{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225434603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15213470","title":"PodCountNet: UAV-Based Soybean Pod Detection and Counting for High-Throughput Sink Trait Phenotyping","display_name":"PodCountNet: UAV-Based Soybean Pod Detection and Counting for High-Throughput Sink Trait Phenotyping","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225434603","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15213470"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/plants15213470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15213470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15213470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230202","display_name":"Plants","issn_l":"2223-7747","issn":["2223-7747"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plants","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15213470","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054011053","display_name":"Chang\u2019an Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7193-1986","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7193-1986"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74485261","display_name":"Shandong Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ke8fw32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang\u2019An Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7193-1986","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160082464","display_name":"Chenxiao Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74485261","display_name":"Shandong Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ke8fw32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chenxiao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025964996","display_name":"\u5173\u79c0\u654f GUAN Xiumin","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiumin Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160096327","display_name":"Shanxing Zhao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanxing Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Zhaoxian Wucai Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Rizhao 276526, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Zhaoxian Wucai Modern Agriculture Development Co., Ltd., Rizhao 276526, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100575362","display_name":"Jiarui Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0265-774X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0265-774X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74485261","display_name":"Shandong Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ke8fw32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiarui Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China","Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160147347","display_name":"Laichen Zheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74485261","display_name":"Shandong Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ke8fw32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laichen Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161048467","display_name":"Jing Zhang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119894","display_name":"Research Center for Rural Economy","ror":"https://ror.org/02bakwe76","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119894","https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151987","display_name":"Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs","ror":"https://ror.org/05ckt8b96","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210127390","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Rural Economic Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People\u2019s Republic of China, Beijing 100810, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Rural Economic Research Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of the People\u2019s Republic of China, Beijing 100810, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119894","https://openalex.org/I4210151987"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160082215","display_name":"Xiaoying Ning","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74485261","display_name":"Shandong Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ke8fw32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoying Ning","raw_affiliation_strings":["Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160100892","display_name":"Keyan Peng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keyan Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034017716","display_name":"Jiutao Yang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74485261","display_name":"Shandong Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ke8fw32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiutao Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China","Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161064100","display_name":"Yuan Yao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160118271","display_name":"Lanping Luo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lanping Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250100, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Provincial Agricultural Technology Extension Center, Jinan 250100, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160997430","display_name":"Xin Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7150-6541","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7150-6541"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74485261","display_name":"Shandong Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/02ke8fw32","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7150-6541","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Daizong Campus, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271018, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5160997430"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74485261"],"apc_list":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"apc_paid":{"value":2700,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3258},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"21","first_page":"3470","last_page":"3470"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9833999872207642,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.004999999888241291,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12571","display_name":"Soybean genetics and cultivation","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soybean","display_name":"soybean","score":0.8080000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-defoliation","display_name":"artificial defoliation","score":0.8799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/source-limitation","display_name":"source limitation","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uav-imagery","display_name":"UAV imagery","score":0.5759999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"object detection","score":0.6899999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-tracking","display_name":"object tracking","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy-structure","display_name":"canopy structure","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/high-throughput-phenotyping","display_name":"high-throughput phenotyping","score":0.7820000052452087}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137776501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208270","display_name":"Point of delivery","level":2,"score":0.7529000043869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.6784999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143050476","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194502","display_name":"Sink (geography)","level":2,"score":0.6115999817848206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5001999735832214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.49799999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197321923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4886","display_name":"Cultivar","level":2,"score":0.4810999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183688256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11982","display_name":"Photosynthesis","level":2,"score":0.4361000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781208722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853859","display_name":"Intercropping","level":2,"score":0.39340001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106934330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1971873","display_name":"Trait","level":2,"score":0.37770000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780513914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18210350","display_name":"Bottleneck","level":2,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126343540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Crop yield","level":2,"score":0.31310001015663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75639521","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1283519","display_name":"Field experiment","level":2,"score":0.3043000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.29269999265670776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2628999948501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120217122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740083","display_name":"Precision agriculture","level":3,"score":0.257099986076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81941488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853421","display_name":"Quantitative trait locus","level":3,"score":0.2506999969482422}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/plants15213470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15213470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15213470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230202","display_name":"Plants","issn_l":"2223-7747","issn":["2223-7747"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plants","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/plants15213470","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15213470","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/plants15213470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210230202","display_name":"Plants","issn_l":"2223-7747","issn":["2223-7747"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Plants","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.991100013256073}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313895","display_name":"Department of Science and Technology of Shandong Province","ror":"https://ror.org/01b9fvd84"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333596","display_name":"Key Technology Research and Development Program of Shandong","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2916306081","https://openalex.org/W3197021464","https://openalex.org/W4200042936","https://openalex.org/W4205770846","https://openalex.org/W4206638421","https://openalex.org/W4280612229","https://openalex.org/W4292684442","https://openalex.org/W4308606547","https://openalex.org/W4313406319","https://openalex.org/W4318332947","https://openalex.org/W4318979090","https://openalex.org/W4378906978","https://openalex.org/W4379878789","https://openalex.org/W4384825161","https://openalex.org/W4386076204","https://openalex.org/W4390873076","https://openalex.org/W4391683620","https://openalex.org/W4391968230","https://openalex.org/W4392196029","https://openalex.org/W4396605179","https://openalex.org/W4402645626","https://openalex.org/W4403839582","https://openalex.org/W4404914519","https://openalex.org/W4404956706","https://openalex.org/W4408831363","https://openalex.org/W4409709894","https://openalex.org/W4412663251","https://openalex.org/W7117963063","https://openalex.org/W7155539710","https://openalex.org/W7171562419"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388881317","https://openalex.org/W7220979406","https://openalex.org/W4408831363","https://openalex.org/W4378906978","https://openalex.org/W4401511921","https://openalex.org/W7214722024","https://openalex.org/W4412456581","https://openalex.org/W4401730115","https://openalex.org/W4366422596","https://openalex.org/W7155422005"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Photosynthetic":[0],"source":[1,27,65,89,219],"strength":[2],"is":[3],"a":[4,30,114,142],"major":[5,31],"determinant":[6],"of":[7,14,21,63,87,99,144,149,212],"soybean":[8,42,116,213,233],"yield":[9],"formation":[10],"through":[11],"its":[12],"regulation":[13],"reproductive":[15],"sink":[16,22,93,101,214],"development.":[17],"However,":[18],"high-throughput":[19,210],"quantification":[20,98,211],"traits":[23],"under":[24,151,216],"contrasting":[25,217],"photosynthetic":[26,218],"conditions":[28],"remains":[29],"bottleneck":[32],"for":[33,226],"field-based":[34],"source\u2013sink":[35,228],"physiology":[36],"research.":[37],"In":[38],"this":[39],"study,":[40],"three":[41],"cultivars":[43],"were":[44,110],"subjected":[45],"to":[46,59,112],"graded":[47],"artificial":[48],"defoliation":[49,78],"(0%,":[50],"25%,":[51],"and":[52,119,146,163,177,197,209,230],"50%)":[53],"at":[54,108,182],"the":[55,84,134,183],"R2":[56],"flowering":[57],"stage":[58],"establish":[60],"different":[61],"levels":[62],"defoliation-induced":[64],"limitation.":[66],"Biological":[67],"observations":[68],"showed":[69],"that":[70],"mature":[71],"pod":[72,117],"number":[73],"consistently":[74],"declined":[75],"with":[76,133,160],"increasing":[77],"intensity":[79],"across":[80],"all":[81],"cultivars,":[82],"supporting":[83,231],"critical":[85],"role":[86],"flowering-stage":[88],"limitation":[90],"in":[91],"determining":[92],"formation.":[94],"To":[95],"enable":[96],"efficient":[97],"these":[100],"responses,":[102],"Unmanned":[103],"Aerial":[104],"Vehicle":[105],"(UAV)videos":[106],"acquired":[107],"maturity":[109],"used":[111],"construct":[113],"field":[115],"dataset,":[118],"an":[120,129,147,222],"integrated":[121],"detection\u2013tracking":[122],"framework,":[123],"PodCountNet,":[124],"was":[125],"developed":[126],"by":[127],"combining":[128],"improved":[130],"SPDM-YOLO":[131,140],"detector":[132],"OC-SORT":[135],"tracking":[136],"algorithm.":[137],"The":[138,203],"proposed":[139,204],"achieved":[141],"precision":[143],"88.2%":[145],"mAP@0.5":[148],"94.5%":[150],"diverse":[152],"canopy":[153,161],"conditions.":[154],"Although":[155],"single-view":[156,192],"counting":[157,199],"accuracy":[158],"varied":[159],"architecture":[162],"illumination,":[164],"dual-view":[165],"fusion":[166],"effectively":[167],"reduced":[168],"systematic":[169],"errors":[170],"and,":[171],"achieving":[172],"MAE":[173],"=":[174,179,188,195,201],"66.3":[175],"pods":[176,181],"RMSE":[178],"88.0":[180],"individual":[184],"plot":[185],"level":[186],"(n":[187],"27),":[189],"substantially":[190],"outperforming":[191],"front-lit":[193],"(MAE":[194,200],"114.2)":[196],"back-lit":[198],"172.9).":[202],"framework":[205],"enables":[206],"accurate,":[207],"non-destructive,":[208],"responses":[215],"conditions,":[220],"providing":[221],"effective":[223],"phenotyping":[224],"tool":[225],"investigating":[227],"coordination":[229],"photosynthesis-oriented":[232],"breeding.":[234]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}
