{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225617693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104943","title":"Protocol for reversible induction of hyposmia in rats using intranasal gadolinium chloride administration","display_name":"Protocol for reversible induction of hyposmia in rats using intranasal gadolinium chloride administration","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225617693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104943","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/43002545"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104943","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104943","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212477","display_name":"STAR Protocols","issn_l":"2666-1667","issn":["2666-1667"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"STAR Protocols","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104943","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121012079","display_name":"Wiktoria Podolecka","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16778253","display_name":"Instytut Biologii Do\u015bwiadczalnej im. Marcelego Nenckiego","ror":"https://ror.org/04waf7p94","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16778253","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99542240","display_name":"Polish Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01dr6c206","country_code":"PL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wiktoria Podolecka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16778253","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020160223","display_name":"Mark Jeremy Hunt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7741-2191","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7741-2191"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I16778253","display_name":"Instytut Biologii Do\u015bwiadczalnej im. Marcelego Nenckiego","ror":"https://ror.org/04waf7p94","country_code":"PL","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I16778253","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99542240","display_name":"Polish Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/01dr6c206","country_code":"PL","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}],"countries":["PL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mark Jeremy Hunt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: m.hunt@nencki.edu.pl"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7741-2191","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology of Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteur Street, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland. Electronic address: m.hunt@nencki.edu.pl","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16778253","https://openalex.org/I99542240"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5020160223"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I16778253","https://openalex.org/I99542240"],"apc_list":{"value":1550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1550},"apc_paid":{"value":1550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1550},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"4","first_page":"104943","last_page":"104943"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10971","display_name":"Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2809","display_name":"Sensory Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10971","display_name":"Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2809","display_name":"Sensory Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11204","display_name":"Ion Channels and Receptors","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2809","display_name":"Sensory Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13738","display_name":"Congenital Ear and Nasal Anomalies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2716","display_name":"Genetics (clinical)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyposmia","display_name":"hyposmia","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/olfactory-dysfunction","display_name":"olfactory dysfunction","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gadolinium-chloride","display_name":"gadolinium chloride","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intranasal-administration","display_name":"intranasal administration","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/olfactory-recovery","display_name":"olfactory recovery","score":0.5920000076293945}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85663871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6966562","display_name":"Nasal administration","level":2,"score":0.8425999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6912000179290771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C557651011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1832","display_name":"Gadolinium","level":2,"score":0.6894000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776622722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1641423","display_name":"Hyposmia","level":5,"score":0.6777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42219234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131130","display_name":"Anesthesia","level":1,"score":0.49790000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413918","display_name":"Isoflurane","level":2,"score":0.4408000111579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.40610000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780765947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12033531","display_name":"Administration (probate law)","level":2,"score":0.32030001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776886281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209704","display_name":"Olfactory nerve","level":4,"score":0.3158999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24998067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4114622","display_name":"Stimulation","level":2,"score":0.2809999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201792869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054094","display_name":"Olfactory system","level":2,"score":0.2736999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.26820001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25938499","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7663812","display_name":"Systemic administration","level":3,"score":0.26510000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778695967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44791900","display_name":"Chloride","level":2,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778117688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q264024","display_name":"Animal model","level":2,"score":0.25699999928474426}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104943","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104943","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212477","display_name":"STAR Protocols","issn_l":"2666-1667","issn":["2666-1667"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"STAR Protocols","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:43002545","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/43002545","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"STAR protocols","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104943","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xpro.2026.104943","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210212477","display_name":"STAR Protocols","issn_l":"2666-1667","issn":["2666-1667"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-20","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"STAR Protocols","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8371999859809875,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322511","display_name":"Narodowe Centrum Nauki","ror":"https://ror.org/03ha2q922"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":7,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1982360321","https://openalex.org/W1998905335","https://openalex.org/W2009090941","https://openalex.org/W2115553868","https://openalex.org/W2170439999","https://openalex.org/W2617614562","https://openalex.org/W7154459580"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2965307547","https://openalex.org/W2129288717","https://openalex.org/W1998905335","https://openalex.org/W2066468679","https://openalex.org/W1986888521","https://openalex.org/W4249962365","https://openalex.org/W2052925501","https://openalex.org/W2802646995","https://openalex.org/W166119783","https://openalex.org/W2115553868"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Here,":[0],"we":[1],"present":[2],"a":[3],"protocol":[4],"for":[5,22,40],"intranasal":[6,28],"administration":[7,64],"of":[8,77],"gadolinium":[9,24],"chloride":[10,25],"in":[11,56],"adult":[12],"rats":[13],"to":[14,73],"induce":[15],"transient":[16],"olfactory":[17],"dysfunction.":[18],"We":[19,36],"describe":[20],"steps":[21],"preparing":[23],"solution,":[26],"bilateral":[27],"infusion":[29],"under":[30],"isoflurane":[31],"anesthesia,":[32],"and":[33,43,65],"post-infusion":[34],"stabilization.":[35],"then":[37,71],"detail":[38],"procedures":[39],"animal":[41],"monitoring":[42],"behavioral":[44],"assessment":[45],"using":[46],"the":[47,61],"hidden":[48],"cookie":[49],"test.":[50],"The":[51],"procedure":[52],"produces":[53],"reproducible":[54],"impairment":[55],"olfactory-guided":[57,78],"food-seeking":[58],"behavior,":[59],"detectable":[60],"day":[62],"after":[63],"lasting":[66],"7":[67],"days.":[68],"Behavioral":[69],"performance":[70],"returns":[72],"baseline,":[74],"indicating":[75],"recovery":[76],"function.":[79]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}