{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225622236","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ach.1001047","title":"Beyond Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade: Aldosterone Synthase Inhibition as a New Therapeutic Frontier in the Cardiovascular\u2013Kidney\u2013Metabolic Era-What is really new?","display_name":"Beyond Mineralocorticoid Receptor Blockade: Aldosterone Synthase Inhibition as a New Therapeutic Frontier in the Cardiovascular\u2013Kidney\u2013Metabolic Era-What is really new?","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225622236","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ach.1001047"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.29328/journal.ach.1001047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ach.1001047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ach.1001047","pdf_url":"https://www.clinhypertensionjournal.com/ach/article/download/ach-aid1047/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240246","display_name":"Annals of Clinical Hypertension","issn_l":"2639-6629","issn":["2639-6629"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404669297","host_organization_name":"Heighten Science Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404669297"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Heighten Science Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Clinical Hypertension","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.clinhypertensionjournal.com/ach/article/download/ach-aid1047/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112157093","display_name":"R. Martin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6054-6740","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6054-6740"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Rosas-Peralta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6054-6740","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028736102","display_name":"Silvia Palomo\u2010Pi\u00f1\u00f3n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1047-5301","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1047-5301"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Silvia Palomo-Pi\u00f1\u00f3n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089753554","display_name":"Luis Antonio Alcocer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1657-1695","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1657-1695"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luis Alcocer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028756215","display_name":"H\u00e9ctor Galv\u00e1n\u2010Oseguera","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-4883","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4933-4883"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H\u00e9ctor Galv\u00e1n-Oseguera","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046916575","display_name":"Adolfo Ch\u00e1vez\u2010Mendoza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1031-3946","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1031-3946"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adolfo Ch\u00e1vez-Mendoza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012890595","display_name":"Ernesto Germ\u00e1n Cardona-Mu\u00f1\u00f3z","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-667X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7868-667X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ernesto Cardona-Mu\u00f1oz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000783597","display_name":"Humberto \u00c1lvarez\u2010L\u00f3pez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5282-9834","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5282-9834"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Humberto \u00c1lvarez-L\u00f3pez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038669486","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel Enciso\u2010Mu\u00f1oz","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Manuel Enciso-Mu\u00f1oz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044958017","display_name":"Enrique D\u00edaz\u2010D\u00edaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4972-077X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4972-077X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrique D\u00edaz-D\u00edaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161313831","display_name":"GREHTA Group","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GREHTA Group","raw_affiliation_strings":["Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Group of Experts in Hypertension, M\u00e9xico","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"52","last_page":"64"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11839","display_name":"Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11839","display_name":"Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2712","display_name":"Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11001","display_name":"Renin-Angiotensin System Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10144","display_name":"Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aldosterone-synthase-inhibitors","display_name":"aldosterone synthase inhibitors","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mineralocorticoid-receptor-antagonists","display_name":"mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyp11b2","display_name":"CYP11B2","score":0.843999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistant-hypertension","display_name":"resistant hypertension","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncontrolled-hypertension","display_name":"uncontrolled hypertension","score":0.7770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-kidney-disease","display_name":"chronic kidney disease","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/albuminuria","display_name":"albuminuria","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baxdrostat","display_name":"baxdrostat","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lorundrostat","display_name":"lorundrostat","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spironolactone","display_name":"spironolactone","score":0.9160000085830688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eplerenone","display_name":"eplerenone","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finerenone","display_name":"finerenone","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/primary-aldosteronism","display_name":"primary aldosteronism","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sglt2-inhibitors","display_name":"SGLT2 inhibitors","score":0.8450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-selection","display_name":"patient selection","score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrolyte-monitoring","display_name":"electrolyte monitoring","score":0.8930000066757202}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189135053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454531","display_name":"Mineralocorticoid receptor","level":3,"score":0.8934000134468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780249997","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14904983","display_name":"Aldosterone synthase","level":4,"score":0.7339000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7078999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778525890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184564","display_name":"Aldosterone","level":2,"score":0.657800018787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780233176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1939330","display_name":"Primary