Specifically,":[113],"could":[115],"decode":[116],"at":[118],"empirical":[119],"or":[120],"above-chance":[121],"levels":[122],"all":[124],"tasks":[125],"only":[126,131],"neurons,":[129],"but":[130],"after":[132],"constraining":[133],"In":[140],"way,":[142],"showed":[144],"distinct":[145],"roles":[146],"for":[147,175],"help":[154],"unify":[156],"two":[157],"competing":[158,178],"More":[163],"broadly,":[164],"also":[166],"advanced":[167],"computational":[168],"controlled":[169],"experiments":[170],"as":[171],"principled":[173],"framework":[174],"adjudicating":[176],"between":[177],"models":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}