{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225433762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908","title":"Changing Pre-university Perceptions in an Undergraduate Inquiry-Based Practical on Electrophilic Aromatic Substitutions","display_name":"Changing Pre-university Perceptions in an Undergraduate Inquiry-Based Practical on Electrophilic Aromatic Substitutions","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225433762","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908","pdf_url":"https://pubs.acs.org/jceda8/article-pdf/doi/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908/69105821/acs.jchemed.6c00908.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105208853","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Education","issn_l":"0021-9584","issn":["0021-9584","1938-1328"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://pubs.acs.org/jceda8/article-pdf/doi/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908/69105821/acs.jchemed.6c00908.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059241409","display_name":"Ewan Forsyth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6694-1231","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6694-1231"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ewan Forsyth","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oxford , , South Parks Road , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6694-1231","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford , , South Parks Road , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056981374","display_name":"Craig D. Campbell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1082-3508","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1082-3508"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Craig D. Campbell","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oxford , , South Parks Road , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1082-3508","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford , , South Parks Road , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038795323","display_name":"Charlotte C. Hancox","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6173-3317","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6173-3317"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charlotte C. Hancox","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oxford , , South Parks Road , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6173-3317","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford , , South Parks Road , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089399372","display_name":"Malcolm I. Stewart","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5724-9160","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5724-9160"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malcolm I. Stewart","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oxford , , South Parks Road , ,"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5724-9160","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oxford , , South Parks Road , ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056981374"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"apc_list":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"apc_paid":{"value":4500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4500},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.7221999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10072","display_name":"Science Education and Pedagogy","score":0.7221999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12327","display_name":"Various Chemistry Research Topics","score":0.25850000977516174,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14097","display_name":"Chemistry Education and Research","score":0.01360000018030405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrophilic-aromatic-substitution","display_name":"electrophilic aromatic substitution","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guided-inquiry","display_name":"guided inquiry","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rote-learning","display_name":"rote learning","score":0.6150000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/practical-skills-development","display_name":"practical skills development","score":0.5910000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122085161","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q597833","display_name":"Electrophilic aromatic substitution","level":2,"score":0.5728999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5717999935150146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50027330","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q908086","display_name":"Electrophile","level":3,"score":0.5390999913215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.4943999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.4138000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.4000000059604645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.39879998564720154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.38029998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777965246","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899587","display_name":"Electrophilic substitution","level":2,"score":0.3799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44877443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2485457","display_name":"Science education","level":2,"score":0.3734999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778220771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1522579","display_name":"Substitution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.3328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198446146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069229","display_name":"Chemistry education","level":3,"score":0.31209999322891235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.30660000443458557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68762167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910164","display_name":"Cheminformatics","level":2,"score":0.2906999886035919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120912362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q136822","display_name":"Higher education","level":2,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48164120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4491893","display_name":"Concept learning","level":2,"score":0.2678999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111185830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q503396","display_name":"Substitution reaction","level":2,"score":0.2671000063419342},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192386470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210390","display_name":"Aromaticity","level":3,"score":0.26249998807907104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21951064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899212","display_name":"Combinatorial chemistry","level":1,"score":0.25380000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.250900000333786}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908","pdf_url":"https://pubs.acs.org/jceda8/article-pdf/doi/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908/69105821/acs.jchemed.6c00908.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105208853","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Education","issn_l":"0021-9584","issn":["0021-9584","1938-1328"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Education","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908","pdf_url":"https://pubs.acs.org/jceda8/article-pdf/doi/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6c00908/69105821/acs.jchemed.6c00908.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105208853","display_name":"Journal of Chemical Education","issn_l":"0021-9584","issn":["0021-9584","1938-1328"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320006","host_organization_name":"American Chemical Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320006"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Chemical Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Chemical Education","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","score":0.9235000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320290","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225433762.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225433762.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":54,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963688013","https://openalex.org/W1964642525","https://openalex.org/W1966398377","https://openalex.org/W1976397593","https://openalex.org/W1977449861","https://openalex.org/W2008610889","https://openalex.org/W2015615413","https://openalex.org/W2024208988","https://openalex.org/W2027473869","https://openalex.org/W2032756173","https://openalex.org/W2038189747","https://openalex.org/W2038536582","https://openalex.org/W2043019542","https://openalex.org/W2048109086","https://openalex.org/W2049980000","https://openalex.org/W2050869357","https://openalex.org/W2054999812","https://openalex.org/W2068791513","https://openalex.org/W2070168001","https://openalex.org/W2075923379","https://openalex.org/W2077696859","https://openalex.org/W2094836207","https://openalex.org/W2312857747","https://openalex.org/W2808625802","https://openalex.org/W2936164454","https://openalex.org/W2992558916","https://openalex.org/W2999129060","https://openalex.org/W3093665314","https://openalex.org/W3198461320","https://openalex.org/W3216536936","https://openalex.org/W4206018317","https://openalex.org/W4224330907","https://openalex.org/W4230133997","https://openalex.org/W4248707833","https://openalex.org/W4281550248","https://openalex.org/W4283711187","https://openalex.org/W4283832581","https://openalex.org/W4319790039","https://openalex.org/W4319915705","https://openalex.org/W4365151003","https://openalex.org/W4399863323","https://openalex.org/W4401012976","https://openalex.org/W4409665661","https://openalex.org/W4414122976","https://openalex.org/W4414577452","https://openalex.org/W4415376791","https://openalex.org/W4416295558","https://openalex.org/W7082301176","https://openalex.org/W7124548828","https://openalex.org/W7126150314","https://openalex.org/W7128491178","https://openalex.org/W7133665013","https://openalex.org/W7141669402","https://openalex.org/W7160170688"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2296000512","https://openalex.org/W7140440968","https://openalex.org/W6964084159","https://openalex.org/W2048109086","https://openalex.org/W4396938889","https://openalex.org/W2024208988","https://openalex.org/W2790300597","https://openalex.org/W2032756173","https://openalex.org/W4414122976","https://openalex.org/W2788067001"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Transitioning":[1],"from":[2],"pre-university":[3,56],"to":[4,40,91],"undergraduate":[5,58,83],"learning":[6],"presents":[7],"many":[8],"opportunities":[9],"and":[10,46,57,73],"challenges.":[11],"These":[12],"can":[13],"be":[14],"most":[15],"notable":[16],"within":[17],"the":[18,98],"laboratory":[19,32],"environment,":[20],"where":[21,85],"students":[22,61,86],"often":[23,62],"have":[24,63,74],"limited":[25],"practical":[26,33,47,84,109],"chemistry":[27,67],"experience.":[28],"The":[29],"selection":[30],"of":[31,37,65,101],"topics":[34],"is":[35],"therefore":[36],"high":[38],"importance":[39],"build":[41],"on":[42,69,97],"students\u2019":[43],"theoretical":[44],"knowledge":[45],"skills.":[48,110],"Electrophilic":[49],"aromatic":[50,104],"substitution":[51,105],"reactions":[52],"are":[53],"prevalent":[54],"in":[55],"courses;":[59],"however,":[60],"preconceptions":[64],"organic":[66],"based":[68],"marking":[70],"scheme":[71],"\u201canswers\u201d":[72],"misconceptions":[75],"created":[76],"through":[77],"rote-learning.":[78],"We":[79],"present":[80],"an":[81,102],"introductory":[82],"use":[87],"a":[88],"guided-inquiry":[89],"approach":[90],"investigate":[92],"their":[93],"own":[94],"scientific":[95],"hypotheses":[96],"reaction":[99],"outcome":[100],"electrophilic":[103],"while":[106],"building":[107],"foundational":[108]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}
