{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225428962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27551857261504532","title":"Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Monitoring of Point-of-Care Three-Dimensional Printing of Caffeine Tablets by Direct Powder Extrusion","display_name":"Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Monitoring of Point-of-Care Three-Dimensional Printing of Caffeine Tablets by Direct Powder Extrusion","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225428962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27551857261504532"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/27551857261504532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27551857261504532","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27551857261504532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387289306","display_name":"Applied Spectroscopy Practica","issn_l":"2755-1857","issn":["2755-1857"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Spectroscopy Practica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27551857261504532","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5140213211","display_name":"Keith Freel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8968-3803","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8968-3803"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Keith Freel","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-8968-3803","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161084879","display_name":"Yihan Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yihan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074300179","display_name":"Sharon Flank","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5654-5630","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5654-5630"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sharon Flank","raw_affiliation_strings":["InfraTrac, Inc., Hagerstown, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5654-5630","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"InfraTrac, Inc., Hagerstown, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075255783","display_name":"Stephen W. Hoag","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-6951","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-6951"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66946132","display_name":"University of Maryland, College Park","ror":"https://ror.org/047s2c258","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephen W. Hoag","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Maryland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0657-6951","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Maryland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5140213211"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66946132"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"apc_paid":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"4","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.002300000051036477,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11324","display_name":"Spectroscopy Techniques in Biomedical and Chemical Research","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/near-infrared-spectroscopy","display_name":"near-infrared spectroscopy","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printed-tablets","display_name":"3D-printed tablets","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caffeine","display_name":"caffeine","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-of-care-manufacturing","display_name":"point-of-care manufacturing","score":0.7519999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmaceutical-quality-control","display_name":"pharmaceutical quality control","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/porosity","display_name":"porosity","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/in-vitro-dissolution","display_name":"in vitro dissolution","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydroxypropyl-cellulose","display_name":"hydroxypropyl cellulose","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/partial-least-squares-regression","display_name":"partial least squares regression","score":0.9010000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemometric-modeling","display_name":"chemometric models","score":0.6499999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-process-monitoring","display_name":"real-time process monitoring","score":0.6150000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178144697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111609","display_name":"Process analytical technology","level":3,"score":0.703499972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778958987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139143","display_name":"Extrusion","level":2,"score":0.6518999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88380143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416674","display_name":"Dissolution","level":2,"score":0.6478000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.5871999859809875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22354355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422009","display_name":"Partial least squares regression","level":2,"score":0.5856999754905701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43571822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599037","display_name":"Near-infrared spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.515500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778500429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q60235","display_name":"Caffeine","level":2,"score":0.4779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151304367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q910067","display_name":"Chemometrics","level":2,"score":0.35760000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6648577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622669","display_name":"Porosity","level":2,"score":0.34619998931884766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14029885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282807","display_name":"Dissolution testing","level":4,"score":0.34529998898506165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780841128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5073781","display_name":"Characterization (materials science)","level":2,"score":0.3452000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136229726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327092","display_name":"Biomedical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524769229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3D printing","level":2,"score":0.3228999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.32280001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106436119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q836575","display_name":"Quality