{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225425436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21925682261507648","title":"Serial Radiographic Evolution and All-Cause Mortality in Older Adults with Isolated Type II Odontoid Fractures: A 15-Year Single-Center Cohort Study","display_name":"Serial Radiographic Evolution and All-Cause Mortality in Older Adults with Isolated Type II Odontoid Fractures: A 15-Year Single-Center Cohort Study","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225425436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21925682261507648","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42994501","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/13743548"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/21925682261507648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21925682261507648","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21925682261507648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2739034459","display_name":"Global Spine Journal","issn_l":"2192-5682","issn":["2192-5682","2192-5690"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Spine Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21925682261507648","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000392901","display_name":"Jan Gewiess","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9366-6375","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9366-6375"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801112126","display_name":"University Hospital of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/01q9sj412","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jan Gewiess","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bern University Hospital","University of Bern"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9366-6375","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bern University Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bern","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161091271","display_name":"Domas Bubulis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801112126","display_name":"University Hospital of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/01q9sj412","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Domas Bubulis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bern University Hospital","University of Bern"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bern University Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bern","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092404540","display_name":"S.F. Schaible","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-498X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0940-498X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801112126","display_name":"University Hospital of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/01q9sj412","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samuel Friedrich Schaible","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bern University Hospital","University of Bern"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bern University Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bern","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090684447","display_name":"Moritz C. Deml","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-4820","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-4820"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801112126","display_name":"University Hospital of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/01q9sj412","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Moritz Caspar Deml","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bern University Hospital","University of Bern"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1829-4820","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bern University Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bern","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077036701","display_name":"Thomas Lustenberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-2657","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7648-2657"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801112126","display_name":"University Hospital of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/01q9sj412","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Lustenberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bern University Hospital","University of Bern"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bern University Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bern","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021868713","display_name":"Christian Tinner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2920-7518","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2920-7518"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118564535","display_name":"University of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/02k7v4d05","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801112126","display_name":"University Hospital of Bern","ror":"https://ror.org/01q9sj412","country_code":"CH","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Tinner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bern University Hospital","University of Bern"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2920-7518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bern University Hospital","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801112126"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bern","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000392901"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118564535","https://openalex.org/I2801112126"],"apc_list":{"value":2650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2650},"apc_paid":{"value":2650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2650},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"21925682261507648","last_page":"21925682261507648"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10776","display_name":"Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10776","display_name":"Spinal Fractures and Fixation Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10658","display_name":"Bone fractures and treatments","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11509","display_name":"Hip and Femur Fractures","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/odontoid-fracture","display_name":"odontoid fracture","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-ii-odontoid-fracture","display_name":"type II odontoid fracture","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/all-cause-mortality","display_name":"all-cause mortality","score":0.925000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conservative-treatment","display_name":"conservative treatment","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operative-reduction","display_name":"operative reduction","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fracture-displacement","display_name":"fracture displacement","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fracture-angulation","display_name":"fracture angulation","score":0.9359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cervical-alignment","display_name":"cervical alignment","score":0.871999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cervical-spine-injury","display_name":"cervical spine