{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225633909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24094350","title":"Capacity Claims Across Specified Variation: How the Range of Conditions Tested Bounds What a Capacity Claim Can Say","display_name":"Capacity Claims Across Specified Variation: How the Range of Conditions Tested Bounds What a Capacity Claim Can Say","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225633909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24094350"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24094350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24094350","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24094350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24094350","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159573497","display_name":"Alexandra Cary","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Cary, Alexandra","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159573497"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13308","display_name":"Cybernetics and Technology in Society","score":0.25999999046325684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13308","display_name":"Cybernetics and Technology in Society","score":0.25999999046325684,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10778","display_name":"Philosophy of Biology and Scientific Explanation","score":0.11150000244379044,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11883","display_name":"Embodied and Extended Cognition","score":0.07919999957084656,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalizability","display_name":"generalizability","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"generalization","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reliability-analysis","display_name":"reliability analysis","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bodily-cues","display_name":"bodily cues","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/counterfactual-thinking","display_name":"counterfactual reasoning","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-modeling","display_name":"human modeling","score":0.40299999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108650721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783253","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","level":2,"score":0.7860999703407288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.6650999784469604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5906000137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5802000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.5497000217437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.49540001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.42989999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.4162999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.35740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.33169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71889745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783264","display_name":"Counterfactual conditional","level":3,"score":0.323199987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.31690001487731934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51082289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4113800","display_name":"Internal validity","level":2,"score":0.2996000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.29499998688697815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.28279998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.27230000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781466463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q621695","display_name":"Blame","level":2,"score":0.26489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174353785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7106895","display_name":"oskar","level":2,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70364389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18757","display_name":"Validity","level":3,"score":0.25589999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.2554999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24094350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24094350","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24094350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24094351","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24094351","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24094351","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24094350","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24094350","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24094350","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7225014850","https://openalex.org/W4417114362","https://openalex.org/W7212722576","https://openalex.org/W7155715165","https://openalex.org/W7225623979","https://openalex.org/W7099180298","https://openalex.org/W7212815748","https://openalex.org/W7221621953","https://openalex.org/W7213734837","https://openalex.org/W7225641540"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"conceptual":[1],"paper":[2,154],"introduces":[3],"Capacity":[4],"Claims":[5],"Across":[6],"Specified":[7],"Variation,":[8],"an":[9,20],"evaluative":[10],"criterion":[11,50,101],"for":[12],"assessing":[13],"what":[14,158,161],"demonstrated":[15],"success":[16,28,49],"warrants":[17],"saying":[18],"about":[19,157],"agent\u2019s":[21],"capacity.":[22],"A":[23],"claim":[24],"should":[25],"specify":[26],"the":[27,30,33,39,48,65,74,91,100,119,132,143,153,166],"criterion,":[29],"conditions":[31],"tested,":[32],"reliability":[34],"observed":[35,77],"across":[36,181],"them,":[37],"and":[38,105,118,145,163,187],"assumptions":[40],"supporting":[41],"extension":[42],"beyond":[43,90],"those":[44,86],"conditions.":[45,60],"Assessment":[46],"keeps":[47],"fixed":[51],"while":[52],"varying":[53],"questions,":[54],"collaborators,":[55,186],"settings,":[56],"or":[57],"other":[58],"relevant":[59],"Failures":[61],"remain":[62,179],"part":[63],"of":[64,76,110,142],"reported":[66],"reliability.":[67],"Conditions":[68],"present":[69],"throughout":[70],"testing":[71],"belong":[72],"to":[73,102],"context":[75],"success,":[78],"without":[79],"their":[80],"causal":[81],"contribution":[82],"being":[83],"established":[84],"by":[85],"observations":[87],"alone.":[88],"Generalization":[89],"tested":[92],"range":[93],"requires":[94],"stated":[95],"assumptions.":[96],"The":[97],"discussion":[98],"relates":[99],"external":[103],"validity":[104],"examines":[106],"Oskar":[107],"Pfungst\u2019s":[108],"investigation":[109],"Clever":[111],"Hans.":[112],"Performance":[113],"changed":[114],"when":[115],"questioner":[116],"knowledge":[117],"horse\u2019s":[120],"visual":[121],"access":[122],"were":[123],"varied.":[124],"These":[125],"comparisons":[126],"supported":[127],"a":[128],"narrower":[129],"capacity":[130],"claim;":[131],"explanation":[133],"involving":[134],"bodily":[135],"cues":[136],"depended":[137],"on":[138,175],"further":[139],"investigation.":[140],"Part":[141],"Possibility":[144],"Counterfactual":[146],"Structure":[147],"series":[148],"within":[149],"On":[150],"Human":[151],"Modeling,":[152],"offers":[155],"questions":[156],"stayed":[159],"constant,":[160],"varied,":[162],"who":[164],"determined":[165],"permitted":[167],"support.":[168],"Its":[169],"framework":[170],"can":[171],"inform":[172],"human\u2013AI":[173],"research":[174],"whether":[176],"capability":[177],"claims":[178],"warranted":[180],"changes":[182],"in":[183],"prompts,":[184],"support,":[185],"settings.":[188]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}