{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225622823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/101607","title":"PancreaGuide for Computed Tomography Report Interpretation and Perioperative Consultation in Pancreatic Cancer: Development and Retrospective Evaluation of a Knowledge-Augmented Large Language Model Agent","display_name":"PancreaGuide for Computed Tomography Report Interpretation and Perioperative Consultation in Pancreatic Cancer: Development and Retrospective Evaluation of a Knowledge-Augmented Large Language Model Agent","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225622823","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/101607","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/43002664"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2196/101607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/101607","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2196/101607","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S17147534","display_name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research","issn_l":"1438-8871","issn":["1438-8871","1439-4456"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320608","host_organization_name":"JMIR Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320608"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["JMIR Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.2196/101607","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003922560","display_name":"Tianrui Kuang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089761","display_name":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mrxy13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianrui Kuang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Pancreatic Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, CHENGDU, China, 86 17786132270"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Pancreatic Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, CHENGDU, China, 86 17786132270","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161355839","display_name":"Rui Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089761","display_name":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mrxy13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Pancreatic Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, CHENGDU, China, 86 17786132270"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Pancreatic Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, CHENGDU, China, 86 17786132270","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100713698","display_name":"Yijun Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1051-1916","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1051-1916"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089761","display_name":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mrxy13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shaomin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1051-1916","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161354645","display_name":"Yunwei Sun","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089761","display_name":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mrxy13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunwei Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Pancreatic Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, CHENGDU, China, 86 17786132270"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Pancreatic Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, CHENGDU, China, 86 17786132270","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161361134","display_name":"Jin Zhou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089761","display_name":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mrxy13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Pancreatic Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, CHENGDU, China, 86 17786132270"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Pancreatic Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, CHENGDU, China, 86 17786132270","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161345207","display_name":"Zhong Wu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089761","display_name":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mrxy13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Pancreatic Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, CHENGDU, China, 86 17786132270"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Pancreatic Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, CHENGDU, China, 86 17786132270","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161342109","display_name":"Bing Peng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24185976","display_name":"Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/011ashp19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24185976"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210089761","display_name":"West China Hospital of Sichuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/007mrxy13","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Pancreatic Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, CHENGDU, China, 86 17786132270"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Pancreatic Cancer, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Lane, Wuhou District, CHENGDU, China, 86 17786132270","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24185976","https://openalex.org/I4210089761"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"apc_paid":{"value":2950,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2950},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":null,"first_page":"e101607","last_page":"e101607"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10231","display_name":"Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research","score":0.0010999999940395355,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pancreatic-cancer","display_name":"pancreatic cancer","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resectability-assessment","display_name":"resectability