{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225429623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16211436","title":"Amelioration of Saline Alkali\u2013Soil and Improvement of Soybean Performance by Organically Modified Coal Gangue","display_name":"Amelioration of Saline Alkali\u2013Soil and Improvement of Soybean Performance by Organically Modified Coal Gangue","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225429623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16211436"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/nano16211436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16211436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16211436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764646681","display_name":"Nanomaterials","issn_l":"2079-4991","issn":["2079-4991"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16211436","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007989501","display_name":"Qi Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3124-947X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3124-947X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108688024","display_name":"Qingdao University","ror":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qi Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161105923","display_name":"Zhipeng Yao","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhipeng Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Binzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Binzhou 256600, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Binzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Binzhou 256600, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101547419","display_name":"Yusheng Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9336-8477","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9336-8477"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108688024","display_name":"Qingdao University","ror":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405260334","display_name":"Dongying Vocational Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03kbxzp97","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210096525","https://openalex.org/I4387155179","https://openalex.org/I4405260334"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yusheng Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China","Research Institute of Modern Agricultural Industry Innovation in Yellow River Delta Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying Vocational College, Dongying 257000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9336-8477","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Modern Agricultural Industry Innovation in Yellow River Delta Saline-Alkali Land, Dongying Vocational College, Dongying 257000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405260334"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161114092","display_name":"Xiangjie Guo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangjie Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong Minsheng Group Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong Minsheng Group Co., Ltd., Jinan 250000, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036747694","display_name":"Kunpeng Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-8714","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-8714"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I108688024","display_name":"Qingdao University","ror":"https://ror.org/021cj6z65","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kunpeng Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-8714","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5036747694","https://openalex.org/A5161114092"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I108688024"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"21","first_page":"1436","last_page":"1436"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13790","display_name":"Waste Management and Environmental Impact","score":0.40529999136924744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13790","display_name":"Waste Management and Environmental Impact","score":0.40529999136924744,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2311","display_name":"Waste Management and Disposal"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12792","display_name":"Soil Management and Crop Yield","score":0.20340000092983246,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12294","display_name":"Agricultural Science and Fertilization","score":0.1881999969482422,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/saline-alkali-soil","display_name":"saline-alkali soil","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-improvement","display_name":"soil improvement","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coal-gangue","display_name":"coal gangue","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soybean-growth","display_name":"soybean growth","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-available-potassium","display_name":"soil available potassium","score":0.4729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-available-phosphorus","display_name":"soil available phosphorus","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-enzyme-activity","display_name":"soil enzyme activity","score":0.6669999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-bacterial-communities","display_name":"soil bacterial communities","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-ph","display_name":"soil pH","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-organic-matter","display_name":"soil organic matter","score":0.6589999794960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.576200008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522964758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2019586","display_name":"Environmental remediation","level":3,"score":0.5378999710083008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141650431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q754836","display_name":"Soil salinity","level":3,"score":0.5127999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4975999891757965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182124840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1154759","display_name":"Soil organic matter","level":3,"score":0.4187999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.40790000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.39309999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C510538283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q674","display_name":"Phosphorus","level":2,"score":0.3840999901294708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142796444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181394","display_name":"Nutrient","level":2,"score":0.36090001463890076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48743137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783121","display_name":"Organic matter","level":2,"score":0.34779998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25642318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1992532","display_name":"Incubation","level":2,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198072978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q565649","display_name":"Soil