{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225629579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18213592","title":"Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Biology-Driven Disease Model","display_name":"Classic Hodgkin Lymphoma: Biology-Driven Disease Model","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225629579","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18213592"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/cancers18213592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18213592","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18213592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168415115","display_name":"Cancers","issn_l":"2072-6694","issn":["2072-6694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18213592","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045745778","display_name":"Antonino Carbone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2211-639X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2211-639X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128630","display_name":"Centro di Riferimento Oncologico","ror":"https://ror.org/03ks1vk59","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128630","https://openalex.org/I4210153126"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Antonino Carbone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2211-639X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, National Cancer Institute, 33081 Aviano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128630"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038699632","display_name":"Annunziata Gloghini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7226-1942","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7226-1942"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156707","display_name":"Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori","ror":"https://ror.org/05dwj7825","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153126","https://openalex.org/I4210156707"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Annunziata Gloghini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Former Senior Scientist at the Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Tumori Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7226-1942","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Former Senior Scientist at the Department of Advanced Diagnostics, Fondazione IRCCS, Istituto Tumori Milano, 20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156707"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045745778"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128630"],"apc_list":{"value":2900,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3499},"apc_paid":{"value":2900,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3499},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"21","first_page":"3592","last_page":"3592"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10185","display_name":"Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10185","display_name":"Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10685","display_name":"Viral-associated cancers and disorders","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11157","display_name":"Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Research","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classical-hodgkin-lymphoma","display_name":"classical Hodgkin lymphoma","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reed-sternberg-cells","display_name":"Reed-Sternberg cells","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumor-immune-microenvironment","display_name":"tumor immune microenvironment","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/molecular-subtyping","display_name":"molecular subtyping","score":0.6890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nf-kappab-signaling","display_name":"NF-\u03baB signaling","score":0.8669999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jak-stat-signaling","display_name":"JAK/STAT signaling","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytokines-and-chemokines","display_name":"cytokines and chemokines","score":0.7940000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regulatory-t-cells","display_name":"regulatory T cells","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macrophages","display_name":"macrophages","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-transcriptomics","display_name":"spatial transcriptomics","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imaging-mass-cytometry","display_name":"imaging mass cytometry","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/liquid-biopsy","display_name":"liquid biopsy","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/circulating-tumor-dna","display_name":"circulating tumor DNA","score":0.9760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ccl17-tarc","display_name":"TARC/CCL17","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prognostic-factors","display_name":"prognostic factors","score":0.8790000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208414","display_name":"Lymphoma","level":2,"score":0.7142000198364258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.6007000207901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5878000259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5195000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776107976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1786433","display_name":"Tumor