{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225459356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-026-01556-1","title":"Participant experiences with overdose prevention centers in New York City: a qualitative exploration","display_name":"Participant experiences with overdose prevention centers in New York City: a qualitative exploration","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225459356","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-026-01556-1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12954-026-01556-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-026-01556-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-026-01556-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S150411170","display_name":"Harm Reduction Journal","issn_l":"1477-7517","issn":["1477-7517"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Harm Reduction Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-026-01556-1","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079274080","display_name":"Hannah L. Helmy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0352-3907","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0352-3907"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334095494","display_name":"New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene","ror":"https://ror.org/01gst4g14","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334095494"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hannah Helmy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), Bureau of Alcohol and Drug Use (BADU), Long Island City, New York City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0352-3907","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), Bureau of Alcohol and Drug Use (BADU), Long Island City, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334095494"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161244269","display_name":"Stacy Christopher","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7462-7151","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7462-7151"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334095494","display_name":"New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene","ror":"https://ror.org/01gst4g14","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334095494"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stacy Christopher","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), Bureau of Alcohol and Drug Use (BADU), Long Island City, New York City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7462-7151","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), Bureau of Alcohol and Drug Use (BADU), Long Island City, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334095494"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101995290","display_name":"A. Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1450-839X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1450-839X","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5999-7288"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334095494","display_name":"New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene","ror":"https://ror.org/01gst4g14","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334095494"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alicia Rodriguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), Bureau of Alcohol and Drug Use (BADU), Long Island City, New York City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), Bureau of Alcohol and Drug Use (BADU), Long Island City, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334095494"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057608355","display_name":"Ren\u00e9e Nicolas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3120-6464","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3120-6464"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334095494","display_name":"New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene","ror":"https://ror.org/01gst4g14","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334095494"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ren\u00e9e Nicolas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), Bureau of Alcohol and Drug Use (BADU), Long Island City, New York City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3120-6464","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), Bureau of Alcohol and Drug Use (BADU), Long Island City, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334095494"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060640449","display_name":"Alex Harocopos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4650-762X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4650-762X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1334095494","display_name":"New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene","ror":"https://ror.org/01gst4g14","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1334095494"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Harocopos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), Bureau of Alcohol and Drug Use (BADU), Long Island City, New York City, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4650-762X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), Bureau of Alcohol and Drug Use (BADU), Long Island City, New York City, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334095494"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079274080"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1334095494"],"apc_list":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"apc_paid":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11860","display_name":"HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11860","display_name":"HIV, Drug Use, Sexual Risk","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10576","display_name":"Opioid Use Disorder Treatment","score":0.004699999932199717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10043","display_name":"Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/participant-experiences","display_name":"participant experiences","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fentanyl-overdose","display_name":"fentanyl overdose","score":0.7739999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harm-reduction","display_name":"harm reduction","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-judgmental-care","display_name":"non-judgmental care","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harm-reduction-education","display_name":"harm reduction education","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-overdose-deaths","display_name":"drug overdose deaths","score":0.5740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-york-city","display_name":"New York City","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-efficacy","display_name":"self-efficacy","score":0.7429999709129333}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529928208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458711","display_name":"Harm reduction","level":3,"score":0.7397000193595886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74196892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7781188","display_name":"Thematic