aldosteronism","level":3,"score":0.6342999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.5608000159263611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.5525000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780072264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423804","display_name":"Eplerenone","level":4,"score":0.5347999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776379505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422188","display_name":"Spironolactone","level":3,"score":0.5217000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776069600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422519","display_name":"Mineralocorticoid","level":3,"score":0.482699990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776174234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q974792","display_name":"Albuminuria","level":3,"score":0.40849998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.3993000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198710026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898218","display_name":"Renin\u2013angiotensin system","level":3,"score":0.3743000030517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.3625999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778653478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054718","display_name":"Kidney disease","level":2,"score":0.36239999532699585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776292634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640860","display_name":"Hyperaldosteronism","level":3,"score":0.3555000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203092338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340863","display_name":"Clinical endpoint","level":3,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780091579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9377","display_name":"Kidney","level":2,"score":0.3131999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778728240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929420","display_name":"Trandolapril","level":5,"score":0.28439998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.2766999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779715943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q427492","display_name":"Enzyme inhibition","level":3,"score":0.2614000141620636}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.29328/journal.ach.1001047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ach.1001047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ach.1001047","pdf_url":"https://www.clinhypertensionjournal.com/ach/article/download/ach-aid1047/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240246","display_name":"Annals of Clinical Hypertension","issn_l":"2639-6629","issn":["2639-6629"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404669297","host_organization_name":"Heighten Science Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404669297"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Heighten Science Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Clinical Hypertension","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.29328/journal.ach.1001047","doi":"https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ach.1001047","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.29328/journal.ach.1001047","pdf_url":"https://www.clinhypertensionjournal.com/ach/article/download/ach-aid1047/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210240246","display_name":"Annals of Clinical Hypertension","issn_l":"2639-6629","issn":["2639-6629"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4404669297","host_organization_name":"Heighten Science Publications","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4404669297"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Heighten Science Publications"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Clinical Hypertension","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225622236.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225622236.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1797367453","https://openalex.org/W2014029753","https://openalex.org/W2148589377","https://openalex.org/W2922577842","https://openalex.org/W3094429645","https://openalex.org/W3157857666","https://openalex.org/W4308367821","https://openalex.org/W4386584720","https://openalex.org/W4387439311","https://openalex.org/W4389774725","https://openalex.org/W4390574770","https://openalex.org/W4394010943","https://openalex.org/W4402101139","https://openalex.org/W4409720211","https://openalex.org/W4411786117","https://openalex.org/W4412376043","https://openalex.org/W4412473622","https://openalex.org/W4413846475","https://openalex.org/W4414162256","https://openalex.org/W4416998508","https://openalex.org/W4416998510","https://openalex.org/W7131877764","https://openalex.org/W7133658845","https://openalex.org/W7155012646","https://openalex.org/W7161767742","https://openalex.org/W7162075523","https://openalex.org/W7163333725","https://openalex.org/W7213553044","https://openalex.org/W7213919077","https://openalex.org/W7214086580","https://openalex.org/W7220904300"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7140475861","https://openalex.org/W7118556611","https://openalex.org/W7220904300","https://openalex.org/W7220930710","https://openalex.org/W4405233939","https://openalex.org/W7211902275","https://openalex.org/W7135030572","https://openalex.org/W7203827572","https://openalex.org/W7220992961","https://openalex.org/W4404467941"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Aldosterone":[0],"dysregulation":[1],"links":[2],"persistent":[3],"hypertension":[4,142,167],"with":[5,71,96],"sodium":[6],"retention,":[7],"inflammation,":[8],"fibrosis,":[9],"and":[10,24,37,52,62,73,109,132,154,165],"cardiovascular\u2013kidney\u2013metabolic":[11],"(CKM)":[12],"injury.":[13],"This":[14],"narrative":[15],"review":[16,39],"examines":[17],"traditional":[18],"mineralocorticoid":[19,113],"receptor":[20,114],"antagonists":[21,115],"(spironolactone,":[22],"eplerenone,":[23],"finerenone)":[25],"alongside":[26],"selective":[27],"aldosterone":[28,131],"synthase":[29],"inhibitors":[30],"(ASIs)":[31],"targeting":[32],"CYP11B2.":[33],"Focused":[34],"literature":[35],"searches":[36],"trial-registry":[38],"through":[40],"November":[41],"5,":[42],"2026":[43],"informed":[44],"a":[45],"critical":[46],"synthesis":[47],"of":[48,80,140],"pharmacology,":[49],"phase":[50,53],"2":[51],"3":[54],"antihypertensive":[55],"trials,":[56],"chronic":[57],"kidney":[58,98],"disease":[59],"studies,":[60],"safety,":[61],"clinical":[63],"positioning.":[64],"Randomized":[65],"trials":[66],"show":[67],"additional":[68],"blood-pressure":[69],"lowering":[70],"baxdrostat":[72],"lorundrostat,":[74],"while":[75],"the":[76,137,144],"negative":[77],"primary":[78,119],"endpoint":[79],"HALO":[81],"cautions":[82],"against":[83],"unqualified":[84],"extrapolation.":[85],"Early":[86],"studies":[87],"suggest":[88],"reductions":[89],"in":[90,163],"albuminuria":[91],"when":[92],"ASIs":[93],"are":[94],"used":[95],"guideline-directed":[97],"therapy,":[99],"including":[100],"sodium\u2013glucose":[101],"cotransporter-2":[102],"inhibitors,":[103],"but":[104],"durable":[105],"cardiorenal":[106],"outcome":[107],"benefits":[108],"comparative":[110],"superiority":[111],"over":[112],"remain":[116],"unproven.":[117],"Suspected":[118],"aldosteronism":[120],"requires":[121],"appropriate":[122],"biochemical":[123],"evaluation":[124],"before":[125],"starting":[126],"agents":[127],"that":[128],"may":[129],"alter":[130],"renin":[133],"measurements.":[134],"In":[135],"Mexico,":[136],"substantial":[138],"burden":[139],"uncontrolled":[141,164],"underscores":[143],"need":[145],"for":[146],"validated":[147],"patient":[148],"selection,":[149],"electrolyte":[150],"monitoring,":[151],"equitable":[152],"access,":[153],"implementation":[155],"research.":[156],"Selective":[157],"CYP11B2":[158],"inhibition":[159],"expands":[160],"therapeutic":[161],"options":[162],"resistant":[166],"without":[168],"displacing":[169],"established":[170],"receptor-antagonist":[171],"indications":[172],"or":[173],"proven":[174],"CKM":[175],"care.":[176]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}
