{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225626523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31214037","title":"Effect of Ultrasound Treatment on the Structural and Techno-Functional Properties of Feather-Derived Keratin","display_name":"Effect of Ultrasound Treatment on the Structural and Techno-Functional Properties of Feather-Derived Keratin","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225626523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31214037"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules31214037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31214037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31214037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31214037","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5099117383","display_name":"Nisa Akkuzu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4405-1834","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4405-1834"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nisa Akkuzu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4405-1834","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161362171","display_name":"Bet\u00fcl Unur","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5409-3359","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5409-3359"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bet\u00fcl Unur","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-5409-3359","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011264448","display_name":"Rukiye Gundogan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7509-0467","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7509-0467"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rukiye Gundogan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7509-0467","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161343832","display_name":"Tuncay \u00d6zdemir","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tuncay \u00d6zdemir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Senpilic Gida San. A.S., 54700 Geyve, Sakarya, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Senpilic Gida San. A.S., 54700 Geyve, Sakarya, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049072771","display_name":"G\u00fcl\u015fah Karabulut","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-3044","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-3044"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I103703290","display_name":"Sakarya University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttnw109","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I103703290"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gulsah Karabulut","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sakarya University, 54187 Serdivan, Sakarya, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4540-3044","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Sakarya University, 54187 Serdivan, Sakarya, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I103703290"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077061708","display_name":"Ebru F\u0131ratl\u0131gil","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-3770","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-3770"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ebru Firatligil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9637-3770","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071470938","display_name":"Asl\u0131 Can Kara\u00e7a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4137-0644","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4137-0644"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48912391","display_name":"Istanbul Technical University","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Asli Can Karaca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4137-0644","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, 34469 Maslak, Istanbul, T\u00fcrkiye","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071470938"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48912391"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"21","first_page":"4037","last_page":"4037"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10411","display_name":"Proteins in Food Systems","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10411","display_name":"Proteins in Food Systems","score":0.9872999787330627,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12085","display_name":"Collagen: Extraction and Characterization","score":0.007000000216066837,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11511","display_name":"Dyeing and Modifying Textile Fibers","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2507","display_name":"Polymers and Plastics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chicken-feather-keratin","display_name":"chicken feather keratin","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultrasound-treatment","display_name":"ultrasound treatment","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disulfide-cross-linking","display_name":"disulfide cross-linking","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beta-sheet-content","display_name":"\u03b2-sheet content","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-sulfhydryl-groups","display_name":"free sulfhydryl groups","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-solubility","display_name":"water solubility","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emulsifying-properties","display_name":"emulsifying properties","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/foaming-properties","display_name":"foaming properties","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-absorption-capacity","display_name":"oil absorption capacity","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-activity","display_name":"antioxidant activity","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-protein-digestibility","display_name":"in vitro protein digestibility","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-hydrophobicity","display_name":"surface hydrophobicity","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alkaline-extraction","display_name":"alkaline extraction","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/functional-food-ingredients","display_name":"functional food ingredients","score":0.527999997138977}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81241287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189474","display_name":"Keratin","level":2,"score":0.8162999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.7723000049591064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778123984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187634","display_name":"Emulsion","level":2,"score":0.6567000150680542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155574463","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170731","display_name":"Solubility","level":2,"score":0.6353999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778439535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188777","display_name":"Amide","level":2,"score":0.5138000249862671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780589914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10675206","display_name":"Ingredient","level":2,"score":0.48739999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143753070","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162564","display_name":"Ultrasound","level":2,"score":0.4860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.46369999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202751555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221681","display_name":"In