microenvironment","level":3,"score":0.45820000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13373296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421866","display_name":"Chemokine","level":3,"score":0.4253000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16930146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4381253","display_name":"Stromal cell","level":2,"score":0.42410001158714294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.420199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992779791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209369","display_name":"Hodgkin lymphoma","level":3,"score":0.38350000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476748","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1138590","display_name":"Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma","level":3,"score":0.3806000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778015335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17051163","display_name":"Mass cytometry","level":4,"score":0.33709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779020855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209369","display_name":"Hodgkin's lymphoma","level":3,"score":0.3197000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181152851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q712604","display_name":"Lymphatic system","level":2,"score":0.30730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194409129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103824","display_name":"Hematology","level":2,"score":0.30630001425743103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020000205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2412849","display_name":"Narrative review","level":2,"score":0.2980000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779256057","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16909647","display_name":"Tumor progression","level":3,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780039790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8034912","display_name":"Working Formulation","level":4,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779529041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22349364","display_name":"Liquid biopsy","level":3,"score":0.2637999951839447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.25679999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.25450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152662350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815297","display_name":"Systems biology","level":2,"score":0.25290000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.25119999051094055}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/cancers18213592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18213592","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18213592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168415115","display_name":"Cancers","issn_l":"2072-6694","issn":["2072-6694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/cancers18213592","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18213592","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers18213592","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S168415115","display_name":"Cancers","issn_l":"2072-6694","issn":["2072-6694"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Cancers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8371999859809875,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":70,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1733750611","https://openalex.org/W1968101362","https://openalex.org/W1972725743","https://openalex.org/W1986354050","https://openalex.org/W2027907558","https://openalex.org/W2034400622","https://openalex.org/W2105565011","https://openalex.org/W2125616358","https://openalex.org/W2141615510","https://openalex.org/W2163401417","https://openalex.org/W2171741398","https://openalex.org/W2257573908","https://openalex.org/W2328676772","https://openalex.org/W2337659275","https://openalex.org/W2469052042","https://openalex.org/W2506616866","https://openalex.org/W2507263137","https://openalex.org/W2530695400","https://openalex.org/W2541574334","https://openalex.org/W2753945613","https://openalex.org/W2776006943","https://openalex.org/W2779478191","https://openalex.org/W2786224778","https://openalex.org/W2788470141","https://openalex.org/W2791031146","https://openalex.org/W2792114211","https://openalex.org/W2792615105","https://openalex.org/W2794872274","https://openalex.org/W2804189428","https://openalex.org/W2805486416","https://openalex.org/W2949238013","https://openalex.org/W2952815301","https://openalex.org/W2973332501","https://openalex.org/W2994693426","https://openalex.org/W3133299096","https://openalex.org/W3134416251","https://openalex.org/W3190390978","https://openalex.org/W3202855377","https://openalex.org/W4211103460","https://openalex.org/W4281625438","https://openalex.org/W4283381496","https://openalex.org/W4299806079","https://openalex.org/W4308183726","https://openalex.org/W4310127317","https://openalex.org/W4311115665","https://openalex.org/W4387428363","https://openalex.org/W4389549604","https://openalex.org/W4389942753","https://openalex.org/W4396743463","https://openalex.org/W4399999539","https://openalex.org/W4400193617","https://openalex.org/W4401725420","https://openalex.org/W4402315932","https://openalex.org/W4403462752","https://openalex.org/W4406136982","https://openalex.org/W4408417623","https://openalex.org/W4408586017","https://openalex.org/W4410338600","https://openalex.org/W4411477257","https://openalex.org/W4417019203","https://openalex.org/W4417020164","https://openalex.org/W7116291246","https://openalex.org/W7124302766","https