{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225454471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wjs.70629","title":"Cost of Equipping First\u2010Level Hospitals for Children's Surgical Care in Low\u2010 and Middle\u2010Income Countries","display_name":"Cost of Equipping First\u2010Level Hospitals for Children's Surgical Care in Low\u2010 and Middle\u2010Income Countries","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225454471","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wjs.70629","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42995503"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/wjs.70629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wjs.70629","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wjs.70629","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/wjs.70629","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60318618","display_name":"World Journal of Surgery","issn_l":"0364-2313","issn":["0364-2313","1432-2323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World Journal of Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/wjs.70629","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069522886","display_name":"Martilord Ifeanyichi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-6795","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0611-6795"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martilord Ifeanyichi","raw_affiliation_strings":["African Centre for Health Economics and Policy Research  Enugu Nigeria","Global Surgery Policy Unit LSE Health London School of Economics and Political Science  London UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"African Centre for Health Economics and Policy Research  Enugu Nigeria","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Surgery Policy Unit LSE Health London School of Economics and Political Science  London UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114613830","display_name":"Betel Amdeslassie Fenta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6597-0327","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6597-0327"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Betel Amdeslassie Fenta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Surgery Policy Unit LSE Health London School of Economics and Political Science  London UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6597-0327","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Surgery Policy Unit LSE Health London School of Economics and Political Science  London UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083689208","display_name":"Meskerem Aleka Kebede","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7427-0897","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7427-0897"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meskerem Aleka Kebede","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Surgery Policy Unit LSE Health London School of Economics and Political Science  London UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Surgery Policy Unit LSE Health London School of Economics and Political Science  London UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092559452","display_name":"Maeve Sophia Bognini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7413-7825","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7413-7825"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maeve Sofia Bognini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Surgery Policy Unit LSE Health London School of Economics and Political Science  London UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Surgery Policy Unit LSE Health London School of Economics and Political Science  London UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083277064","display_name":"Rachel Hargest","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9830-3832","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9830-3832"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800861664","display_name":"University Hospital of Wales","ror":"https://ror.org/04fgpet95","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299209451","https://openalex.org/I2800861664","https://openalex.org/I4210144625"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachel Hargest","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Surgery Policy Unit LSE Health London School of Economics and Political Science  London UK","School of Medicine University Hospital of Wales  Cardiff UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9830-3832","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Surgery Policy Unit LSE Health London School of Economics and Political Science  London UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Medicine University Hospital of Wales  Cardiff UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800861664"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034695372","display_name":"Mohamed Sameh Shalaby","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6161-5784","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6161-5784"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801868026","display_name":"Bristol Royal Hospital for Children","ror":"https://ror.org/01qgecw57","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801868026","https://openalex.org/I4405276282"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohamed Sameh Shalaby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatric Surgery Bristol Royal Hospital for Children  Bristol UK","Global Initiative for Children's Surgery  Sacramento California USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6161-5784","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatric Surgery Bristol Royal Hospital for Children  Bristol UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801868026"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Initiative for Children's Surgery  Sacramento California USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068201071","display_name":"Sarah B. Cairo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9060-6900","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9060-6900","https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9583-0557"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180670191","display_name":"University of California, San Francisco","ror":"https://ror.org/043mz5j54","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Cairo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Paediatric Surgery University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA","Global Initiative for Children's Surgery  Sacramento California USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9060-6900","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Paediatric Surgery University of California San Francisco  San Francisco California USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180670191"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Initiative for Children's Surgery  Sacramento California USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027335214","display_name":"Emmanuel Adoyi Ameh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2386-3039","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2386-3039"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210099503","display_name":"National