{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225612586","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24088564","title":"Titan Vs NIST. A cross valdation Study","display_name":"Titan Vs NIST. A cross valdation Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225612586","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24088564"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24088564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24088564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24088564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24088564","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5134050525","display_name":"S Ravichandran Ayyer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6094-2534","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6094-2534"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ayyer, S Ravichandran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Independent  Researcher"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6094-2534","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Independent  Researcher","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5134050525"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10951","display_name":"Cryptographic Implementations and Security","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2607","display_name":"Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nist-sp-800-22","display_name":"NIST SP 800-22","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-randomness-testing","display_name":"statistical randomness testing","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aes-256","display_name":"AES-256","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feistel-cipher","display_name":"Feistel cipher","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecb-mode","display_name":"ECB mode","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ctr-mode","display_name":"CTR mode","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/serial-correlation-test","display_name":"serial correlation test","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chi-square-test","display_name":"chi-square test","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reproducibility","display_name":"reproducibility","score":0.4860000014305115}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50805821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136670","display_name":"Titan (rocket family)","level":2,"score":0.4625999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4602999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4311999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.4307999908924103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89694405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7540343","display_name":"Slide attack","level":5,"score":0.40380001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3917999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87007009","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210832","display_name":"Statistical hypothesis testing","level":2,"score":0.36169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780221543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4681865","display_name":"Cipher","level":3,"score":0.3481999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.3481000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111219384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6954384","display_name":"NIST","level":2,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.29170000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.29010000824928284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181149355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897511","display_name":"Cryptanalysis","level":3,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.28209999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64119674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7380031","display_name":"Running key cipher","level":4,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65409693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q425265","display_name":"Statistical significance","level":2,"score":0.2590000033378601}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24088564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24088564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24088564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24088565","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24088565","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24088565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24088564","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24088564","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24088564","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7098113499","https://openalex.org/W7108477815","https://openalex.org/W2954613647","https://openalex.org/W7110616042","https://openalex.org/W2969341853","https://openalex.org/W4240963859","https://openalex.org/W4231341859","https://openalex.org/W7095631975","https://openalex.org/W2156417494","https://openalex.org/W2748928085"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"New":[0],"cipher-evaluation":[1,280],"toolkits":[2,33,73],"are":[3,11],"often":[4],"published":[5],"without":[6],"evidence":[7],"that":[8,137,161,176,202,212,253],"their":[9],"verdicts":[10],"correct.":[12],"This":[13],"paper":[14],"calibrates":[15],"TITAN,":[16],"a":[17,46,52,67,135,158,166,199,274,295],"42-test,":[18],"14-category":[19],"toolkit":[20],"developed":[21],"in":[22,79,148,219,239,244],"India,":[23],"against":[24],"the":[25,40,57,70,105,124,204,249,260,286],"NIST":[26,284],"SP":[27],"800-22":[28],"statistical":[29,75,306],"test":[30,154,160,201],"suite.":[31],"Both":[32],"were":[34],"applied":[35],"to":[36,206,271],"two":[37,197,250,287],"ciphers:":[38],"AES-256,":[39],"accepted":[41],"reference,":[42],"and":[43,97,123,131,173,189,209,233,242,263,268,289,294],"Atom-Ocean":[44,98,132,234],"v2,":[45],"64-bit,":[47],"8-round":[48],"Feistel":[49],"cipher":[50,64,182,256],"with":[51,142,283,292],"256-bit":[53],"key":[54],"proposed":[55],"by":[56,156],"author.":[58],"A":[59,191],"deliberately":[60],"weak":[61,112,261,296],"repeating-key":[62],"XOR":[63,262],"served":[65],"as":[66],"negative":[68],"control.On":[69],"property":[71],"both":[72,236],"measure,":[74],"randomness,":[76],"they":[77,299],"agreed":[78],"all":[80],"four":[81,93,146],"ciphertoolkit":[82],"cases.":[83],"Under":[84],"NIST,":[85],"AES-256":[86,128,232],"passed":[87,100,114],"44":[88,90,103],"of":[89,102,116,310],"statistics":[91],"across":[92],"independent":[94],"runs":[95,228],"(100%)":[96],"v2":[99,133,188,235],"43":[101],"(97.7%);":[104],"single":[106],"miss":[107],"lay":[108],"within":[109],"chance.":[110],"The":[111,180],"control":[113,297],"0":[115],"11.":[117],"Across":[118],"118":[119],"validated":[120],"measurements":[121],"(NIST":[122],"corrected":[125],"TITAN":[126,187],"v3.1),":[127,225],"scored":[129,237,266],"98.3%":[130],"97.5%,":[134],"difference":[136],"is":[138,273],"not":[139,308],"statistically":[140],"meaningful.Calibration":[141],"AES":[143,216,293],"also":[144],"exposed":[145],"defects":[147],"TITAN's":[149],"non-randomness":[150],"categories:":[151],"an":[152],"ECB":[153,245,255],"defeated":[155],"padding,":[157],"diffusion":[159],"depends":[162],"on":[163],"message":[164],"length,":[165],"byte-level":[167],"threshold":[168],"set":[169],"for":[170,277],"bit-level":[171],"data,":[172],"fixed":[174],"thresholds":[175],"give":[177],"unstable":[178],"verdicts.":[179],"same":[181],"received":[183],"grade":[184,190],"C":[185],"under":[186,192],"v3.":[193],"Further":[194],"checks":[195],"found":[196],"more:":[198],"serial":[200],"misapplies":[203],"chi-square":[205],"overlapping":[207],"patterns,":[208],"timing":[210],"tests":[211,252,304],"flag":[213],"even":[214],"constant-time":[215],"when":[217],"run":[218],"Python.":[220],"After":[221],"seven":[222],"corrections":[223],"(TITAN":[224],"three":[226],"repeated":[227],"gave":[229],"identical":[230],"grades:":[231],"A+":[238],"CTR":[240],"mode":[241],"B":[243],"mode,":[246],"failing":[247],"only":[248],"ECB-mode":[251],"any":[254,279],"should":[257],"fail,":[258],"while":[259],"Caesar":[264],"controls":[265],"D":[267],"F.The":[269],"contribution":[270],"cryptology":[272],"reproducible":[275],"method":[276],"validating":[278],"toolkit:":[281],"agreement":[282],"where":[285,298],"overlap,":[288],"known-answer":[290],"calibration":[291],"do":[300],"not.":[301],"Passing":[302],"these":[303],"shows":[305],"soundness,":[307],"proof":[309],"Cryptography":[311],"security":[312]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-10T00:00:00"}