{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225520949","doi":null,"title":"Numerical Evaluation of Factor of Safety (FOS) and Anchor Pile Arrangement for Slope Stability Using GeoStudio (SLOPE/W)","display_name":"Numerical Evaluation of Factor of Safety (FOS) and Anchor Pile Arrangement for Slope Stability Using GeoStudio (SLOPE/W)","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225520949"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:periodical.uthm.edu.my:article/24708","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://periodical.uthm.edu.my/index.php/peat/article/view/24708","pdf_url":"https://periodical.uthm.edu.my/index.php/peat/article/download/24708/7616","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393919560","display_name":"Progress in Engineering Application and Technology","issn_l":"2773-5303","issn":["2773-5303"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I930072361","host_organization_name":"Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2773-5303","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://periodical.uthm.edu.my/index.php/peat/article/download/24708/7616","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161198185","display_name":"Siti Nuramifarisya Mokhadis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I930072361","display_name":"Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/01c5wha71","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Siti Nuramifarisya Mokhadis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013357185","display_name":"Salina Sani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I930072361","display_name":"Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/01c5wha71","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salina Sani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161193013","display_name":"Zaharah Mamat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405277631","display_name":"Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi MARA Sri Gading","ror":"https://ror.org/03e0cn851","country_code":"MY","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405277631"]}],"countries":["MY"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zaharah Mamat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi Mara Sri Gading"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kolej Kemahiran Tinggi Mara Sri Gading","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405277631"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11046","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11046","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Analysis","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11375","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Stabilization","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10233","display_name":"Geotechnical Engineering and Soil Mechanics","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slope-stability","display_name":"slope stability","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safety-factor","display_name":"safety factor","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-nailing","display_name":"soil nailing","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morgenstern-price-method","display_name":"Morgenstern-Price method","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-grading","display_name":"soil gradation","score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cohesion-and-internal-friction-angle","display_name":"cohesion and friction angle","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/slope-gradient","display_name":"slope gradient","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pull-out-resistance","display_name":"pullout resistance","score":0.6610000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retaining-structures","display_name":"retaining structures","score":0.9190000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landslide-prevention","display_name":"landslide prevention","score":0.4429999887943268}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110069353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q961278","display_name":"Slope stability","level":2,"score":0.7286999821662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104054115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216828","display_name":"Cohesion (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6977999806404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119560385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193850","display_name":"Pile","level":2,"score":0.6638000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778702308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7398642","display_name":"Safety factor","level":2,"score":0.5963000059127808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17116066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2034862","display_name":"Factor of safety","level":2,"score":0.5544999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107924113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q961278","display_name":"Slope stability analysis","level":3,"score":0.5436000227928162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5008999705314636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992277244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82580","display_name":"Friction angle","level":2,"score":0.48919999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992072643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167903","display_name":"Slope failure","level":3,"score":0.4648999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.4526999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167660697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q961278","display_name":"Slope stability probability classification","level":4,"score":0.3995000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993762326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2339413","display_name":"Steep slope","level":2,"score":0.3806999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.37790000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.30000001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C500300565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925667","display_name":"Computer