assessment","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/large-language-models","display_name":"large language models","score":0.8420000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retrieval-augmented-generation","display_name":"retrieval-augmented generation","score":0.8870000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pancreatic-surgery","display_name":"pancreatic surgery","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-support","display_name":"clinical decision support","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast-enhanced-computed-tomography","display_name":"contrast-enhanced CT","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/llm-agent-evaluation","display_name":"LLM agent evaluation","score":0.35899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chatgpt","display_name":"ChatGPT","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gemini","display_name":"Gemini","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deepseek","display_name":"DeepSeek","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-curve-analysis","display_name":"decision curve analysis","score":0.6039999723434448}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31174226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q64855140","display_name":"Perioperative","level":2,"score":0.7961999773979187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7803000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.5360000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.46880000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544519230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.4578000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19527891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120908","display_name":"Medical physics","level":1,"score":0.42640000581741333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58471807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327120","display_name":"Receiver operating characteristic","level":2,"score":0.42149999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.41029998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780210213","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212961","display_name":"Pancreatic cancer","level":3,"score":0.3950999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.33550000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61434518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932510","display_name":"General surgery","level":1,"score":0.30970001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.29820001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.29760000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780148112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1432581","display_name":"Proxy (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203092338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340863","display_name":"Clinical endpoint","level":3,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.289000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.27790001034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.2709999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000098342","descriptor_name":"Large Language Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000000981","qualifier_name":"diagnostic imaging","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010190","descriptor_name":"Pancreatic Neoplasms","qualifier_ui":"Q000601","qualifier_name":"surgery","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012017","descriptor_name":"Referral and Consultation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012189","descriptor_name":"Retrospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014057","descriptor_name":"Tomography, X-Ray Computed","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019990","descriptor_name":"Perioperative Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2196/101607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/101607","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2196/101607","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S17147534","display_name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research","issn_l":"1438-8871","issn":["1438-8871","1439-4456"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320608","host_organization_name":"JMIR Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320608"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["JMIR Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:43002664","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/43002664","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of medical Internet research","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.2196/101607","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2196/101607","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2196/101607","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S17147534","display_name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research","issn_l":"1438-8871","issn":["1438-8871","1439-4456"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","fnege-4","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320608","host_organization_name":"JMIR Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320608"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["JMIR Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Medical Internet