{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225627228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/rc9.0000000000001241","title":"Knee eumycetoma in Cameroon: diagnostic challenges and therapeutic management of a rare localization \u2013 a case report","display_name":"Knee eumycetoma in Cameroon: diagnostic challenges and therapeutic management of a rare localization \u2013 a case report","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225627228","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/rc9.0000000000001241"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/rc9.0000000000001241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/rc9.0000000000001241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/rc9.0000000000001241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5398819","display_name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","issn_l":"2210-2612","issn":["2210-2612"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/rc9.0000000000001241","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152063207","display_name":"Elvis Antibe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6130-7686","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6130-7686"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331070479","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Yaound\u00e9 I","ror":"https://ror.org/022zbs961","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE","CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elvis Antib\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon","Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Neuro-MusculoSkeletal Laboratory (NMSK), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6130-7686","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Neuro-MusculoSkeletal Laboratory (NMSK), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063362779","display_name":"Lo\u00efc Fonkou\u00e9","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4209-9163","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4209-9163"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331070479","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Yaound\u00e9 I","ror":"https://ror.org/022zbs961","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153094","display_name":"Yaound\u00e9 General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00gws9676","country_code":"CM","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153094"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lo\u00efc Fonkou\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Yaound\u00e9 General Hospital, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon","Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4209-9163","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Yaound\u00e9 General Hospital, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153094"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035896493","display_name":"O.K. Muluem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8492-7457","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8492-7457"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331070479","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Yaound\u00e9 I","ror":"https://ror.org/022zbs961","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153094","display_name":"Yaound\u00e9 General Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00gws9676","country_code":"CM","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153094"]}],"countries":["CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kennedy Olivier Muluem","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Yaound\u00e9 General Hospital, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon","Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-8492-7457","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Yaound\u00e9 General Hospital, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153094"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117419983","display_name":"C\u00e9dric Dongmo Mayopa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8286-8377","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8286-8377","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2342-6402"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331070479","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 de Yaound\u00e9 I","ror":"https://ror.org/022zbs961","country_code":"CM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE","CM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C\u00e9dric Dongmo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon","Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Neuro-MusculoSkeletal Laboratory (NMSK), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8286-8377","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331070479"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Neuro-MusculoSkeletal Laboratory (NMSK), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002890654","display_name":"Thomas Schubert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6670-886X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6670-886X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315288073","display_name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","ror":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315288073"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Schubert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium","Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Neuro-MusculoSkeletal Laboratory (NMSK), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6670-886X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315288073","https://openalex.org/I95674353"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Neuro-MusculoSkeletal Laboratory (NMSK), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007113349","display_name":"Olivier Cornu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3033-7408","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3033-7408"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1315288073","display_name":"Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc","ror":"https://ror.org/03s4khd80","country_code":"BE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1315288073"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95674353","display_name":"UCLouvain","ror":"https://ror.org/02495e989","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olivier Cornu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium","Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Neuro-MusculoSkeletal Laboratory (NMSK), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3033-7408","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1315288073","https://openalex.org/I95674353"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research (IREC), Neuro-MusculoSkeletal Laboratory (NMSK), UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95674353"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2090},"apc_paid":{"value":2090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2090},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12317","display_name":"Actinomycetales infections and treatment","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2726","display_name":"Microbiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12317","display_name":"Actinomycetales infections and treatment","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2726","display_name":"Microbiology (medical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11037","display_name":"Fungal Infections and Studies","score":0.00559999980032444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13385","display_name":"Infectious Diseases and Mycology","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eumycetoma","display_name":"eumycetoma","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mycetoma","display_name":"mycetoma","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knee-involvement","display_name":"knee involvement","score":0.7149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delayed-diagnosis","display_name":"delayed diagnosis","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-excision","display_name":"surgical excision","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/split-thickness-skin-graft","display_name":"split-thickness skin graft","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/itraconazole","display_name":"itraconazole","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antifungal-therapy","display_name":"antifungal therapy","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/histopathological-diagnosis","display_name":"histopathological diagnosis","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soft-tissue-tumor-mimic","display_name":"soft tissue tumor