{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225430606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84","title":"New Detections of H 2 CO and c-C 3 H 2 in Planetary Nebulae: Broadening the Organic Inventory","display_name":"New Detections of H 2 CO and c-C 3 H 2 in Planetary Nebulae: Broadening the Organic Inventory","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225430606","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1980519","display_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","issn_l":"0004-637X","issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058837378","display_name":"K. R. Gold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6830-6239","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6830-6239"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. R. Gold","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6830-6239","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004813461","display_name":"Lucy M Ziurys","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-3886","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-3886"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I138006243","display_name":"University of Arizona","ror":"https://ror.org/03m2x1q45","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"L. M. Ziurys","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Arizona"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1805-3886","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Arizona","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004813461"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I138006243"],"apc_list":{"value":4499,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4499},"apc_paid":{"value":4499,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4499},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"1011","issue":"2","first_page":"268","last_page":"268"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10477","display_name":"Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies","score":0.8511000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10477","display_name":"Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies","score":0.8511000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10039","display_name":"Stellar, planetary, and galactic studies","score":0.133200004696846,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10325","display_name":"Astro and Planetary Science","score":0.004399999976158142,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1912","display_name":"Space and Planetary Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planetary-nebulae","display_name":"planetary nebulae","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formaldehyde","display_name":"formaldehyde","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyclopropenylidene","display_name":"cyclopropenylidene","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/carbonyl-compounds","display_name":"carbonyl compounds","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/organic-compounds","display_name":"organic compounds","score":0.414000004529953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/column-density","display_name":"column density","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fractional-abundance","display_name":"fractional abundance","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-transfer-model","display_name":"radiative transfer modeling","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ngc-6853","display_name":"NGC 6853","score":0.9539999961853027}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.9230999946594238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95373548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13632","display_name":"Planetary nebula","level":3,"score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.6592000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.579800009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780848835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4213","display_name":"Telescope","level":2,"score":0.45739999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180920033","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11680018","display_name":"Astrochemistry","level":4,"score":0.453900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161813005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184356","display_name":"Radio telescope","level":2,"score":0.4268999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4839761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212111","display_name":"Spectral line","level":2,"score":0.3928000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150846664","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7602306","display_name":"Stars","level":2,"score":0.37779998779296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.3677000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32909587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11369","display_name":"Molecule","level":2,"score":0.34610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77077793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336019","display_name":"Abundance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.3391999900341034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780703968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1544579","display_name":"Green Bank Telescope","level":3,"score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32891209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666","display_name":"Spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.30809998512268066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119824511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13553575","display_name":"Absorption spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131432281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752171","display_name":"Astronomical spectroscopy","level":3,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96141758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216817","display_name":"Emission spectrum","level":3,"score":0.28529998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150143219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4306","display_name":"Radio astronomy","level":2,"score":0.2793999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102900547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q911801","display_name":"Cosmochemistry","level":2,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512735826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2025","display_name":"Carbon monoxide","level":3,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777088479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q421724","display_name":"Cyanogen","level":2,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181313176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50089","display_name":"Asymptotic giant branch","level":3,"score":0.2703999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86021447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272447","display_name":"Molecular cloud","level":3,"score":0.26179999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778042268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11282","display_name":"H II