{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225449481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24029123","title":"Integration of Passive Fire Safety Design Strategies in Shopping Mall Design: Evidence from Selected Shopping Malls in Abuja, Nigeria","display_name":"Integration of Passive Fire Safety Design Strategies in Shopping Mall Design: Evidence from Selected Shopping Malls in Abuja, Nigeria","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225449481","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24029123"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24029123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24029123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24029123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24029123","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161199024","display_name":"Somieibi Anne Biambo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biambo, Somieibi Anne","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062063188","display_name":"Emokpae Murphy Erebor","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erebor, Emokpae Murphy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161205042","display_name":"Joseph Audu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Audu, Joseph","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5152303539","display_name":"Moral Benjamin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin, Moral","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11317","display_name":"Fire dynamics and safety research","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12102","display_name":"Fire effects on concrete materials","score":0.008100000210106373,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12597","display_name":"Fire Detection and Safety Systems","score":0.002899999963119626,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shopping-mall-design","display_name":"shopping mall design","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fire-safety","display_name":"fire safety","score":0.6819999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compartmentalization","display_name":"compartmentalization","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fire-resistant-materials","display_name":"fire-resistant materials","score":0.9509999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/means-of-egress","display_name":"means of egress","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoke-control","display_name":"smoke control","score":0.9800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-planning","display_name":"spatial planning","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/implementation-barriers","display_name":"implementation barriers","score":0.8379999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupant-safety","display_name":"occupant safety","score":0.8619999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abuja","display_name":"Abuja","score":0.9049999713897705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989191132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2997557","display_name":"Fire safety","level":2,"score":0.6402000188827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776678367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31374404","display_name":"Shopping mall","level":2,"score":0.597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5647000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201305675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852998","display_name":"Stakeholder","level":2,"score":0.42829999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779585090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457762","display_name":"Resilience (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.3747999966144562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.3546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122156500","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41399","display_name":"Fire protection","level":2,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124216869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7621833","display_name":"Design strategy","level":2,"score":0.34380000829696655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205300905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q63100","display_name":"Urban design","level":3,"score":0.32179999351501465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170154142","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q150737","display_name":"Architectural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3181000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.3165000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146508145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1046315","display_name":"Level design","level":3,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779318504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1438035","display_name":"Research design","level":2,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187155963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029","display_name":"Occupational safety and health","level":2,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.2800999879837036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190831278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q323611","display_name":"Building design","level":2,"score":0.2797999978065491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148803439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4986688","display_name":"Built environment","level":2,"score":0.2750999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780984029","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2930198","display_name":"Stakeholder engagement","level":2,"score":0.27390000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81545478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5451561","display_name":"Fire control","level":2,"score":0.272599995136261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166735990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1750812","display_name":"Human factors and ergonomics","level":3,"score":0.2718000113964081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984241579","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q323611","display_name":"Architectural design","level":3,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.2662999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.26269999146461487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779488668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3457767","display_name":"Community resilience","level":3,"score":0.25619998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33276779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1943363","display_name":"Design elements and principles","level":2,"score":0.2556999921798706}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24029123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24029123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24029123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24029124","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24029124","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24029124","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24029123","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24029123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24029123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4043000042438507}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4409917378","https://openalex.org/W4412592948","https://openalex.org/W7217031774","https://openalex.org/W7018611702","https://openalex.org/W4296700159","https://openalex.org/W7224340660","https://openalex.org/W7223000305","https://openalex.org/W7214010228","https://openalex.org/W7204212371","https://openalex.org/W3188509874"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fire":[0],"outbreaks":[1],"in":[2,15,63,67,80],"shopping":[3,46,65,81,177,216],"malls":[4,66],"pose":[5],"significant":[6,194],"threats":[7],"to":[8,86,196],"life,":[9],"property,":[10],"and":[11,43,99,120,130,147,162,188,224,236],"business":[12],"continuity,":[13],"particularly":[14],"rapidly":[16],"urbanising":[17],"cities":[18],"such":[19],"as":[20,193],"Abuja,":[21,68],"Nigeria.":[22,69],"While":[23],"active":[24],"fire":[25,32,55,61,75,91,170,207,222,241],"protection":[26],"systems":[27],"remain":[28],"widely":[29],"adopted,":[30],"passive":[31,54,74,169,206,240],"safety":[33,56,62,76,171,208,242],"design":[34,42,57,77,109,209,246],"strategies":[35,58,78,89,172,243],"are":[36],"often":[37],"inadequately":[38],"integrated":[39],"into":[40],"the":[41,51,71,84,94,101,167,175,212],"development":[44,218],"of":[45,53,124,157,215,239],"malls.":[47,178],"This":[48],"study":[49,72,122,200,228],"investigated":[50,100],"integration":[52,238],"for":[59],"enhancing":[60],"selected":[64,176],"Specifically,":[70],"identified":[73,192],"adopted":[79],"malls,":[82],"examined":[83],"extent":[85],"which":[87],"these":[88],"enhance":[90,221],"safety,":[92],"assessed":[93],"barriers":[95,195],"inhibiting":[96],"their":[97,104],"integration,":[98],"factors":[102],"influencing":[103],"implementation.":[105,198],"A":[106],"mixed-methods":[107],"research":[108],"was":[110],"adopted.":[111],"Data":[112],"were":[113,137,191],"collected":[114],"through":[115],"structured":[116],"questionnaires,":[117],"observational":[118],"checklists,":[119],"case":[121],"assessments":[123],"Jabi":[125],"Lake":[126],"Mall,":[127],"Ceddi":[128],"Plaza,":[129],"Novare":[131],"Central":[132],"Mall.":[133],"The":[134,199,227],"questionnaire":[135],"data":[136],"analysed":[138],"using":[139],"descriptive":[140],"statistics,":[141],"including":[142],"frequency":[143],"distributions,":[144],"mean":[145],"scores,":[146],"ranking.":[148],"Findings":[149],"revealed":[150],"that":[151,202],"compartmentation,":[152],"fire-resistant":[153],"materials,":[154],"protected":[155],"means":[156],"egress,":[158],"smoke":[159],"control":[160],"measures,":[161],"strategic":[163],"spatial":[164],"planning":[165],"constitute":[166],"major":[168],"implemented":[173],"within":[174,244],"However,":[179],"weak":[180],"regulatory":[181,231],"enforcement,":[182,232],"financial":[183],"constraints,":[184],"inadequate":[185],"professional":[186],"awareness,":[187,235],"design-related":[189],"challenges":[190],"effective":[197],"concludes":[201],"improving":[203],"compliance":[204],"with":[205],"principles":[210],"from":[211],"early":[213],"stages":[214],"mall":[217],"will":[219],"significantly":[220],"resilience":[223],"occupant":[225],"safety.":[226],"recommends":[229],"stronger":[230],"increased":[233],"stakeholder":[234],"greater":[237],"architectural":[245],"practice.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-11-08T00:00:00"}
