{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225459790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69978/kr8fkp63","title":"CROSS-DATING OF ROCK ART IN THE LAKE NAM TSO REGION, TIBETAN PLATEAU, INTEGRATING METHODS OF THE NATURAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES","display_name":"CROSS-DATING OF ROCK ART IN THE LAKE NAM TSO REGION, TIBETAN PLATEAU, INTEGRATING METHODS OF THE NATURAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225459790","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69978/kr8fkp63"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:rockartresearch.com:article/854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69978/kr8fkp63","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://rockartresearch.com/index.php/rock/article/view/854","pdf_url":"https://rockartresearch.com/index.php/rock/article/download/854/746","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50685539","display_name":"Rock Art Research","issn_l":"0813-0426","issn":["0813-0426"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"0813-0426","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://rockartresearch.com/index.php/rock/article/download/854/746","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100939578","display_name":"Shi Lanying","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94611258","display_name":"Hebei Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/004rbbw49","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94611258"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shi Lanying","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebei Key Laboratory of East Asian Human Origin and  Civilization Research, School of History and Culture,  Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei Key Laboratory of East Asian Human Origin and  Civilization Research, School of History and Culture,  Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94611258"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5154953386","display_name":"Zhang Haiwei","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87445476","display_name":"Xi'an Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/017zhmm22","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang Haiwei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong  University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Global Environmental Change, Xi\u2019an Jiaotong  University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87445476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092689689","display_name":"Luobu ZhaXi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luobu Zhaxi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Conservation and Research of Tibetan Cultural  Relics, Lhasa, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Conservation and Research of Tibetan Cultural  Relics, Lhasa, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5130786417","display_name":"Shawo Khacham","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shawo Khacham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Chinese Nation Community, Xizang University,  Lhasa, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Chinese Nation Community, Xizang University,  Lhasa, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161215208","display_name":"Pang Ying","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152533","display_name":"Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/04v7yv031","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152533"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pang Ying","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Art, Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics, Lanzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Art, Lanzhou University of Finance and Economics, Lanzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152533"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161236877","display_name":"Shen Yunyao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shen Yunyao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Freelance, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Freelance, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161167709","display_name":"Zhang Jianlin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37802460","display_name":"Northwest University","ror":"https://ror.org/00z3td547","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang Jianlin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Research Centre for Archaeology of the Silk  Roads, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Research Centre for Archaeology of the Silk  Roads, Northwest University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37802460"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5155648819","display_name":"Li Yongxian","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Yongxian","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Chinese Nation Community, Xizang University,  Lhasa, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Chinese Nation Community, Xizang University,  Lhasa, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161146388","display_name":"Wang Junbo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210141476","display_name":"Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03zn6c508","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210141476"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wang Junbo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of  Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of  Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210141476"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024282801","display_name":"Xiage Wangdui","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiage Wangdui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Conservation and Research of Tibetan Cultural  Relics, Lhasa, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Conservation and Research of Tibetan Cultural  Relics, Lhasa, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089018555","display_name":"Tang Huisheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165225704","display_name":"Xizang Minzu University","ror":"https://ror.org/042170a43","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165225704"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94611258","display_name":"Hebei Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/004rbbw49","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94611258"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tang Huisheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebei Key Laboratory of East Asian Human Origin and Civilization Research, School of History and Culture, Hebei  Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China; Key Laboratory  of Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Protection and  Utilisation, Xizang Autonomous Region, Xizang Minzu  University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebei Key Laboratory of East Asian Human Origin and Civilization Research, School of History and Culture, Hebei  Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China; Key Laboratory  of Archaeology and Cultural Heritage Protection and  Utilisation, Xizang Autonomous Region, Xizang Minzu  University, Xianyang, Shaanxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165225704","https://openalex.org/I94611258"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13256","display_name":"Archaeology and Rock Art Studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3302","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13256","display_name":"Archaeology and Rock Art Studies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3302","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10087","display_name":"Archaeology and ancient environmental studies","score":0.0017999999690800905,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3302","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11212","display_name":"Cultural Heritage Materials Analysis","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology (arts and humanities)"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rock-art","display_name":"rock art","score":0.8059999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-dating","display_name":"cross-dating","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tibetan-plateau","display_name":"Tibetan Plateau","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rock-paintings","display_name":"rock