region","level":4,"score":0.25760000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2353151","display_name":"Atmospheric radiative transfer codes","level":3,"score":0.2565999925136566}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1980519","display_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","issn_l":"0004-637X","issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:36c8efa501074fcebc4e61fbde9bd925","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/36c8efa501074fcebc4e61fbde9bd925","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"The Astrophysical Journal, Vol 1011, Iss 2, p 268 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84","pdf_url":"https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/aeab84/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1980519","display_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","issn_l":"0004-637X","issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-a","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-2","oarl","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320083","host_organization_name":"IOP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320083","https://openalex.org/P4310311669"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IOP Publishing","Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Astrophysical Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225430606.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225430606.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":56,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1765181277","https://openalex.org/W1969919692","https://openalex.org/W1970286591","https://openalex.org/W1972362142","https://openalex.org/W1978841089","https://openalex.org/W1983757054","https://openalex.org/W1984574186","https://openalex.org/W1984605418","https://openalex.org/W1987866504","https://openalex.org/W1994975873","https://openalex.org/W1999006817","https://openalex.org/W2026096786","https://openalex.org/W2035542239","https://openalex.org/W2039495070","https://openalex.org/W2055143820","https://openalex.org/W2062672331","https://openalex.org/W2064560094","https://openalex.org/W2079739272","https://openalex.org/W2083426833","https://openalex.org/W2087522489","https://openalex.org/W2093020861","https://openalex.org/W2094075159","https://openalex.org/W2094569192","https://openalex.org/W2094695585","https://openalex.org/W2094745146","https://openalex.org/W2097582465","https://openalex.org/W2112518852","https://openalex.org/W2115357139","https://openalex.org/W2117536939","https://openalex.org/W2128294460","https://openalex.org/W2145008411","https://openalex.org/W2159511165","https://openalex.org/W2169479018","https://openalex.org/W2575787357","https://openalex.org/W2588542339","https://openalex.org/W2738068162","https://openalex.org/W2739178922","https://openalex.org/W2752596791","https://openalex.org/W2768257411","https://openalex.org/W2799089586","https://openalex.org/W2889661456","https://openalex.org/W2949768696","https://openalex.org/W2969846821","https://openalex.org/W2973044043","https://openalex.org/W3013863612","https://openalex.org/W4214876208","https://openalex.org/W4224102795","https://openalex.org/W4288360592","https://openalex.org/W4390734708","https://openalex.org/W4392781719","https://openalex.org/W4393194197","https://openalex.org/W4404619002","https://openalex.org/W4406686363","https://openalex.org/W4414865434","https://openalex.org/W4414950121","https://openalex.org/W7127049958"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969919692","https://openalex.org/W2588542339","https://openalex.org/W4214876208","https://openalex.org/W4396690188","https://openalex.org/W2890151668","https://openalex.org/W4404619002","https://openalex.org/W2079739272","https://openalex.org/W2889661456","https://openalex.org/W2314908026","https://openalex.org/W2768257411"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Observations":[1],"of":[2,57,150,179,223,255,296,327,363,369],"H":[3,9,45,103,155,166,201,239,265,281,336,342],"2":[4,10,46,64,70,77,84,94,104,117,126,135,156,167,183,202,226,228,240,242,266,282,337,343],"CO":[5,47,157,267,338],"and":[6,24,30,41,76,86,113,118,138,162,196,235,275,303,339],"c-C":[7,101,164,279,340],"3":[8,31,91,102,119,132,142,165,200,238,280,341],"were":[11,215],"conducted":[12],"toward":[13,50],"six":[14,52],"planetary":[15],"nebulae":[16,53],"(PNs;":[17],"M1-7,":[18,111],"M1-8,":[19],"M2-48,":[20],"M4-9,":[21,112],"NGC":[22,25,114],"6445,":[23,115],"6853)":[26],"at":[27,83,97],"1,":[28],"2,":[29],"mm":[32,85,120],"using":[33],"the":[34,55,60,87,148,252,294,297,313,360,367,370],"Arizona":[35],"Radio":[36],"Observatory\u2019s":[37],"12":[38,212],"m":[39],"antenna":[40],"Submillimeter":[42],"Telescope":[43],"(SMT).":[44],"was":[48,106],"detected":[49],"all":[51,260],"on":[54,259],"basis":[56],"multiple":[58],"transitions:":[59],"J":[61,88,123],"Ka,Kc":[62,89,124],"=":[63,90,125],"1,2":[65,127,133],"\u2192":[66,72,79,93,128,134,141],"1":[67,73,80,98,129],"1,1":[68,78],",":[69,75,131,137],"0,2":[71,95],"0,1":[74,130],"1,0":[81],"lines":[82],"0,3":[92,143],"transition":[96],"mm.":[99],"The":[100],"molecule":[105],"identified":[107],"in":[108,263,272,347,354],"three":[109],"sources,":[110],"from":[116,158,168,359],"transitions":[121],"(":[122],"2,1":[136],"4":[139],"1,4":[140],").":[144],"These":[145,217],"detections":[146],"increase":[147],"number":[149],"PNs":[151,355],"known":[152,261],"to":[153,160,170,220,269,292],"contain":[154],"five":[159],"11,":[161],"for":[163],"four":[169],"seven.":[171],"From":[172],"a":[173,323],"radiative":[174],"transfer":[175],"analysis,":[176],"column":[177],"densities":[178],"N":[180,197],"tot":[181,198],"(H":[182,225],"CO)":[184],"\u223c":[185,204,230,244],"3.2":[186],"\u00d7":[187,191,206,210,232,246],"10":[188,192,207,211,233,247],"11":[189,208],"\u20131.2":[190],"13":[193],"cm":[194,213],"\u22122":[195,214],"(c-C":[199,237],")":[203,229,243],"6.7":[205],"\u20136.3":[209],"determined.":[216],"values":[218],"correspond":[219],"fractional":[221],"abundances":[222,321],"f":[224,236],"CO/H":[227],"(0.3\u20132.4)":[231],"\u22128":[234],"/H":[241],"(1.6\u20136.6)":[245],"\u22129":[248],".":[249],"M4-9":[250],"exhibits":[251],"highest":[253],"abundance":[254],"each":[256],"molecule.":[257],"Based":[258],"identifications":[262,353],"PNs,":[264],"appears":[268,291],"be":[270],"present":[271],"both":[273,316],"carbon-":[274],"oxygen-rich":[276],"nebulae,":[277],"whereas":[278],"is":[283,304],"associated":[284],"with":[285,306,330],"only":[286],"carbon-rich":[287],"types.":[288],"This":[289],"result":[290],"reflect":[293],"chemistry":[295],"previous":[298],"asymptotic":[299],"giant":[300],"branch":[301],"phase":[302],"consistent":[305],"chemical":[307,357],"continuity":[308,358],"throughout":[309],"PN":[310],"evolution.":[311],"Within":[312],"small":[314],"sample,":[315],"species":[317],"show":[318],"fairly":[319],"constant":[320],"across":[322],"nebular":[324],"age":[325],"range":[326],"700\u201312,000":[328],"yr,":[329],"no":[331],"statistically":[332],"significant":[333],"decrease.":[334],"Both":[335],"are":[344],"commonly":[345],"observed":[346],"diffuse":[348,371],"clouds.":[349],"Therefore,":[350],"their":[351],"ongoing":[352],"suggest":[356],"late":[361],"phases":[362],"stellar":[364],"evolution":[365],"into":[366],"formation":[368],"interstellar":[372],"medium.":[373]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}
