{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225636626","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9","title":"Transmitral flow analysis via valve tracking 4D flow MRI detects age- and sex-related diastolic changes","display_name":"Transmitral flow analysis via valve tracking 4D flow MRI detects age- and sex-related diastolic changes","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225636626","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43043541","display_name":"The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging","issn_l":"1569-5794","issn":["1569-5794","1875-8312"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110892998","display_name":"Junghwa Choi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junghwa Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Ave. Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Ave. Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054979110","display_name":"Roberto Sarnari","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Sarnari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Ave. Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Ave. Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022830903","display_name":"James D. Thomas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8132-2903","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8132-2903"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James D Thomas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Cardiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 N St. Clair Street, Suite 600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Cardiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 N St. Clair Street, Suite 600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044152080","display_name":"Michael Markl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7686-1128","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7686-1128","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1921-5461"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Markl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road E310, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA","Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Ave. Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, McCormick School of Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road E310, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Ave. Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052393168","display_name":"Jeesoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3301-6469","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3301-6469","https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4090-8638"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jeesoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Ave. Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3301-6469","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Radiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 737 N Michigan Ave. Suite 1600, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5052393168"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3390},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":3390},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10821","display_name":"Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors","score":0.8192999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10821","display_name":"Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors","score":0.8192999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10172","display_name":"Cardiac Valve Diseases and Treatments","score":0.06949999928474426,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10378","display_name":"Advanced MRI Techniques and Applications","score":0.053599998354911804,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7092999815940857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164705383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10379","display_name":"Cardiology","level":1,"score":0.6388999819755554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57900726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q492905","display_name":"Diastole","level":3,"score":0.6204000115394592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777543888","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369939","display_name":"Mitral valve","level":2,"score":0.5605999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5561000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38349280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434290","display_name":"Flow (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5241000056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779104521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23058469","display_name":"Contouring","level":2,"score":0.4512999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80461066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1698533","display_name":"Stroke volume","level":4,"score":0.4343999922275543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987395694","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557891","display_name":"Feature tracking","level":3,"score":0.4050999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780829959","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30314111","display_name":"Diastolic function","level":4,"score":0.3953999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143409427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161238","display_name":"Magnetic resonance imaging","level":2,"score":0.3880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.35409998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166693061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5462119","display_name":"Flow velocity","level":3,"score":0.34139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178853913","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642137","display_name":"Hemodynamics","level":2,"score":0.32710000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16302685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15091623","display_name":"Flow