simulation","level":2,"score":0.2971999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.29260000586509705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018344627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1925224","display_name":"Failure mechanism","level":2,"score":0.28630000352859497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186295008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167903","display_name":"Landslide","level":2,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2696000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:periodical.uthm.edu.my:article/24708","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://periodical.uthm.edu.my/index.php/peat/article/view/24708","pdf_url":"https://periodical.uthm.edu.my/index.php/peat/article/download/24708/7616","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393919560","display_name":"Progress in Engineering Application and Technology","issn_l":"2773-5303","issn":["2773-5303"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I930072361","host_organization_name":"Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2773-5303","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:periodical.uthm.edu.my:article/24708","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://periodical.uthm.edu.my/index.php/peat/article/view/24708","pdf_url":"https://periodical.uthm.edu.my/index.php/peat/article/download/24708/7616","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4393919560","display_name":"Progress in Engineering Application and Technology","issn_l":"2773-5303","issn":["2773-5303"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I930072361","host_organization_name":"Tun Hussein Onn University of Malaysia","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I930072361"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2773-5303","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310112","display_name":"Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia","ror":"https://ror.org/01c5wha71"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225520949.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225520949.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2043705514","https://openalex.org/W2591655070","https://openalex.org/W3109847187","https://openalex.org/W4281487759","https://openalex.org/W4390341768","https://openalex.org/W4391530486","https://openalex.org/W4399885684","https://openalex.org/W4406787540","https://openalex.org/W4411226086"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4400869173","https://openalex.org/W2797027670","https://openalex.org/W164608198","https://openalex.org/W7045395084","https://openalex.org/W7148783861","https://openalex.org/W4414734566","https://openalex.org/W2922268659","https://openalex.org/W3116719689","https://openalex.org/W2957694955","https://openalex.org/W3167335012"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Slope":[0],"stability":[1,105,226,276],"is":[2,116,281],"an":[3],"important":[4],"issue":[5],"that":[6,101,156,249,258,269],"should":[7],"be":[8],"prioritized":[9],"in":[10],"construction":[11],"engineering":[12],"because":[13],"unstable":[14,167],"slopes":[15,215,279,285],"can":[16,102],"cause":[17],"landslides,":[18],"property":[19],"damage":[20],"and":[21,37,60,73,92,95,119,127,138,172,190,210,218,227],"risks":[22],"to":[23,33,85,93,135,142,146],"human":[24],"life.":[25],"In":[26],"Malaysia,":[27],"slope":[28,35,43,68,104,114,121,151,275],"failures":[29],"often":[30],"happen":[31],"due":[32],"steep":[34,246],"cuts":[36],"weak":[38],"soil.":[39],"This":[40,75],"study":[41,76,267],"investigates":[42],"performance":[44],"under":[45],"different":[46],"soil":[47],"conditions,":[48,168],"including":[49],"poorly":[50,157],"graded":[51,158],"soils,":[52],"medium\u2011dense":[53],"sand,":[54,57],"dense":[55],"silty":[56],"well\u2011graded":[58],"sands,":[59],"well\u2011compacted":[61],"soils":[62,159,171],"or":[63],"rock,":[64],"combined":[65],"with":[66,81,110],"varying":[67],"angles":[69,122],"of":[70,89,188,193,199,216,222,235],"30\u00b0,":[71,125],"60\u00b0,":[72,219],"90\u00b0.":[74,128],"used":[77],"GeoStudio":[78],"software":[79],"(SLOPE/W)":[80],"the":[82,87,107,204,220,229,232,240,255],"Morgenstern-Price":[83],"method":[84],"find":[86],"Factor":[88],"Safety":[90],"(FOS)":[91],"propose":[94],"optimize":[96],"anchor":[97,270],"pile":[98,180,271],"system":[99,181],"arrangement":[100],"improve":[103],"for":[106,196,244,277,283],"condition":[108,198],"examined":[109],"external":[111],"load.":[112],"The":[113,153,201],"height":[115],"six":[117],"meters,":[118],"three":[120],"were":[123,144,252,263],"studied,":[124],"60\u00b0":[126],"Soil":[129],"properties":[130],"such":[131],"as":[132,237],"cohesion":[133],"(0":[134],"20":[136],"kPa)":[137],"friction":[139,209],"angle":[140,187],"(5\u00b0":[141],"45\u00b0)":[143],"varied":[145],"evaluation":[147],"their":[148],"effects":[149],"on":[150,208],"stability.":[152],"results":[154],"showed":[155],"had":[160],"very":[161,245],"low":[162],"FOS":[163,176,205,230],"values,":[164,177],"0.130":[165],"indicating":[166],"while":[169],"well-compacted":[170],"rocks":[173],"gave":[174],"higher":[175],"2.897.":[178],"Anchors":[179],"was":[182],"installed":[183],"at":[184],"a":[185,191],"downward":[186],"10\u00b0":[189],"spacing":[192],"3":[194],"meters":[195],"all":[197],"soils.":[200],"anchors":[202,223,250],"increased":[203,225,228],"by":[206,239],"acting":[207],"providing":[211],"pull-out":[212],"resistance.":[213],"For":[214],"30\u00b0":[217],"effect":[221],"shows":[224],"past":[231],"safe":[233],"limit":[234],"1.30,":[236],"required":[238],"JKR":[241],"Guidelines.":[242],"However,":[243],"slopes,":[247],"found":[248],"alone":[251],"not":[253],"sufficient,":[254],"recommendation":[256],"indicated":[257],"other":[259],"methods,":[260],"retaining":[261,288],"structures":[262],"required.":[264,291],"Overall,":[265],"this":[266],"demonstrated":[268],"reinforcement":[272],"significantly":[273],"improves":[274],"moderate":[278],"but":[280],"insufficient":[282],"vertical":[284],"where":[286],"additional":[287],"systems":[289],"are":[290]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-11-08T00:00:00"}
