{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225577920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11206268/v1","title":"Individualized Offers and the Measurement of Consumer Inertia: Evidence from Auto Insurance","display_name":"Individualized Offers and the Measurement of Consumer Inertia: Evidence from Auto Insurance","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225577920","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11206268/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11206268/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11206268/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11206268/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-11206268/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-11206268/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088026361","display_name":"Helena Perrone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9388-1561","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9388-1561"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129162050","display_name":"TBS Education","ror":"https://ror.org/0349y2q65","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129162050"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Helena Perrone","raw_affiliation_strings":["TBS Education"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TBS Education","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129162050"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161272029","display_name":"Fabricio Valiati","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabricio Valiati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Agila Haustierversicherung AG"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Agila Haustierversicherung AG","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.007899999618530273,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10841","display_name":"Economic and Environmental Valuation","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/consumer-inertia","display_name":"consumer inertia","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auto-insurance","display_name":"automobile insurance","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insurance-renewal","display_name":"insurance renewal","score":0.6230000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-sensitivity","display_name":"price sensitivity","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-estimation","display_name":"demand estimation","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/price-responsiveness","display_name":"price responsiveness","score":0.5509999990463257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778097690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5413797","display_name":"Euros","level":2,"score":0.7332000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.6072999835014343},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.5799000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5412999987602234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.5092999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.474700003862381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780009758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804172","display_name":"Measure (data warehouse)","level":2,"score":0.4325000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68799949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q977871","display_name":"Insurance policy","level":2,"score":0.3513000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163839840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5104043","display_name":"Choice set","level":2,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992945734","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1068361","display_name":"Automobile insurance","level":2,"score":0.32339999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58489278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172284","display_name":"Data set","level":2,"score":0.3127000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018006300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4402708","display_name":"Consumer demand","level":2,"score":0.30250000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.29679998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776314989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q833495","display_name":"Consumer choice","level":2,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020299011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q626608","display_name":"Life insurance","level":2,"score":0.2870999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113336015","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574010","display_name":"Complete information","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11206268/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11206268/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11206268/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-11206268/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-11206268/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11206268/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-11206268/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-11206268/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225577920.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225577920.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7113684379","https://openalex.org/W4414032065","https://openalex.org/W2542678344","https://openalex.org/W6889697532","https://openalex.org/W3128269385","https://openalex.org/W1987809464","https://openalex.org/W2043959845","https://openalex.org/W3125115177","https://openalex.org/W4401919656","https://openalex.org/W3124902414"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Demand":[1],"estimates":[2],"can":[3,146],"overstate":[4],"consumer":[5,154],"inertia":[6],"when":[7],"researchers":[8],"do":[9],"not":[10],"observe":[11],"the":[12,32,41,44,55,71,74,85,111,136,139],"alternatives":[13],"and":[14,35,67,153],"prices":[15,66,94],"available":[16],"to":[17,106,123],"each":[18,97],"consumer.":[19],"We":[20,49],"study":[21],"this":[22,104],"issue":[23],"using":[24],"auto":[25],"insurance":[26],"renewal":[27],"data":[28,52],"that":[29],"record":[30],"both":[31],"chosen":[33],"contract":[34],"all":[36],"insurer":[37],"quotes":[38],"returned":[39],"for":[40],"policyholder,":[42],"including":[43],"premiums":[45,91],"on":[46,64],"alternative":[47,65,90],"offers.":[48],"exploit":[50],"these":[51],"by":[53],"estimating":[54],"same":[56],"demand":[57],"model":[58],"as":[59],"we":[60],"sequentially":[61],"remove":[62],"information":[63,145],"consumer-specific":[68,112],"availability.":[69],"With":[70],"observed":[72,99],"offers,":[73],"premium-equivalent":[75],"incumbency":[76,141],"effect":[77],"is":[78],"about":[79,107,124],"106":[80],"euros":[81],"or":[82],"19%":[83],"of":[84],"mean":[86],"annual":[87],"premium.":[88],"Replacing":[89,110],"with":[92,115],"predicted":[93],"while":[95,135],"holding":[96],"consumer's":[98],"offer":[100,113],"set":[101,114,119],"fixed":[102],"raises":[103,120,138],"measure":[105],"183":[108],"euros.":[109,126],"a":[116],"common":[117],"market-level":[118],"it":[121],"further":[122],"232":[125],"The":[127],"first":[128],"step":[129],"mainly":[130],"reduces":[131],"estimated":[132,140],"price":[133,151],"sensitivity,":[134],"second":[137],"effect.":[142],"Missing":[143],"offer-level":[144],"therefore":[147],"substantially":[148],"affect":[149],"measured":[150],"responsiveness":[152],"inertia.":[155],"JEL":[156],"Codes:":[157],"D12,":[158],"D83,":[159],"G22,":[160],"L11,":[161],"M31":[162]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-11-09T00:00:00"}