assurance","level":3,"score":0.3188000023365021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21880701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2144042","display_name":"Process engineering","level":1,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77281830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q718608","display_name":"Dosage form","level":2,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778572730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416713","display_name":"Magnesium stearate","level":3,"score":0.2856000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780449318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18344773","display_name":"Critical quality attributes","level":3,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.27070000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.26989999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202799725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q272035","display_name":"Accuracy and precision","level":2,"score":0.266400009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32891209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483666","display_name":"Spectroscopy","level":2,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019308078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3d printed","level":2,"score":0.2574999928474426}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/27551857261504532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27551857261504532","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27551857261504532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387289306","display_name":"Applied Spectroscopy Practica","issn_l":"2755-1857","issn":["2755-1857"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Spectroscopy Practica","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:941f716b44e749d18a8872a0c483233a","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/941f716b44e749d18a8872a0c483233a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Spectroscopy Practica, Vol 4 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/27551857261504532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27551857261504532","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/27551857261504532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387289306","display_name":"Applied Spectroscopy Practica","issn_l":"2755-1857","issn":["2755-1857"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Spectroscopy Practica","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332178","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W180389365","https://openalex.org/W1969607024","https://openalex.org/W2006913165","https://openalex.org/W2009150342","https://openalex.org/W2021052230","https://openalex.org/W2024081267","https://openalex.org/W2035490402","https://openalex.org/W2036629566","https://openalex.org/W2071924901","https://openalex.org/W2085485330","https://openalex.org/W2098179398","https://openalex.org/W2151224960","https://openalex.org/W2180891719","https://openalex.org/W2509983393","https://openalex.org/W2724997061","https://openalex.org/W2886069121","https://openalex.org/W2944109438","https://openalex.org/W2953218678","https://openalex.org/W2956078602","https://openalex.org/W2998949952","https://openalex.org/W3008532029","https://openalex.org/W3203531858","https://openalex.org/W4296696127","https://openalex.org/W4313420208","https://openalex.org/W4377696060","https://openalex.org/W4380075630","https://openalex.org/W4380368404","https://openalex.org/W4391824762","https://openalex.org/W4393093583","https://openalex.org/W4395451339"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4377696060","https://openalex.org/W7203455284","https://openalex.org/W2886069121","https://openalex.org/W3001379540","https://openalex.org/W3208500451","https://openalex.org/W7154595738","https://openalex.org/W4411849822","https://openalex.org/W2973278371","https://openalex.org/W3215414329","https://openalex.org/W2059843984"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"investigates":[2],"the":[3,162,174],"use":[4],"of":[5,176,191],"near-infrared":[6],"(NIR)":[7],"spectroscopy":[8],"as":[9],"a":[10,70,97,102,203],"non-destructive,":[11],"real-time":[12,215],"quality":[13,40,118,189,216],"control":[14],"tool":[15],"for":[16,124,132,149,168,218],"3D-printed":[17,192],"caffeine":[18,43,62,125],"tablets":[19,68],"produced":[20],"via":[21],"direct":[22],"powder":[23],"extrusion":[24],"(DPE).":[25],"The":[26,154],"primary":[27],"objective":[28],"was":[29,110],"to":[30,60,112,161,185,209],"evaluate":[31],"whether":[32],"NIR":[33,91,99,104,156,177,196],"spectral":[34,114],"data":[35],"could":[36],"reliably":[37],"predict":[38],"key":[39],"attributes":[41],"including":[42],"concentration,":[44],"porosity,":[45],"and":[46,65,82,86,101,137,146,205],"dissolution":[47,89,139,151],"behavior":[48],"using":[49,69,95],"chemometric":[50,183],"modeling.":[51],"Caffeine-loaded":[52],"hydroxypropyl":[53],"cellulose":[54],"(HPC)":[55],"formulations":[56],"ranging":[57],"from":[58],"0%":[59],"20%":[61],"were":[63,93],"prepared":[64],"printed":[66],"into":[67,198],"DPE-equipped":[71],"3D":[72,199],"printer.":[73],"Physical":[74],"characterization":[75],"included":[76],"rheology,":[77],"differential":[78],"scanning":[79],"calorimetry,":[80],"bulk":[81],"true":[83],"density":[84],"measurements,":[85],"in":[87],"vitro":[88],"testing.":[90],"spectra":[92],"collected":[94],"both":[96],"benchtop":[98,163],"system":[100],"miniature":[103,155,195],"device.":[105],"Partial":[106],"least":[107],"squares":[108],"regression":[109],"employed":[111],"correlate":[113],"variation":[115],"with":[116,182],"tablet":[117],"attributes,":[119],"achieving":[120],"strong":[121],"predictive":[122],"performance":[123,131],"content":[126],"(RMSEP":[127,134,140],"=":[128,135,141],"0.6%),":[129],"moderate":[130],"porosity":[133],"2.4%),":[136],"early":[138],"1.1%":[142],"at":[143],"15":[144],"min),":[145],"poor":[147],"accuracy":[148],"later":[150],"time":[152],"points.":[153],"device":[157],"yielded":[158],"comparable":[159],"results":[160],"system,":[164],"supporting":[165],"its":[166],"feasibility":[167],"point-of-care":[169],"implementation.":[170],"These":[171],"findings":[172],"highlight":[173],"potential":[175],"spectroscopy,":[178],"particularly":[179],"when":[180],"paired":[181],"modeling,":[184],"enable":[186],"rapid,":[187],"non-invasive":[188],"assessment":[190],"pharmaceuticals.":[193],"Incorporating":[194],"devices":[197],"printing":[200],"workflows":[201],"offers":[202],"practical":[204],"potentially":[206],"automated":[207],"pathway":[208],"support":[210],"decentralized":[211],"pharmaceutical":[212],"manufacturing,":[213],"enabling":[214],"assurance":[217],"each":[219],"print.":[220]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}