vitro","level":2,"score":0.4505999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160892712","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901559","display_name":"Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.43630000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.39590001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31903555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1637030","display_name":"Food science","level":1,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184651966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q906356","display_name":"Aqueous solution","level":2,"score":0.3059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.2989000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020766300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q564875","display_name":"Ultrasound treatment","level":3,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150581940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622205","display_name":"Specific surface area","level":3,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175528265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q500256","display_name":"Chemical structure","level":2,"score":0.2761000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13965031","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243545","display_name":"Nuclear chemistry","level":1,"score":0.26499998569488525}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules31214037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31214037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31214037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/molecules31214037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31214037","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules31214037","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S108911230","display_name":"Molecules","issn_l":"1420-3049","issn":["1420-3049","1433-1373"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","medline","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Molecules","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324489","display_name":"Istanbul Teknik \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/059636586"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1992544322","https://openalex.org/W1998925277","https://openalex.org/W2026959180","https://openalex.org/W2228243764","https://openalex.org/W2781720449","https://openalex.org/W2900202867","https://openalex.org/W2954831733","https://openalex.org/W2999210746","https://openalex.org/W3134474407","https://openalex.org/W3157444490","https://openalex.org/W3198693285","https://openalex.org/W3205865398","https://openalex.org/W4200385052","https://openalex.org/W4281392849","https://openalex.org/W4281920645","https://openalex.org/W4303183535","https://openalex.org/W4309880600","https://openalex.org/W4315491752","https://openalex.org/W4387392139","https://openalex.org/W4387649847","https://openalex.org/W4392514982","https://openalex.org/W4399425651","https://openalex.org/W4404671388","https://openalex.org/W4405948140","https://openalex.org/W4408624632","https://openalex.org/W4410019407","https://openalex.org/W4411297578","https://openalex.org/W4414072838","https://openalex.org/W7117882570","https://openalex.org/W7127942680","https://openalex.org/W7127970353","https://openalex.org/W7149969903","https://openalex.org/W7161735361","https://openalex.org/W7163574884"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4315491752","https://openalex.org/W3107269191","https://openalex.org/W7117882570","https://openalex.org/W7161735361","https://openalex.org/W4319040360","https://openalex.org/W7117406978","https://openalex.org/W4220729791","https://openalex.org/W2270843288","https://openalex.org/W2992351379","https://openalex.org/W2793519627"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Chicken":[0],"feathers,":[1],"an":[2,115,139,194],"underutilized":[3],"poultry-processing":[4],"by-product,":[5],"are":[6],"a":[7,126,214],"rich":[8],"keratin":[9,43,103,192],"source":[10],"whose":[11],"native":[12,119],"disulfide-crosslinked":[13],"structure":[14],"limits":[15],"solubility":[16,161],"and":[17,36,54,73,84,86,90,98,122,148,162],"functional":[18,136,188,215],"applicability.":[19],"This":[20],"study":[21],"investigated":[22],"the":[23,34,94,153,187],"effects":[24],"of":[25,39,102,128,190],"probe":[26],"ultrasound":[27,108,183],"treatment":[28,133,184],"(30\u201360%":[29],"amplitude,":[30,158],"10":[31],"min)":[32],"on":[33],"structural":[35],"techno-functional":[37],"properties":[38,137],"alkali-extracted":[40],"chicken":[41],"feather":[42,191],"(CFK)":[44],"to":[45],"support":[46],"its":[47,201,206,211],"valorization":[48],"in":[49,76,118,138,170,193,200],"various":[50,218],"applications.":[51,219],"Control":[52],"(untreated)":[53],"ultrasound-treated":[55],"CFK":[56],"samples":[57],"were":[58,104,165],"characterized":[59],"by":[60],"FTIR,":[61],"SDS\u2013PAGE,":[62],"free":[63,129],"sulfhydryl":[64],"(\u2013SH)":[65],"content,":[66],"\u03b6-potential,":[67],"surface":[68],"hydrophobicity,":[69,143],"antioxidant":[70,150],"activity":[71,151],"(ABTS":[72],"CUPRAC":[74],"assays),":[75],"vitro":[77,171],"protein":[78],"digestibility,":[79],"water":[80,160],"solubility,":[81],"oil-holding":[82,144],"capacity,":[83,145],"emulsifying":[85,146],"foaming":[87],"properties.":[88],"FTIR":[89],"SDS\u2013PAGE":[91],"revealed":[92],"that":[93,182],"characteristic":[95],"amide":[96,208],"bands":[97],"apparent":[99,202],"molecular-weight":[100,203],"profile":[101,204],"mainly":[105],"preserved":[106],"following":[107],"treatment,":[109],"whereas":[110],"Amide":[111],"I":[112],"deconvolution":[113],"indicated":[114],"amplitude-dependent":[116,140,195],"reduction":[117],"\u03b2-sheet":[120],"content":[121],"Ellman\u2019s":[123],"assay":[124],"showed":[125,152],"loss":[127],"\u2013SH":[130],"groups.":[131],"Ultrasound":[132],"enhanced":[134],"several":[135],"manner.":[141],"Surface":[142],"activity,":[147],"ABTS-based":[149],"highest":[154,166],"values":[155],"at":[156,167],"40%":[157],"while":[159],"emulsion":[163],"stability":[164],"60%.":[168],"The":[169],"digestibility":[172],"remained":[173],"above":[174],"90%":[175],"for":[176,217],"all":[177],"samples.":[178],"These":[179],"findings":[180],"show":[181],"can":[185],"modify":[186],"performance":[189],"manner":[196],"without":[197],"marked":[198],"changes":[199],"or":[205],"major":[207],"bands,":[209],"supporting":[210],"potential":[212],"as":[213],"ingredient":[216]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}