pH","level":3,"score":0.29589998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65580899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212734","display_name":"Soil contamination","level":3,"score":0.2939000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158787203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900291","display_name":"Total organic carbon","level":2,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777397205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q275792","display_name":"Saline","level":2,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C517785266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q703","display_name":"Potassium","level":2,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206139338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192355","display_name":"Raw material","level":2,"score":0.2743000090122223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777132085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46220103","display_name":"Phosphate","level":2,"score":0.27219998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50516716","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q877107","display_name":"Soil test","level":3,"score":0.27149999141693115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21410773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220869","display_name":"Shoot","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7959160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7554896","display_name":"Soil biodiversity","level":4,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162902727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2842710","display_name":"Soil conditioner","level":3,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81407943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17149178","display_name":"Microbial population biology","level":3,"score":0.2540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776475172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2034420","display_name":"Soil quality","level":3,"score":0.25380000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152494472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386963","display_name":"Soil classification","level":3,"score":0.251800000667572}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/nano16211436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16211436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16211436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764646681","display_name":"Nanomaterials","issn_l":"2079-4991","issn":["2079-4991"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/nano16211436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16211436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/nano16211436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764646681","display_name":"Nanomaterials","issn_l":"2079-4991","issn":["2079-4991"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Nanomaterials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.8518999814987183}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1627032654","https://openalex.org/W1969136628","https://openalex.org/W2037699113","https://openalex.org/W2053522126","https://openalex.org/W2062704080","https://openalex.org/W2088260448","https://openalex.org/W2178821041","https://openalex.org/W2619908837","https://openalex.org/W2990170559","https://openalex.org/W3080835386","https://openalex.org/W3118585758","https://openalex.org/W3122965557","https://openalex.org/W3168420738","https://openalex.org/W3206600671","https://openalex.org/W3211774772","https://openalex.org/W4221062427","https://openalex.org/W4280560086","https://openalex.org/W4307562658","https://openalex.org/W4308285395","https://openalex.org/W4309007397","https://openalex.org/W4321187678","https://openalex.org/W4353083537","https://openalex.org/W4365444267","https://openalex.org/W4379647542","https://openalex.org/W4386742237","https://openalex.org/W4389330910","https://openalex.org/W4390814499","https://openalex.org/W4392370119","https://openalex.org/W4392715048","https://openalex.org/W4395082606","https://openalex.org/W4402584298","https://openalex.org/W4403896683","https://openalex.org/W4404972197","https://openalex.org/W4405063971","https://openalex.org/W4405286495","https://openalex.org/W4406602058","https://openalex.org/W4407438603","https://openalex.org/W4410837835","https://openalex.org/W4414330862","https://openalex.org/W7093098339","https://openalex.org/W7171843418"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7221121453","https://openalex.org/W7163071034","https://openalex.org/W2048146401","https://openalex.org/W2362475452","https://openalex.org/W4406584192","https://openalex.org/W1965874087","https://openalex.org/W4401897081","https://openalex.org/W4415138441","https://openalex.org/W4214828180","https://openalex.org/W7162518475"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Growing":[0],"global":[1],"concern":[2],"over":[3],"soil":[4,62,102,110,122,134,182],"salinization":[5],"has":[6],"drawn":[7],"considerable":[8],"attention":[9],"to":[10,24,34,125,189],"the":[11,49,85,88,93,100,165,177],"remediation":[12],"and":[13,52,55,67,74,96,105,108,132,137,143,151,159,171,185],"amelioration":[14,30],"of":[15],"saline\u2013alkali":[16,26,61,101],"soils.":[17],"Coal":[18],"gangue":[19,40,180],"(M)":[20],"can":[21],"be":[22],"applied":[23],"improve":[25],"soils;":[27],"nevertheless,":[28],"its":[29],"performance":[31,187],"is":[32],"subject":[33],"certain":[35],"limitations.":[36],"Organically":[37],"modified":[38,166,179],"coal":[39],"(GM)":[41],"was":[42],"prepared":[43],"using":[44],"alcohol":[45],"ethoxylate-7":[46],"(AEO-7)":[47],"as":[48],"primary":[50],"modifier,":[51],"both":[53],"M":[54],"GM":[56,119],"were":[57],"mixed":[58],"with":[59,84,116],"a":[60,71,75],"at":[63],"10%,":[64],"20%,":[65],"30%":[66],"40%":[68],"(w/w)":[69],"in":[70,99],"28-day":[72,76],"incubation":[73],"soybean":[77,186],"pot":[78],"experiment.":[79],"At":[80],"28":[81],"d,":[82],"compared":[83,115],"CK":[86],"group,":[87],"GM40%":[89],"treatment":[90],"significantly":[91],"increased":[92,109,133,155,168],"available":[94,129],"potassium":[95],"alkali-hydrolyzable":[97],"nitrogen":[98],"by":[103,113,140,156],"49.91%":[104],"97.10%,":[106],"respectively,":[107],"organic":[111],"matter":[112],"10%":[114],"M40%.":[117],"The":[118],"groups":[120],"decreased":[121],"pH":[123],"relative":[124,188],"CK,":[126],"alleviated":[127],"M-induced":[128],"phosphorus":[130],"deficiency,":[131],"urease,":[135],"peroxidase":[136],"catalase":[138],"activities":[139],"467.77%,":[141],"140.37%":[142],"76.29%,":[144],"respectively.":[145],"Plant":[146],"height,":[147],"shoot":[148],"dry":[149,153],"weight":[150,154],"root":[152],"23.24%,":[157],"102.22%":[158],"208.05%.":[160],"Amplicon":[161],"sequencing":[162],"showed":[163],"that":[164],"material":[167],"bacterial":[169,173],"richness":[170],"shifted":[172],"community":[174],"composition.":[175],"Thus,":[176],"organically":[178],"improved":[181],"nutrient":[183],"pools":[184],"raw":[190],"gangue.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}