Hospital Abuja","ror":"https://ror.org/014j33z40","country_code":"NG","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210099503"]}],"countries":["NG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emmanuel Ameh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery Division of Paediatric Surgery National Hospital  Abuja Nigeria","Global Initiative for Children's Surgery  Sacramento California USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2386-3039","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery Division of Paediatric Surgery National Hospital  Abuja Nigeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210099503"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Initiative for Children's Surgery  Sacramento California USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015855323","display_name":"Kokila Lakhoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1840-708X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1840-708X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kokila Lakhoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgical Sciences Global Surgery University of Oxford  Oxford UK","Global Initiative for Children's Surgery  Sacramento California USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1840-708X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgical Sciences Global Surgery University of Oxford  Oxford UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Initiative for Children's Surgery  Sacramento California USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028174854","display_name":"Rocco Friebel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1256-9096","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1256-9096"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rocco Friebel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Surgery Policy Unit LSE Health London School of Economics and Political Science  London UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1256-9096","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Surgery Policy Unit LSE Health London School of Economics and Political Science  London UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159136174","display_name":"GICS Membership","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"GICS Membership","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069522886"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"],"apc_list":{"value":4000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4000},"apc_paid":{"value":4000,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4000},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11731","display_name":"Global Health and Surgery","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11731","display_name":"Global Health and Surgery","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11467","display_name":"Trauma and Emergency Care Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2711","display_name":"Emergency Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pediatric-surgery","display_name":"pediatric surgery","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-level-hospitals","display_name":"first-level hospitals","score":0.8220000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-and-middle-income-countries","display_name":"low- and middle-income countries","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-table","display_name":"operating table","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/access-to-surgical-care","display_name":"access to surgical care","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sub-saharan-africa","display_name":"sub-Saharan Africa","score":0.6449999809265137}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109888216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82135","display_name":"Purchasing power parity","level":3,"score":0.6690999865531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164624739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754331","display_name":"Activity-based costing","level":2,"score":0.5896000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5081999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777338717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1762621","display_name":"Vendor","level":2,"score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.42160001397132874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.40549999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.39750000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160050368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132453","display_name":"Developed country","level":3,"score":0.38940000534057617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778813691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369832","display_name":"Purchasing","level":2,"score":0.36410000920295715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.3612000048160553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158886217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16799549","display_name":"Latin Americans","level":2,"score":0.35359999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182299520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1289588","display_name":"Total cost","level":2,"score":0.3528999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157062255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5035697","display_name":"Capital cost","level":2,"score":0.3522000014781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776542561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q271969","display_name":"Purchasing power","level":2,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15716912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5174768","display_name":"Cost database","level":2,"score":0.34220001101493835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29321873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5970087","display_name":"Economies of scale","level":2,"score":0.3407999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93983250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q795053","display_name":"Cost estimate","level":2,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6964187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659256","display_name":"Indirect costs","level":2,"score":0.33489999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524218345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31218","display_name":"Health economics","level":3,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.32440000772476196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.3215000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172497479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302208","display_name":"Capital expenditure","level":2,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C545542383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2751242","display_name":"Medical emergency","level":1,"score":0.3100999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992893776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q955421","display_name":"Capital