Research","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9537000060081482,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":35,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2601014096","https://openalex.org/W2982357890","https://openalex.org/W2984118403","https://openalex.org/W3037238054","https://openalex.org/W3211856506","https://openalex.org/W4223640931","https://openalex.org/W4290694417","https://openalex.org/W4378469640","https://openalex.org/W4378672794","https://openalex.org/W4384071683","https://openalex.org/W4386865118","https://openalex.org/W4389610286","https://openalex.org/W4390744544","https://openalex.org/W4390919701","https://openalex.org/W4390946922","https://openalex.org/W4392166130","https://openalex.org/W4393203759","https://openalex.org/W4399781895","https://openalex.org/W4400872202","https://openalex.org/W4404851265","https://openalex.org/W4405178026","https://openalex.org/W4406224751","https://openalex.org/W4408009893","https://openalex.org/W4409118824","https://openalex.org/W4409482304","https://openalex.org/W4409695450","https://openalex.org/W4409743051","https://openalex.org/W4413116754","https://openalex.org/W4413471659","https://openalex.org/W4413629988","https://openalex.org/W4414491098","https://openalex.org/W4414978463","https://openalex.org/W7119188498","https://openalex.org/W7154209800","https://openalex.org/W7169732189"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4390915335","https://openalex.org/W4416781147","https://openalex.org/W4414491098","https://openalex.org/W4416097096","https://openalex.org/W4399781895","https://openalex.org/W4413257864","https://openalex.org/W4405275313","https://openalex.org/W4405715550","https://openalex.org/W4408195454","https://openalex.org/W7167036373"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Accurate":[2],"interpretation":[3,75,104,137,177,247,375,416],"of":[4,42,105,144,178,235,248,256,264,376,424],"pancreatic":[5,21,106,129],"cancer":[6,22,107],"status":[7,399],"and":[8,32,40,46,70,90,110,126,138,157,165,172,201,223,261,274,286,292,297,342,355,379,422],"resectability-related":[9,108,179,249,377],"information,":[10,250],"together":[11],"with":[12,76,280,357,395],"effective":[13],"perioperative":[14,77,112,139,307,380],"communication,":[15],"remains":[16],"a":[17,80,94,127,207,262,367],"major":[18],"challenge":[19],"in":[20,169,353],"care.":[23],"In":[24,244,306],"routine":[25],"practice,":[26],"unstructured":[27],"computed":[28],"tomography":[29],"(CT)":[30],"reports":[31],"complex":[33],"clinical":[34,43,61,135,361,425],"information":[35,44,62,109,136,180,378,381,415,426],"may":[36,410],"limit":[37],"the":[38,48,236,253,302,327,420],"accessibility":[39,421],"consistency":[41,423],"delivery":[45],"increase":[47],"communication":[49],"burden":[50],"on":[51],"clinicians.":[52],"Large":[53],"language":[54],"models":[55,270,310,319],"(LLMs)":[56],"offer":[57],"new":[58],"opportunities":[59],"for":[60,371],"support;":[63],"however,":[64],"existing":[65],"applications":[66],"are":[67],"often":[68],"task-specific":[69],"rarely":[71],"combine":[72],"CT":[73,102,150,175,245,373],"report":[74],"consultation":[78,212,362],"within":[79],"unified":[81],"patient-oriented":[82],"framework.":[83],"Objective":[84],"This":[85],"study":[86],"aimed":[87],"to":[88,99,133,418],"develop":[89],"retrospectively":[91],"evaluate":[92],"PancreaGuide,":[93,117],"knowledge-augmented":[95,369],"LLM":[96,385],"agent":[97],"designed":[98],"support":[100,134,382],"clinician-supervised":[101,372],"report-based":[103,176,246,374],"standardized":[111],"consultation.":[113,140],"Methods":[114],"We":[115],"developed":[116],"an":[118,404,413],"agent-based":[119],"framework":[120,238,370,417],"integrating":[121],"structured":[122],"prompting,":[123],"retrieval-augmented":[124],"generation,":[125],"domain-specific":[128],"surgery":[130],"knowledge":[131],"base":[132,171,318],"A":[141],"retrospective":[142],"cohort":[143],"444":[145],"patients":[146],"who":[147],"underwent":[148],"contrast-enhanced":[149],"at":[151],"West":[152],"China":[153],"Hospital":[154],"between":[155,283],"2023":[156],"2025":[158],"was":[159,181,214],"analyzed.":[160],"Three":[161],"LLMs,":[162],"ChatGPT,":[163],"DeepSeek,":[164],"Gemini,":[166],"were":[167,231,351],"evaluated":[168,182,215],"both":[170],"PancreaGuide-integrated":[173,309],"configurations.":[174],"using":[183,206,301],"accuracy,":[184,219],"sensitivity,":[185],"specificity,":[186],"positive":[187],"predictive":[188,191],"value,":[189,192],"negative":[190],"F":[193],"1":[194],"-score,":[195],"receiver":[196],"operating":[197],"characteristic":[198],"curves":[199],"(ROCs),":[200],"decision":[202],"curve":[203],"analysis":[204],"(DCA)":[205],"surgery-based":[208,303],"proxy":[209,304],"reference.":[210,305],"Perioperative":[211],"quality":[213],"across":[216,239,320,360,383],"5":[217,322],"dimensions:":[218],"completeness,":[220],"consistency,":[221],"safety,":[222],"robustness.":[224],"Results":[225],"Higher":[226],"classification":[227],"metric":[228],"point":[229],"estimates":[230,276],"observed":[232,287,352,396],"after":[233,277],"integration":[234],"PancreaGuide":[237,278,365,409],"all":[240,321],"3":[241],"backbone":[242],"models.":[243],"Gemini+":[251,325],"achieved":[252,326],"highest":[254,328],"accuracy":[255],"87.4%":[257],"(95%":[258,266],"CI":[259,267],"0.840\u20100.902)":[260],"sensitivity":[263,273],"95.9%":[265],"0.927\u20100.978).":[268],"All":[269],"showed":[271],"improved":[272,281,295],"specificity":[275],"integration,":[279],"agreement":[282,394],"model-generated":[284],"interpretations":[285],"surgical":[288,397],"management":[289,398],"status.":[290],"ROC":[291],"DCA":[293],"suggested":[294],"discrimination":[296],"estimated":[298],"net":[299],"benefit":[300],"consultation,":[308],"received":[311],"higher":[312],"expert-rated":[313],"scores":[314],"than":[315,401],"their":[316],"corresponding":[317],"evaluation":[323],"dimensions.":[324],"overall":[329],"score":[330],"(mean":[331,338,344],"3.88,":[332],"SD":[333,340,346],"0.38),":[334],"followed":[335],"by":[336],"ChatGPT+":[337],"3.8,":[339],"10.36)":[341],"DeepSeek+":[343],"3.75,":[345],"0.35).":[347],"The":[348,387],"greatest":[349],"improvements":[350],"completeness":[354],"robustness,":[356],"consistent":[358],"gains":[359],"domains.":[363],"Conclusions":[364],"provides":[366],"unified,":[368],"multiple":[384],"backbones.":[386],"CT-based":[388],"findings":[389],"should":[390,430],"be":[391],"interpreted":[392],"as":[393,412],"rather":[400],"validation":[402],"against":[403],"independently":[405],"adjudicated":[406],"anatomical":[407],"resectability.":[408],"serve":[411],"auxiliary":[414],"improve":[419],"delivery,":[427],"while":[428],"it":[429],"not":[431],"replace":[432],"formal":[433],"radiological":[434],"assessment,":[435],"multidisciplinary":[436],"evaluation,":[437],"or":[438],"clinician":[439],"judgment.":[440]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}