{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225616377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7273/000008728","title":"Anthesis dynamics and intra-cluster position effects on fruit quality in Washington apples","display_name":"Anthesis dynamics and intra-cluster position effects on fruit quality in Washington apples","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225616377","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7273/000008728"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.7273/000008728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7273/000008728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7273/000008728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053376","display_name":"Washington State University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I72951846","host_organization_name":"Washington State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.7273/000008728","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161349408","display_name":"Sarah Elizabeth Gruntmeir","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gruntmeir, Sarah Elizabeth","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5161349408"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11546","display_name":"Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11546","display_name":"Plant Physiology and Cultivation Studies","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10473","display_name":"Postharvest Quality and Shelf Life Management","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11796","display_name":"Horticultural and Viticultural Research","score":0.00039999998989515007,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flower-position","display_name":"flower position","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-size","display_name":"fruit size","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-damage","display_name":"fruit damage","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/starch-index","display_name":"starch index","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-maturity","display_name":"fruit maturity","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gala","display_name":"Gala","score":0.453000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/honeycrisp","display_name":"Honeycrisp","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/washington-apples","display_name":"Washington apples","score":0.7950000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-quality","display_name":"fruit quality","score":0.5249999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cultivar-differences","display_name":"cultivar differences","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trunk-orientation","display_name":"trunk orientation","score":0.4650000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/early-thinning","display_name":"early thinning","score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fruit-development","display_name":"fruit development","score":0.3700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harvest-quality","display_name":"harvest quality","score":0.5299999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780512892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q593803","display_name":"Anthesis","level":3,"score":0.8902999758720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155567681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2987425","display_name":"Bloom","level":2,"score":0.7468000054359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.7443000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168197293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134624","display_name":"Pollination","level":3,"score":0.67330002784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781353100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1266974","display_name":"Thinning","level":2,"score":0.631600022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5210999846458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.4699000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102789151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1141466","display_name":"Pollinator","level":4,"score":0.4666000008583069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777273600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1470944","display_name":"Fructification","level":2,"score":0.46639999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.3682999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.3456999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1735426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7096401","display_name":"Open pollination","level":4,"score":0.31119999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777742739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46299","display_name":"Rosaceae","level":2,"score":0.30329999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75639521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283519","display_name":"Field experiment","level":2,"score":0.27630001306533813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39807119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134228","display_name":"Tree canopy","level":3,"score":0.2669999897480011}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.7273/000008728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7273/000008728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7273/000008728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053376","display_name":"Washington State University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I72951846","host_organization_name":"Washington