equipment","level":2,"score":0.3089999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145096142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5333450","display_name":"Economic cost","level":2,"score":0.305400013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46578552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2725393","display_name":"Global health","level":3,"score":0.30090001225471497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.29179999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127454912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942582","display_name":"Cost\u2013benefit analysis","level":2,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95821633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q973302","display_name":"Cost driver","level":2,"score":0.2759000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.26980000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983335822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q942582","display_name":"Cost analysis","level":2,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780877353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2518253","display_name":"Health services research","level":3,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87450203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831940","display_name":"Operating expense","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/wjs.70629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wjs.70629","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wjs.70629","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/wjs.70629","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60318618","display_name":"World Journal of Surgery","issn_l":"0364-2313","issn":["0364-2313","1432-2323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World Journal of Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42995503","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42995503","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World journal of surgery","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/wjs.70629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wjs.70629","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/wjs.70629","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/wjs.70629","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S60318618","display_name":"World Journal of Surgery","issn_l":"0364-2313","issn":["0364-2313","1432-2323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"World Journal of Surgery","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9476000070571899},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225454471.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225454471.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963519464","https://openalex.org/W1995753226","https://openalex.org/W2052579082","https://openalex.org/W2091827499","https://openalex.org/W2117297043","https://openalex.org/W2123249425","https://openalex.org/W2128839781","https://openalex.org/W2167434885","https://openalex.org/W2233281638","https://openalex.org/W2434012543","https://openalex.org/W2803671755","https://openalex.org/W2899706599","https://openalex.org/W2928629436","https://openalex.org/W3017329898","https://openalex.org/W3025213548","https://openalex.org/W3120943654","https://openalex.org/W4205179812","https://openalex.org/W4210392823","https://openalex.org/W4294052435","https://openalex.org/W4385340439","https://openalex.org/W4386436214","https://openalex.org/W4390698596","https://openalex.org/W4393218740","https://openalex.org/W4395677680","https://openalex.org/W4403129186","https://openalex.org/W7171758619"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2749932427","https://openalex.org/W7171758619","https://openalex.org/W4388830650","https://openalex.org/W2207372425","https://openalex.org/W2902710673","https://openalex.org/W2542261586","https://openalex.org/W4393218740","https://openalex.org/W4321369439","https://openalex.org/W4213303896","https://openalex.org/W4403145929"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"OBJECTIVE:":[0],"The":[1,49],"Global":[2],"Initiative":[3],"for":[4,12,47,92,191,262],"Children's":[5,13],"Surgery":[6],"(GICS)":[7],"developed":[8],"the":[9,34,80,108,172,176,186,228],"Optimal":[10],"Resources":[11],"Surgical":[14],"Care":[15],"(ORECS)":[16],"recommendations":[17],"to":[18,23,55,60,65,69,78,83,115,166,215,222,255,258],"address":[19],"disparities":[20],"in":[21,27,87,100,141,147,156,161,168,220],"access":[22,68],"high-quality":[24],"children's":[25,224],"surgery":[26],"low-":[28],"and":[29,62,159,163,171,180,182,197,206,238,243],"middle-income":[30],"countries":[31,102],"(LMICs).":[32],"However,":[33],"cost":[35,76,201,249],"of":[36,51],"adequately":[37],"equipping":[38,192],"these":[39],"hospitals":[40,86,194,219],"is":[41,54],"currently":[42],"unknown,":[43],"creating":[44],"a":[45,57,74,104,252],"barrier":[46],"investments.":[48],"aim":[50],"this":[52],"report":[53],"provide":[56,223,251],"comprehensive":[58],"costing":[59],"direct":[61],"support":[63],"investments":[64,212,257],"scale":[66],"up":[67],"care.":[70,226],"METHODS:":[71],"We":[72],"conducted":[73],"multi-country":[75],"analysis":[77],"estimate":[79],"investment":[81],"required":[82,214],"equip":[84,216],"first-level":[85,193],"LMICs":[88,221],"with":[89,145,240],"essential":[90],"resources":[91],"pediatric":[93],"surgery.":[94],"Data":[95],"were":[96,113,133,139,195],"collected":[97],"from":[98,154],"vendors":[99],"17":[101],"using":[103,120],"survey":[105],"based":[106],"on":[107,246],"ORECS":[109],"framework.":[110],"Equipment":[111],"prices":[112],"standardized":[114],"2024":[116],"international":[117],"dollars":[118],"(I$)":[119],"World":[121],"Bank":[122],"Purchasing":[123],"Power":[124],"Parity":[125],"(PPP)":[126],"conversion":[127],"factors.":[128],"Cost":[129],"variations":[130],"across":[131,151],"regions":[132],"analyzed.":[134],"RESULTS:":[135],"Vendor":[136],"response":[137,149],"rates":[138],"highest":[140],"Sub-Saharan":[142,157,177],"Africa":[143,158,178],"(50%),":[144],"variability":[146],"questionnaire":[148],"completeness":[150],"regions,":[152],"ranging":[153],"97%":[155],"95%":[160],"Europe":[162,181],"North":[164,183],"America":[165,170,184],"9%":[167],"Latin":[169],"Caribbean":[173],"region.":[174],"In":[175],"region":[179],"region,":[185],"estimated":[187],"mean":[188],"total":[189],"costs":[190,230],"I$910,501":[196],"I$796,941,":[198],"respectively.":[199],"Major":[200],"drivers":[202],"included":[203],"operating":[204],"tables":[205],"C-arm":[207],"X-ray":[208],"systems.":[209],"CONCLUSIONS:":[210],"Capital":[211],"are":[213,235],"first":[217],"level":[218],"surgical":[225,260],"While":[227],"upfront":[229],"may":[231],"be":[232],"substantial,":[233],"they":[234],"fiscally":[236],"achievable":[237],"sustainable":[239],"significant":[241],"economic":[242],"social":[244],"returns":[245],"investment.":[247],"These":[248],"estimates":[250],"reference":[253],"case":[254],"guide":[256],"improve":[259],"care":[261],"children.":[263]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-11-08T00:00:00"}