mimic","score":0.6110000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cameroon","display_name":"Cameroon","score":0.4580000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9453999996185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777071850","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411229","display_name":"Itraconazole","level":3,"score":0.6305999755859375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776517480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16877704","display_name":"Mycetoma","level":2,"score":0.6225000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16005928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171171","display_name":"Dermatology","level":1,"score":0.5565000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777750529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1591440","display_name":"Skin grafting","level":2,"score":0.5246999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779701055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929833","display_name":"Rare disease","level":3,"score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779548794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578726","display_name":"Antifungal","level":2,"score":0.46619999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.4462999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.4113999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020063470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgical excision","level":2,"score":0.39739999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778464197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1200239","display_name":"Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans","level":2,"score":0.39320001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136948725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458306","display_name":"Soft tissue","level":2,"score":0.3880999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.3847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778303017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7998643","display_name":"Wide local excision","level":2,"score":0.37770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777474118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1345671","display_name":"Tropical disease","level":3,"score":0.3668999969959259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909576312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1200239","display_name":"Dermatofibrosarcoma","level":3,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207886595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1456138","display_name":"Pathological","level":2,"score":0.34389999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777982462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2481887","display_name":"Adjuvant therapy","level":3,"score":0.3122999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776246342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929451","display_name":"Neglected tropical diseases","level":3,"score":0.29510000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780879076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333633","display_name":"Incision and drainage","level":3,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020562746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7446275","display_name":"Surgical resection","level":2,"score":0.28119999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778236110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415259","display_name":"Terbinafine","level":4,"score":0.2556000053882599}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/rc9.0000000000001241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/rc9.0000000000001241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/rc9.0000000000001241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5398819","display_name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","issn_l":"2210-2612","issn":["2210-2612"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/rc9.0000000000001241","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/rc9.0000000000001241","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/rc9.0000000000001241","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5398819","display_name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","issn_l":"2210-2612","issn":["2210-2612"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","poland-40"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Surgery Case Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9922999739646912,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Case Report","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/case-report"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2091518694","https://openalex.org/W2115998934","https://openalex.org/W2171154738","https://openalex.org/W2202750786","https://openalex.org/W2886663082","https://openalex.org/W3088505798","https://openalex.org/W3139337731","https://openalex.org/W4388728549","https://openalex.org/W4390829107","https://openalex.org/W4405730305","https://openalex.org/W4407765050","https://openalex.org/W4413137911"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2800533464","https://openalex.org/W2584095979","https://openalex.org/W7119096340","https://openalex.org/W7214086794","https://openalex.org/W2964815193","https://openalex.org/W7134826564","https://openalex.org/W7220932763","https://openalex.org/W7225627686","https://openalex.org/W3020339374","https://openalex.org/W2921498407"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Introduction:":[0],"Mycetoma":[1],"is":[2,16,26,44,135,188,243],"a":[3,67,74,176],"chronic,":[4],"destructive":[5],"infectious":[6],"disease":[7],"affecting":[8],"the":[9,40,64,91,218,227],"skin,":[10],"subcutaneous":[11],"tissues,":[12],"and":[13,25,35,96,111,125,137,185,207,225,236,249],"bone.":[14],"It":[15],"caused":[17],"by":[18,28,107],"filamentous":[19],"fungi":[20],"(eumycetoma)":[21],"or":[22],"actinomycetes":[23],"(actinomycetoma)":[24],"characterized":[27],"grain":[29],"formation.":[30],"Although":[31,151],"endemic":[32],"in":[33,47,56,133,148,157,222],"tropical":[34,158],"subtropical":[36],"regions":[37,224],"known":[38],"as":[39],"\u201cmycetoma":[41],"belt,\u201d":[42],"Cameroon":[43,71],"not":[45,162],"included":[46],"this":[48],"area,":[49],"which":[50],"may":[51,138,182],"contribute":[52],"to":[53,144,211,232,245],"diagnostic":[54,145,178,234],"delays":[55],"non-endemic":[57,149,223],"settings.":[58,150],"Presentation":[59],"of":[60,66,119,220,229],"case:":[61],"We":[62],"report":[63],"case":[65,216],"50-year-old":[68],"man":[69],"from":[70],"presenting":[72],"with":[73,80,154,172,195,203],"chronic":[75],"fistulizing":[76],"knee":[77],"swelling":[78],"associated":[79,153],"black-grain":[81],"discharge,":[82],"evolving":[83],"over":[84],"more":[85],"than":[86],"1":[87],"year.":[88],"Despite":[89],"investigations,":[90],"diagnosis":[92,248],"remained":[93],"challenging.":[94],"Clinical":[95],"paraclinical":[97],"findings":[98],"confirmed":[99],"eumycetoma.":[100],"The":[101],"patient":[102],"underwent":[103],"marginal":[104],"excision":[105,194],"followed":[106],"split-thickness":[108],"skin":[109],"grafting":[110],"received":[112],"adjuvant":[113],"itraconazole":[114],"therapy.":[115],"At":[116],"36":[117],"months":[118],"follow-up,":[120],"no":[121],"recurrence":[122,212],"was":[123],"observed,":[124],"clinical":[126],"outcomes":[127],"were":[128],"satisfactory.":[129],"Discussion:":[130],"Knee":[131],"involvement":[132],"eumycetoma":[134],"rare":[136],"mimic":[139],"soft":[140],"tissue":[141],"tumors,":[142],"leading":[143],"delays,":[146],"especially":[147],"typically":[152],"rural":[155],"exposure":[156],"regions,":[159],"mycetoma":[160,221],"should":[161],"be":[163,183],"excluded":[164],"based":[165],"solely":[166],"on":[167,192],"atypical":[168],"epidemiological":[169],"features.":[170],"Fistulization":[171],"black":[173],"grains":[174],"remains":[175],"key":[177],"clue,":[179],"while":[180],"imaging":[181],"misleading,":[184],"histopathological":[186],"confirmation":[187],"essential.":[189],"Management":[190],"relies":[191],"surgical":[193],"adequate":[196],"margins,":[197],"often":[198],"requiring":[199],"reconstructive":[200],"procedures,":[201],"combined":[202],"prolonged":[204],"antifungal":[205],"therapy":[206],"long-term":[208],"follow-up":[209],"due":[210],"risk.":[213],"Conclusion:":[214],"This":[215],"highlights":[217],"occurrence":[219],"underscores":[226],"importance":[228],"early":[230],"recognition":[231],"reduce":[233],"delay":[235],"improve":[237],"outcomes.":[238],"Increased":[239],"awareness":[240],"among":[241],"clinicians":[242],"essential":[244],"ensure":[246],"timely":[247],"appropriate":[250],"management.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}