State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.7273/000008728","doi":"https://doi.org/10.7273/000008728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.7273/000008728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053376","display_name":"Washington State University","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I72951846","host_organization_name":"Washington State University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I72951846"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7142999768257141,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2767339126","https://openalex.org/W2337240653","https://openalex.org/W2073113842","https://openalex.org/W276353023","https://openalex.org/W1799182314","https://openalex.org/W3033643445","https://openalex.org/W2980092344","https://openalex.org/W3041783898","https://openalex.org/W2286577626","https://openalex.org/W2332964045"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Apple":[0],"fruit":[1,39,44,256,267,288,304,321,341,371,392,422],"quality":[2,48,357,423],"is":[3],"shaped":[4],"by":[5,61,290,308],"events":[6],"occurring":[7],"early":[8,37,238,413],"in":[9,49,58,83,92,127,139,148,182,188,231,264,273,279,315,319,322,335,339,342,349,368,404],"development,":[10,45,393],"including":[11],"the":[12,20,89,100,151,158,161,173,191,210,224,249,300],"spatial":[13,80,144],"and":[14,22,36,46,73,184,234,286,292,377,412],"temporal":[15],"pattern":[16,145],"of":[17,88,103,112,125,160,175,194,356],"bloom":[18,104,153,207,405],"within":[19,27,223,299,418],"canopy":[21,68,94],"competitive":[23,416],"interactions":[24],"among":[25],"flowers":[26,91,177,196,216],"clusters.":[28,281],"This":[29,203],"work":[30],"examined":[31],"how":[32],"within-tree":[33],"anthesis":[34,65],"dynamics":[35,417],"intra-cluster":[38,239],"selection":[40],"influence":[41,391],"pollination":[42,171,212,409],"opportunity,":[43,213],"harvest":[47],"modern":[50],"Washington":[51],"apple":[52],"orchards.":[53],"Bloom":[54],"progression":[55],"was":[56,146,154,326],"quantified":[57],"\u2018WA":[59,235,350],"38\u2019":[60,236,351],"monitoring":[62],"individual":[63],"flower":[64,247,430],"dates":[66],"across":[67],"height":[69],"zones,":[70],"cluster":[71,301],"positions,":[72],"trunk":[74],"orientation.":[75],"Anthesis":[76],"followed":[77],"a":[78,168,242,296,353,428],"clear":[79],"structure,":[81],"especially":[82],"2022,":[84,266],"when":[85,408],"about":[86],"half":[87],"king":[90,244,298,316,336],"lower":[93,309],"zones":[95,119,128,140],"(1\u20132)":[96],"were":[97],"open":[98,195,219],"on":[99,131,179,185],"first":[101],"day":[102],"(April":[105,163],"25),":[106],"compared":[107,136,258],"with":[108,137,329,359],"fewer":[109],"than":[110],"16%":[111],"lateral":[113,246,320,340,347],"flowers.":[114],"In":[115,345],"that":[116,205,217,388],"year,":[117],"lower-canopy":[118],"also":[120],"opened":[121],"earlier":[122],"overall:":[123],"58\u201369%":[124],"openings":[126],"1\u20133":[129],"occurred":[130],"April":[132,180],"26":[133],"to":[134,198,241,259,276,295],"29":[135],"36\u201338%":[138],"5\u20136.":[141],"A":[142],"similar":[143],"observed":[147],"2023,":[149,189],"although":[150],"initial":[152],"less":[155],"concentrated":[156],"at":[157,248,401],"beginning":[159],"period":[162],"29).":[164],"When":[165],"assessed":[166],"using":[167],"three-day":[169],"effective":[170,225],"period,":[172],"number":[174,193],"receptive":[176,226],"peaked":[178],"27":[181],"2022":[183],"May":[186],"3":[187],"while":[190],"total":[192],"continued":[197],"increase":[199],"after":[200],"these":[201,385],"dates.":[202],"indicates":[204],"visual":[206],"can":[208,410],"overestimate":[209],"actual":[211],"since":[214],"many":[215],"appear":[218],"are":[220,397],"no":[221],"longer":[222],"window.":[227],"Additional":[228],"field":[229],"trials":[230],"\u2018Gala\u2019,":[232],"\u2018Honeycrisp\u2019,":[233],"evaluated":[237],"thinning":[240,253,414],"single":[243,297,429],"or":[245],"pink":[250],"stage.":[251],"Early":[252],"consistently":[254,426],"increased":[255,269],"size":[257],"un-thinned":[260,274],"trees,":[261],"for":[262],"example,":[263],"\u2018Gala\u2019":[265,323,343],"weight":[268],"from":[270],"83.7":[271],"g":[272,278],"trees":[275],"167":[277],"king-retained":[280],"However,":[282],"differences":[283],"between":[284],"king-":[285],"lateral-retained":[287],"varied":[289],"cultivar":[291],"year.":[293],"Thinning":[294],"occasionally":[302],"advanced":[303],"maturity,":[305],"as":[306],"reflected":[307],"starch":[310],"index":[311],"values":[312],"(i.e.,":[313,333],"4.99":[314],"versus":[317,337,366,374,381],"5.81":[318],"2023),":[324],"but":[325,394],"sometimes":[327],"associated":[328],"higher":[330,360],"damage":[331],"incidence":[332],"22.4%":[334],"7.9%":[338],"2022).":[344],"contrast,":[346],"retention":[348],"produced":[352],"favorable":[354],"combination":[355],"traits,":[358],"soluble":[361],"solids":[362],"(14.8":[363],"\u00b0":[364],"Brix":[365],"13.7":[367],"king),":[369],"larger":[370],"(86.9":[372],"mm":[373],"83.0":[375],"mm),":[376],"greater":[378],"firmness":[379],"(18.8":[380],"16.9":[382],"lb).":[383],"Together,":[384],"results":[386],"show":[387],"early-season":[389],"processes":[390],"their":[395],"effects":[396],"not":[398,425],"expressed":[399],"uniformly":[400],"harvest.":[402],"Differences":[403],"timing":[406],"determine":[407],"occur,":[411],"alters":[415],"clusters,":[419],"yet":[420],"final":[421],"does":[424],"reflect":[427],"position":[431],"producing":[432],"superior":[433],"fruit.":[434]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}