paintings","score":0.6520000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petroglyphs","display_name":"petroglyphs","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiocarbon-dating","display_name":"radiocarbon dating","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/u-th-dating","display_name":"U-Th dating","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tibetan-empire","display_name":"Tibetan Empire","score":0.8339999914169312}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501303744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208145","display_name":"Iconography","level":2,"score":0.9477999806404114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776381685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1211146","display_name":"Rock art","level":2,"score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9836676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10450","display_name":"Indus","level":3,"score":0.8529999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.6485000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181536285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130788","display_name":"Chronology","level":2,"score":0.605400025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100134115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173412","display_name":"Radiocarbon dating","level":2,"score":0.5842000246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777802591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149405","display_name":"Rock shelter","level":2,"score":0.4016000032424927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.39480000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195244886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41493","display_name":"Ancient history","level":1,"score":0.3765000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179335157","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223890","display_name":"Maya","level":2,"score":0.35440000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780030769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4968575","display_name":"Plateau (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.35429999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75699723","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q748","display_name":"Buddhism","level":2,"score":0.35030001401901245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779302622","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191431","display_name":"Mandala","level":2,"score":0.34459999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.3400999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31858485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959782","display_name":"Excavation","level":2,"score":0.31850001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.3133000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60671577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210272","display_name":"Cultural heritage","level":2,"score":0.3061999976634979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19320362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777913","display_name":"Carbonate rock","level":3,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541743481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q637284","display_name":"Archaeological science","level":2,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143128703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12554","display_name":"Middle Ages","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4518377","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181260","display_name":"Epigraphy","level":2,"score":0.2590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.2581000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781145905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183127","display_name":"Polychrome","level":2,"score":0.2565000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019337026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q925906","display_name":"Colorado plateau","level":2,"score":0.25429999828338623}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:rockartresearch.com:article/854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69978/kr8fkp63","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://rockartresearch.com/index.php/rock/article/view/854","pdf_url":"https://rockartresearch.com/index.php/rock/article/download/854/746","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50685539","display_name":"Rock Art Research","issn_l":"0813-0426","issn":["0813-0426"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"0813-0426","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:rockartresearch.com:article/854","doi":"https://doi.org/10.69978/kr8fkp63","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://rockartresearch.com/index.php/rock/article/view/854","pdf_url":"https://rockartresearch.com/index.php/rock/article/download/854/746","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S50685539","display_name":"Rock Art Research","issn_l":"0813-0426","issn":["0813-0426"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"0813-0426","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225459790.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225459790.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7216198810","https://openalex.org/W4387464863","https://openalex.org/W4385316644","https://openalex.org/W4409768654","https://openalex.org/W1664424187","https://openalex.org/W2093681433","https://openalex.org/W3127496748","https://openalex.org/W4408191995","https://openalex.org/W4388996348","https://openalex.org/W7097278988"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,213],"rock":[1,32,126,236],"art":[2,33,127],"of":[3,61,106,117,146,177,215,234],"the":[4,59,84,124,144,147,178,194,209],"Tibetan":[5,40,148],"Plateau":[6],"has":[7],"long":[8],"been":[9],"studied":[10],"using":[11],"stylistic":[12,71,223],"and":[13,70,83,95,102,113,150,172,190,224],"iconographic":[14,69,225],"methods,":[15],"with":[16,110,140,222],"absolute":[17],"dates":[18],"remaining":[19],"largely":[20],"elusive.":[21],"In":[22],"August":[23],"2021,":[24],"a":[25,134,231],"multidisciplinary":[26],"team":[27],"surveyed":[28],"more":[29,48],"than":[30,49,201],"60":[31],"localities":[34],"around":[35],"Lake":[36],"Nam":[37],"Tso,":[38],"central":[39],"Plateau,":[41],"recording":[42],"over":[43],"3000":[44],"individual":[45],"images":[46],"at":[47,186],"50":[50],"sites":[51],"on":[52,128],"Tashi":[53,129,187],"Island":[54,130],"alone.":[55],"Here":[56],"we":[57],"report":[58],"results":[60,121],"an":[62],"integrated":[63],"dating":[64,105,221],"program":[65],"that":[66,123,204,218],"combines":[67],"(1)":[68],"analysis,":[72],"(2)":[73],"archaeological":[74],"cross-dating":[75],"against":[76],"well-dated":[77],"objects":[78],"from":[79,184],"Xinjiang,":[80],"Qinghai":[81],"(Dulan)":[82],"Upper":[85,179],"Indus":[86,180],"Valley,":[87],"(3)":[88],"cultural-element":[89],"analysis":[90,116,226],"identifying":[91],"Sogdian,":[92],"Tang":[93,163],"Chinese":[94],"South":[96],"Asian":[97],"motifs,":[98],"(4)":[99],"radiocarbon":[100],"(14C)":[101],"uranium\u2013thorium":[103],"(230Th/234U)":[104],"carbonate":[107],"accretions":[108],"associated":[109],"painted":[111,125],"images,":[112],"(5)":[114],"microerosion":[115],"percussion-made":[118],"petroglyphs.":[119],"Our":[120],"indicate":[122],"is":[131,227],"dominated":[132],"by":[133],"7th\u20138th":[135],"century":[136],"CE":[137],"component,":[138],"contemporary":[139],"or":[141],"just":[142],"preceding":[143],"consolidation":[145],"Empire,":[149],"includes":[151],"elements":[152],"demonstrably":[153],"linked":[154],"to":[155],"Sogdian":[156],"textile":[157],"iconography":[158,176],"(ribboned":[159],"birds,":[160],"paired":[161],"deer),":[162],"court":[164,168],"culture":[165],"(futou-headed":[166],"officials,":[167],"ladies,":[169],"\u2018antler-style\u2019":[170],"trees),":[171],"South-Asian":[173],"Buddhist":[174],"stupa":[175],"type.":[181],"Microerosion":[182],"ages":[183],"petroglyphs":[185,207],"Island,":[188],"Jialinshan":[189],"Xiasang":[191],"fall":[192],"in":[193,208],"range":[195],"c.":[196],"2100\u20131300":[197],"BP,":[198],"substantially":[199],"younger":[200],"previous":[202],"estimates":[203],"placed":[205],"comparable":[206],"third":[210],"millennium":[211],"BP.":[212],"combination":[214],"approaches":[216],"demonstrates":[217],"integrating":[219],"scientific":[220],"essential":[228],"for":[229],"establishing":[230],"robust":[232],"chronology":[233],"high-altitude":[235],"art.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-11-08T00:00:00"}