measurement","level":2,"score":0.31610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.302700012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158846371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1642137","display_name":"Blood flow","level":2,"score":0.29499998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99398487","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q257319","display_name":"Cardiac cycle","level":2,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169554166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q496359","display_name":"Systole","level":4,"score":0.2897000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172120300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134348","display_name":"Volumetric flow rate","level":2,"score":0.26589998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987145844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5038325","display_name":"Cardiac magnetic resonance","level":3,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157469704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2585642","display_name":"Maximum flow problem","level":2,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780714102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q616071","display_name":"Aortic valve","level":2,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43043541","display_name":"The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging","issn_l":"1569-5794","issn":["1569-5794","1875-8312"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10554-026-03857-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43043541","display_name":"The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging","issn_l":"1569-5794","issn":["1569-5794","1875-8312"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The International Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225636626.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225636626.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1603754735","https://openalex.org/W1970068856","https://openalex.org/W1988934276","https://openalex.org/W2037584307","https://openalex.org/W2055701973","https://openalex.org/W2071939988","https://openalex.org/W2081148026","https://openalex.org/W2109281287","https://openalex.org/W2148850990","https://openalex.org/W2155110356","https://openalex.org/W2162635896","https://openalex.org/W2164189134","https://openalex.org/W2168417210","https://openalex.org/W2318948169","https://openalex.org/W2471327176","https://openalex.org/W2597217516","https://openalex.org/W2722393443","https://openalex.org/W2884084009","https://openalex.org/W2890070335","https://openalex.org/W2898774328","https://openalex.org/W2946264273","https://openalex.org/W2992821646","https://openalex.org/W2996323117","https://openalex.org/W3024354882","https://openalex.org/W3164620552","https://openalex.org/W4214756424","https://openalex.org/W4282975151","https://openalex.org/W4389347607","https://openalex.org/W4393062445","https://openalex.org/W4393346078","https://openalex.org/W4405203093","https://openalex.org/W4410566148","https://openalex.org/W4410717826","https://openalex.org/W7159600492"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"To":[1],"evaluate":[2],"whether":[3],"valve":[4,61,287],"tracking":[5,288],"4D":[6,45,67,86,282],"flow":[7,46,68,87,104,107,110,122,164,166,222,241,275,283],"MRI":[8,34,69,284],"can":[9],"detect":[10],"subtle":[11],"age-":[12],"and":[13,38,51,77,89,100,119,178,223,259,277],"sex-related":[14],"changes":[15,215],"in":[16,22,66,247,260,272,294],"left":[17],"ventricular":[18],"(LV)":[19],"diastolic":[20,102,214,295],"function":[21],"healthy":[23,28],"adults.":[24],"We":[25],"retrospectively":[26],"recruited":[27],"adults":[29,150],"who":[30],"had":[31],"undergone":[32],"cardiac":[33],"between":[35],"October":[36],"2020":[37],"March":[39],"2022,":[40],"selecting":[41],"those":[42],"with":[43,229,244,285],"whole-heart":[44],"MRI,":[47],"2D":[48],"long-axis":[49],"cine,":[50],"short-axis":[52],"cine":[53,79],"acquisitions.":[54],"A":[55,109,116,146],"dynamic":[56],"plane":[57,144],"at":[58],"the":[59,96,138,238,248],"mitral":[60,120],"(MV)":[62],"level":[63],"was":[64,135],"generated":[65],"using":[70],"leaflet":[71],"insertion":[72],"points":[73],"tracked":[74],"on":[75],"2-":[76],"4-chamber":[78],"images.":[80],"Through-plane":[81],"velocities":[82,113,279],"were":[83,125,158,194,216],"computed":[84],"from":[85],"data":[88],"corrected":[90],"for":[91,176,192,211],"MV":[92,133,143,201,228],"motion.":[93,145],"After":[94],"contouring":[95],"transmitral":[97],"region,":[98],"early":[99,128],"late":[101],"peak":[103,112,139,278],"rates":[105,276],"(E":[106,114,132],",":[108],"),":[111,118],"vel,":[115],"vel":[117,180,182,199,226],"forward":[121],"volume":[123],"(MFVol)":[124],"measured.":[126],"Peak":[127],"LV":[129],"relaxation":[130],"velocity":[131,141],")":[134],"defined":[136],"as":[137],"through-plane":[140],"of":[142,148],"total":[147],"39":[149],"(age":[151],"range:":[152],"46":[153],"\u00b1":[154],"13;":[155],"20":[156],"women)":[157],"included.":[159],"With":[160],"age,":[161],"both":[162],"E":[163,179,198,221,225,240],"/A":[165,181],"(":[167,183,203,251,262],"r":[168,184,204,252,263],"=":[169,185,205,253,257,264,268],"\u2212":[170,186,254,265],"0.79,":[171],"p":[172,188,207,256,267],"<":[173,189,208],"0.0001,":[174,190],"adjusted":[175,191,210],"HR)":[177,193],"0.70,":[187],"significantly":[195,246],"decreased,":[196],"while":[197],"/E":[200,227],"increased":[202,224],"0.53,":[206],"0.001,":[209],"EDV).":[212],"Early":[213],"sex-specific;":[217],"women":[218,261],"showed":[219,233],"decreased":[220,243],"aging,":[230,245],"whereas":[231],"men":[232],"no":[234],"significant":[235],"associations.":[236],"Additionally,":[237],"normalized":[239],"/MFVol":[242],"sex-combined":[249],"cohort":[250],"0.42,":[255],"0.008)":[258],"0.68,":[266],"0.004),":[269],"but":[270],"not":[271],"men.":[273],"Transmitral":[274],"assessed":[280],"by":[281],"cine-based":[286],"effectively":[289],"detected":[290],"physiologic":[291],"age-related":[292],"declines":[293],"function,":[296],"exhibiting":[297],"sex-specific":[298],"differences.":[299]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T13:44:29.811591","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}