injury","score":0.492000013589859}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.9835000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.6726999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36454342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245341","display_name":"Radiography","level":2,"score":0.6503000259399414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.6419000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141071460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40821","display_name":"Surgery","level":1,"score":0.5281999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.5228999853134155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780073493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7523837","display_name":"Single Center","level":2,"score":0.43619999289512634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","level":2,"score":0.4205000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4106999933719635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780110798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2980337","display_name":"Trauma center","level":3,"score":0.39989998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.37599998712539673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.3418999910354614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777895361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1758614","display_name":"Longitudinal study","level":2,"score":0.32260000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179755657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702","display_name":"Mortality rate","level":2,"score":0.31459999084472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985379065","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900457","display_name":"Cervical spine","level":2,"score":0.3028999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779159551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414874","display_name":"Comorbidity","level":2,"score":0.2865000069141388}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/21925682261507648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21925682261507648","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21925682261507648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2739034459","display_name":"Global Spine Journal","issn_l":"2192-5682","issn":["2192-5682","2192-5690"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Spine Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:42994501","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/42994501","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global spine journal","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:13743548","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC13743548/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Spine J","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"doi:10.48620/102348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48620/102348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48620/102348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407053152","display_name":"Open Access CRIS of the University of Bern","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/21925682261507648","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21925682261507648","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21925682261507648","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2739034459","display_name":"Global Spine Journal","issn_l":"2192-5682","issn":["2192-5682","2192-5690"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Global Spine Journal","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2000445173","https://openalex.org/W2039698000","https://openalex.org/W2045030413","https://openalex.org/W2411108674","https://openalex.org/W2914880502","https://openalex.org/W3036664637","https://openalex.org/W3117594772","https://openalex.org/W3125802675","https://openalex.org/W3130132905","https://openalex.org/W3181383229","https://openalex.org/W4252778416","https://openalex.org/W4281260350","https://openalex.org/W4310603082","https://openalex.org/W4312218012","https://openalex.org/W4315436945","https://openalex.org/W4382364536","https://openalex.org/W4384119696","https://openalex.org/W4386834083","https://openalex.org/W4387223156","https://openalex.org/W4389705078","https://openalex.org/W4400729509","https://openalex.org/W4401953411","https://openalex.org/W4412487794","https://openalex.org/W4414382082","https://openalex.org/W7134110917"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7096953360","https://openalex.org/W2166331604","https://openalex.org/W7214778360","https://openalex.org/W7214725246","https://openalex.org/W2037172554","https://openalex.org/W7103196609","https://openalex.org/W3130132905","https://openalex.org/W4414382082","https://openalex.org/W4387223156","https://openalex.org/W2417381913"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Study":[0],"DesignRetrospective":[1],"cohort":[2],"study.ObjectivesTo":[3],"characterize":[4],"serial":[5],"radiographic":[6,194],"evolution":[7],"after":[8,116,198],"operative":[9,71,92,102,144,186],"and":[10,22,44,52,84,93,106,190],"non-operative":[11,117,199],"management":[12,135,200],"of":[13],"isolated":[14,30],"type":[15,31],"II":[16,32],"odontoid":[17,33],"fractures":[18,34],"in":[19],"older":[20],"adults":[21],"examine":[23],"all-cause":[24],"mortality.MethodsAdults":[25],"aged":[26],"\u226565":[27],"years":[28],"with":[29,65,98,140,143,158,203,210,216],"treated":[35],"at":[36],"a":[37],"Level":[38],"I":[39],"trauma":[40],"center":[41],"between":[42],"2010":[43],"2025":[45],"were":[46,55,89],"included.":[47],"Serial":[48],"fracture":[49],"displacement,":[50],"angulation,":[51],"cervical":[53],"alignment":[54],"assessed":[56,80],"through":[57],"6":[58,184],"months.":[59],"Mixed-effects":[60],"models":[61],"evaluated":[62],"longitudinal":[63],"changes,":[64],"fixation-technique":[66],"comparisons":[67],"explored":[68],"within":[69],"the":[70,175],"subgroup.":[72],"All-cause":[73,206],"mortality":[74,141,159,207],"from":[75],"definitive":[76],"treatment":[77,145,176,217,226],"initiation":[78],"was":[79,104,114,123,136,155,188,196,208,219],"using":[81],"Kaplan-Meier":[82],"analysis":[83],"age-adjusted":[85],"Cox":[86],"regression.ResultsEighty-six":[87],"patients":[88,97,202],"included:":[90],"33":[91],"53":[94],"non-operative.":[95],"Among":[96],"available":[99,204],"follow-up":[100],"imaging,":[101],"reduction":[103,187],"maintained,":[105],"no":[107,191,213],"statistically":[108,192],"significant":[109,120,193,214],"progressive":[110],"displacement":[111,126],"or":[112,128,228],"angulation":[113,129],"detected":[115,124,197],"management.":[118],"No":[119],"timepoint-by-technique":[121],"interaction":[122],"for":[125],"(p=0.092)":[127],"(p=0.823).":[130],"Fifty":[131],"deaths":[132],"occurred.":[133],"Non-operative":[134],"not":[137,172,224],"significantly":[138],"associated":[139,157,209],"compared":[142],"(HR":[146,160,178],"0.93,":[147],"95%":[148,164,180],"CI":[149,165,181],"0.51-1.70;":[150],"p=0.806),":[151],"whereas":[152,212],"increasing":[153],"age":[154],"independently":[156],"1.09":[161],"per":[162],"year,":[163],"1.05-1.13;":[166],"p<0.0001).":[167],"Including":[168],"calendar":[169],"year":[170],"did":[171],"materially":[173],"alter":[174],"estimate":[177],"0.88,":[179],"0.48-1.63;":[182],"p=0.688).ConclusionsThrough":[183],"months,":[185],"maintained":[189],"progression":[195],"among":[201],"imaging.":[205],"age,":[211],"association":[215],"strategy":[218],"detected.":[220],"These":[221],"findings":[222],"do":[223],"establish":[225],"superiority":[227],"equivalence.":[229]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}