{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225637962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24072201","title":"An Effective-Geometry Framework for Plasma Sustainability in Tokamaks: Critical-Gradient Transport Barriers from a Unified Field Invariant","display_name":"An Effective-Geometry Framework for Plasma Sustainability in Tokamaks: Critical-Gradient Transport Barriers from a Unified Field Invariant","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225637962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24072201"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24072201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24072201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24072201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24072201","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130322941","display_name":"Hassan Shteim","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Shteim, Hassan Mohammed","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5130322941"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13769","display_name":"Fusion and Plasma Physics Studies","score":0.019600000232458115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3109","display_name":"Statistical and Nonlinear Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10781","display_name":"Low-Pressure Plasma Processing and Diagnostics","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-geometry","display_name":"effective geometry","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-transport-barrier","display_name":"internal transport barrier","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/four-potential","display_name":"four-potential","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/effective-metric","display_name":"effective metric","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mhd-wave-propagation","display_name":"MHD wave propagation","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-disruption","display_name":"plasma disruption","score":0.8970000147819519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/h-mode","display_name":"H-mode","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/east-tokamak","display_name":"EAST tokamak","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/west-tokamak","display_name":"WEST tokamak","score":0.9710000157356262}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116515362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188589","display_name":"Tokamak","level":3,"score":0.8026000261306763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34388435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2267362","display_name":"Bounded function","level":2,"score":0.529699981212616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.515500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.5059999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195065555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214881","display_name":"Curvature","level":2,"score":0.4860999882221222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42471609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779048","display_name":"Magnetohydrodynamic drive","level":4,"score":0.4839000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190470478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2370229","display_name":"Invariant (physics)","level":2,"score":0.4415999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24872484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126818","display_name":"Dimensionless quantity","level":2,"score":0.4316999912261963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4036000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130979935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q568954","display_name":"Ansatz","level":2,"score":0.3986000120639801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176605952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827674","display_name":"Phasor","level":4,"score":0.3625999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33332235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18362","display_name":"Theoretical physics","level":1,"score":0.34470000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779545769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5135364","display_name":"Closeness","level":2,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74650414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11397","display_name":"Classical mechanics","level":1,"score":0.3046000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777964439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5884201","display_name":"Holonomic","level":2,"score":0.304500013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121864883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q677916","display_name":"Statistical physics","level":1,"score":0.2809000015258789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33026886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593950","display_name":"Rotational symmetry","level":2,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.2768000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14480152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944644","display_name":"Pinch","level":2,"score":0.27549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36704743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631289","display_name":"Reversed field pinch","level":4,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76969082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q486902","display_name":"Mathematical model","level":2,"score":0.2648000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.25940001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.2590000033378601}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24072201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24072201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24072201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24072202","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24072202","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24072202","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24072201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24072201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24072201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7225590923","https://openalex.org/W7164821461","https://openalex.org/W7132819152","https://openalex.org/W2057094899","https://openalex.org/W1978329318","https://openalex.org/W7134132913","https://openalex.org/W3201269346","https://openalex.org/W7001949361","https://openalex.org/W3042310934","https://openalex.org/W3191625010"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Long-duration":[0],"tokamak":[1,111],"operation":[2],"(EAST:":[3],"1066":[4],"s":[5],"H-mode,":[6],"2025;":[7],"WEST:":[8],"1337":[9],"s,":[10],"2025)":[11],"is":[12,71],"ultimately":[13],"bounded":[14],"by":[15,19],"plasma":[16,82],"disruption":[17],"driven":[18],"magnetohydrodynamic":[20],"(MHD)":[21],"instabil-":[22],"ities":[23],"and":[24,44,102],"critical-gradient":[25],"transport":[26],"barrier":[27],"dynamics.":[28],"We":[29,87],"formulate":[30],"a":[31,49,89],"geometric":[32],"framework":[33,115],"in":[34],"which":[35],"the":[36,45,68,105,109],"electromagnetic":[37],"field":[38],"invariant":[39],"F2":[40],"=":[41],"F\u00b5\u03bd":[42,43],"four-potential":[46],"A\u03c3":[47],"define":[48],"dimensionless":[50],"curvature":[51],"density":[52],"\u0398pl":[53,93],"on":[54],"an":[55],"effective":[56],"metric":[57],"geff":[58],"\u00b5\u03bd":[59],"that":[60],"governs":[61],"MHD-wave":[62],"propagation.":[63],"The":[64,114],"Planck-scale":[65],"motivation":[66],"of":[67],"original":[69],"ansatz":[70],"retained":[72],"only":[73],"as":[74],"theoret-":[75],"ical":[76],"inspiration;":[77],"all":[78],"physics":[79],"operates":[80],"at":[81],"energy":[83],"scales":[84],"(\u223c10":[85],"keV).":[86],"derive":[88],"master":[90],"sustainability":[91],"criterion":[92,106],"\u2264\u0398crit(s,q,\u03b1),":[94],"identify":[95],"\u0398crit":[96],"with":[97,108],"transport-barrier":[98],"(ITB)":[99],"thresh-":[100],"olds,":[101],"show":[103],"how":[104],"interlocks":[107],"standard":[110],"operating":[112],"limits.":[113],"yields":[116],"one":[117],"falsifiable":[118],"numerical":[119],"prediction":[120],"per":[121],"discharge":[122]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}