://openalex.org/W7126235460","https://openalex.org/W7128451786","https://openalex.org/W7128806716","https://openalex.org/W7128993675","https://openalex.org/W7152505951","https://openalex.org/W7162007804","https://openalex.org/W7163074247"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7221162299","https://openalex.org/W7223201177","https://openalex.org/W4396743463","https://openalex.org/W7126235460","https://openalex.org/W7165799585","https://openalex.org/W3163998433","https://openalex.org/W3014153973","https://openalex.org/W3110995750","https://openalex.org/W4399208036","https://openalex.org/W2012278750"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Background/Objectives:":[0],"Classic":[1,242],"Hodgkin":[2,14,49,78,96,158,161,219,243,350],"lymphoma":[3,79,97,220,244],"(cHL)":[4],"is":[5,66,283,298],"a":[6,81,235,250,353],"unique":[7],"lymphoid":[8],"neoplasm":[9],"in":[10,40,323,399],"which":[11,65],"rare":[12],"malignant":[13],"and":[15,25,32,44,63,71,104,107,116,129,134,138,147,150,162,170,176,180,184,194,204,224,232,259,263,293,304,319,338,345,374,383,397,406],"Reed\u2013Sternberg":[16,163],"(HRS)":[17],"cells":[18,164],"orchestrate":[19],"an":[20],"extensive,":[21],"spatially":[22],"organized":[23],"immune":[24,101,146,233,265,395],"inflammatory":[26,148],"microenvironment":[27],"that":[28,182,238,311],"determines":[29],"diagnosis,":[30,43],"prognosis,":[31],"therapeutic":[33],"sensitivity.":[34],"This":[35,366],"review":[36],"summarizes":[37],"recent":[38,143],"advances":[39],"the":[41,55,73,92,99,140,152,211,272,314,343],"biopathology,":[42],"prognostic":[45,105,346],"stratification":[46],"of":[47,76,156,178,213,217,330,348,408],"classic":[48,77,95,157,218,349],"lymphoma,":[50,351],"with":[51,254,268],"particular":[52],"emphasis":[53],"on":[54,72,94,145,151],"emerging":[56],"molecular":[57,108,215,305,331,388],"subtyping":[58],"framework":[59,237],"proposed":[60,74,247],"by":[61,228],"Aoki":[62],"colleagues,":[64],"not":[67],"yet":[68],"clinically":[69],"validated,":[70],"concept":[75],"as":[80,381],"systemic":[82,153,251,335,394],"immunobiological":[83,154,252],"disease.":[84],"Methods:":[85],"In":[86],"this":[87],"narrative":[88],"review,":[89],"we":[90],"examined":[91],"literature":[93],"biology,":[98,337],"tumor":[100,256],"microenvironment,":[102],"diagnostic":[103,344],"biomarkers,":[106,376],"classification,":[109],"prioritizing":[110],"studies":[111],"published":[112],"through":[113,167,377],"to":[114,210,248,385,393],"mid-2026":[115],"distinguishing":[117],"established":[118],"evidence":[119,407],"from":[120,285,356,371],"observational":[121],"associations,":[122],"preclinical":[123],"findings,":[124],"meeting":[125],"abstracts,":[126],"ongoing":[127],"trials,":[128],"hypotheses,":[130],"including":[131],"single-cell,":[132],"spatial,":[133,303],"liquid":[135,339],"biopsy":[136,340],"technologies,":[137],"integrating":[139,199,291],"authors\u2019":[141],"own":[142],"work":[144],"biomarkers":[149,306],"features":[155],"lymphoma.":[159],"Results:":[160],"sustain":[165],"disease":[166,269,336],"constitutive":[168],"NF-\u03baB":[169],"JAK/STAT":[171],"signaling,":[172],"9p24.1-driven":[173],"PD-L1/PD-L2":[174],"overexpression,":[175],"secretion":[177],"chemokines":[179],"cytokines":[181],"recruit":[183],"functionally":[185],"reprogram":[186],"CD4+":[187],"T":[188,191],"cells,":[189,192],"regulatory":[190],"macrophages,":[193],"stromal":[195],"cells.":[196],"Multidimensional":[197],"profiling":[198],"malignant-cell":[200],"genomics,":[201],"spatial":[202,292,333,375],"transcriptomics,":[203],"imaging":[205],"mass":[206],"cytometry":[207],"has":[208,245,368],"led":[209],"proposal":[212],"four":[214],"subtypes":[216,389],"(CST,":[221],"CN913,":[222],"STB,":[223],"CN2P),":[225],"each":[226],"defined":[227,387],"distinct":[229],"genomic":[230],"drivers":[231],"architecture,":[234],"hypothesis-generating":[236],"awaits":[239],"prospective":[240],"validation.":[241],"been":[246],"be":[249],"disorder,":[253],"circulating":[255,378],"DNA,":[257],"thymus":[258],"activation-regulated":[260],"chemokine":[261],"(TARC/CCL17),":[262],"peripheral":[264],"signatures":[266],"associated":[267],"activity":[270],"beyond":[271],"lymph":[273],"node;":[274],"these":[275,414],"markers":[276,379],"are":[277,320,411],"promising":[278],"but":[279],"remain":[280],"investigational.":[281],"Diagnosis":[282],"evolving":[284],"morphology-based":[286,359],"assessment":[287,360],"toward":[288,361],"precision":[289,364],"immunopathology":[290],"digital":[294],"pathology,":[295],"while":[296],"prognosis":[297],"progressively":[299],"incorporating":[300],"tissue-based,":[301],"circulating,":[302],"into":[307],"integrated":[308],"risk":[309],"models":[310],"are,":[312],"for":[313],"most":[315],"part,":[316],"still":[317],"investigational":[318],"being":[321,391],"tested":[322,398],"biomarker-directed":[324,400],"clinical":[325,409],"trials.":[326,401],"Conclusions:":[327],"The":[328],"convergence":[329],"subtyping,":[332],"immunobiology,":[334],"may":[341],"reshape":[342],"landscape":[347],"suggesting":[352],"potential":[354],"transition":[355,367],"anatomically":[357],"defined,":[358],"integrated,":[362],"biology-driven":[363],"medicine.":[365],"unfolded":[369],"stepwise,":[370],"tissue-based":[372],"immunophenotyping":[373],"such":[380],"ctDNA":[382],"TARC/CCL17,":[384],"genomically":[386],"now":[390],"linked":[392],"readouts":[396],"Prospective":[402],"validation,":[403],"assay":[404],"standardization,":[405],"utility":[410],"required":[412],"before":[413],"approaches":[415],"can":[416],"enter":[417],"routine":[418],"practice.":[419]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}