analysis","level":3,"score":0.5907999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5777000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.565500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776654903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2601463","display_name":"SAFER","level":2,"score":0.5187000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779148768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154378","display_name":"Opioid overdose","level":5,"score":0.5026999711990356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.45179998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155164915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1403186","display_name":"Health psychology","level":3,"score":0.4357999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.415800005197525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.38850000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.3675000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777363581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15098235","display_name":"Harm","level":2,"score":0.36489999294281006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.34700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.33340001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16920402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205398","display_name":"Social work","level":2,"score":0.33070001006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776315796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505252","display_name":"Drug overdose","level":3,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202695956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2669680","display_name":"Debriefing","level":2,"score":0.29750001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778903686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60168","display_name":"Heroin","level":3,"score":0.27570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.27309998869895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780877353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518253","display_name":"Health services research","level":3,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67597806","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15407657","display_name":"Layperson","level":2,"score":0.2685999870300293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779328685","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1475557","display_name":"Patient safety","level":3,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.2667999863624573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187155963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029","display_name":"Occupational safety and health","level":2,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.25999999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40010229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3184856","display_name":"Substance abuse","level":2,"score":0.25380000472068787}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12954-026-01556-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-026-01556-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-026-01556-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S150411170","display_name":"Harm Reduction Journal","issn_l":"1477-7517","issn":["1477-7517"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Harm Reduction Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12954-026-01556-1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-026-01556-1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12954-026-01556-1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S150411170","display_name":"Harm Reduction Journal","issn_l":"1477-7517","issn":["1477-7517"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Harm Reduction Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4410957389","https://openalex.org/W4394891509","https://openalex.org/W4410020482","https://openalex.org/W6894241875","https://openalex.org/W4362549452","https://openalex.org/W4316019794","https://openalex.org/W4410313192","https://openalex.org/W7166638091","https://openalex.org/W2981722739","https://openalex.org/W4408650778"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"Although":[2],"New":[3],"York":[4],"City":[5],"(NYC)":[6],"experienced":[7,205],"a":[8,98,127,147,213],"nearly":[9],"30%":[10],"decrease":[11],"in":[12,16,67,94,183,187,208,223],"drug":[13,160],"overdose":[14,19,32,138],"mortality":[15],"2024,":[17],"fentanyl-driven":[18],"deaths":[20],"remain":[21],"high.":[22],"For":[23],"decades,":[24],"European":[25],"nations,":[26],"Australia,":[27],"and":[28,107,139,154,169],"Canada":[29],"have":[30],"adopted":[31],"prevention":[33],"centers":[34],"(OPCs),":[35],"facilities":[36],"where":[37,217],"people":[38],"can":[39],"be":[40],"monitored":[41],"by":[42,211],"trained":[43,218],"staff":[44,219],"following":[45],"consumption":[46],"of":[47,55,77,150,164,201,226,233,249],"previously":[48],"obtained":[49],"substances,":[50],"to":[51,102,178,198],"mitigate":[52,131,199],"the":[53,61,68,75,165,174,202,224,237,240,247],"risk":[54,250],"overdose.":[56],"In":[57],"2021,":[58],"NYC":[59],"opened":[60],"first":[62],"two":[63],"publicly":[64],"recognized":[65],"OPCs":[66,125,182],"United":[69],"States.":[70],"This":[71],"qualitative":[72],"study":[73,189],"explores":[74],"experiences":[76,108,119,235],"participants":[78,90,135,156,186],"using":[79,109,120,206],"these":[80],"facilities.":[81],"Methods":[82],"We":[83,96,113],"conducted":[84,180],"40":[85],"semi-structured,":[86],"in-depth":[87],"interviews":[88],"with":[89,181,193,236],"utilizing":[91],"OPC":[92,110,122,151,194],"services":[93,171,195],"NYC.":[95],"used":[97],"thematic":[99],"analytic":[100],"approach":[101],"understand":[103],"participants\u2019":[104,118,234],"motivations":[105],"for":[106,254],"services.":[111],"Results":[112],"identified":[114],"three":[115],"themes":[116],"from":[117],"NYC\u2019s":[121],"services:":[123],"1)":[124],"are":[126],"safe":[128],"haven":[129],"that":[130,191],"numerous":[132],"drug-related":[133],"harms":[134],"face":[136],"including":[137],"street-based":[140],"violence;":[141],"2)":[142],"compassionate,":[143],"non-judgmental":[144],"care":[145,242],"is":[146],"critical":[148],"component":[149,232],"service":[152],"utilization;":[153],"3)":[155],"often":[157],"adopt":[158],"safer":[159],"use":[161],"practices":[162],"because":[163],"harm":[166],"reduction":[167,251],"education":[168],"supportive":[170],"offered":[172],"at":[173],"sites.":[175],"Conclusions":[176],"Similar":[177],"research":[179],"other":[184,209],"jurisdictions,":[185],"this":[188],"reported":[190],"engaging":[192],"enabled":[196],"them":[197],"many":[200],"risks":[203],"they":[204,243],"drugs":[207],"settings":[210],"providing":[212],"safe,":[214],"hygienic":[215],"space":[216],"could":[220],"respond":[221],"quickly":[222],"event":[225],"an":[227],"adverse":[228],"effect.":[229],"A":[230],"central":[231],"sites":[238],"was":[239],"compassionate":[241],"received,":[244],"which":[245],"supported":[246],"utilization":[248],"strategies":[252],"and,":[253],"some":[255],"participants,":[256],"greater":[257],"self-efficacy":[258],"around":[259],"their":[260],"substance":[261],"use.":[262]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-11-08T00:00:00"}
