{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225415282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605325102391","title":"Otters appear to have declined throughout Ireland amid increased pressures on water quality, but remain ubiquitous","display_name":"Otters appear to have declined throughout Ireland amid increased pressures on water quality, but remain ubiquitous","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225415282","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605325102391"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0030605325102391","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605325102391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605325102391","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/ABB149C828C945C39E21A637EB74D6AD/S0030605325102391a.pdf/div-class-title-otters-appear-to-have-declined-throughout-ireland-amid-increased-pressures-on-water-quality-but-remain-ubiquitous-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173884034","display_name":"Oryx","issn_l":"0030-6053","issn":["0030-6053","1365-3008"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oryx","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/ABB149C828C945C39E21A637EB74D6AD/S0030605325102391a.pdf/div-class-title-otters-appear-to-have-declined-throughout-ireland-amid-increased-pressures-on-water-quality-but-remain-ubiquitous-div.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026651294","display_name":"Neil Reid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8951-8292","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8951-8292"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126231945","display_name":"Queen's University Belfast","ror":"https://ror.org/00hswnk62","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Neil Reid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Queen\u2019s University Belfast"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8951-8292","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Queen\u2019s University Belfast","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161029098","display_name":"Karina Dingerkus","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Karina Dingerkus","raw_affiliation_strings":["Giorria Environmental Services"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Giorria Environmental Services","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108548700","display_name":"Richard Stone","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard Stone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Giorria Environmental Services"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Giorria Environmental Services","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028981021","display_name":"Kendrew Colhoun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4451-695X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4451-695X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kendrew Colhoun","raw_affiliation_strings":["KRC Ecological Ltd"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"KRC Ecological Ltd","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124690063","display_name":"Lisa Maddox","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155302","display_name":"Northern Ireland Environment Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/01d29cd45","country_code":"GB","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3142235180","https://openalex.org/I4387155302"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lisa Maddox","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northern Ireland Environment Agency"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northern Ireland Environment Agency","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4387155302"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038655463","display_name":"Ferdia Marnell","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1304442876","display_name":"National Parks and Wildlife Service","ror":"https://ror.org/01ae3dk53","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1304442876"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387155955","display_name":"National Parks and Wildlife Service","ror":"https://ror.org/03xkf7525","country_code":"IE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120019","https://openalex.org/I4387155955"]}],"countries":["AU","IE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferdia Marnell","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Parks and Wildlife Service"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Parks and Wildlife Service","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1304442876","https://openalex.org/I4387155955"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026651294"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126231945"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"17"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.8833000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10199","display_name":"Wildlife Ecology and Conservation","score":0.8833000063896179,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14039","display_name":"Ecology and biodiversity studies","score":0.06970000267028809,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10302","display_name":"Fish Ecology and Management Studies","score":0.013799999840557575,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eurasian-otter","display_name":"Lutra lutra","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population-decline-ecology","display_name":"population decline (ecology)","score":0.9679999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-quality","display_name":"water quality","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habitat-use","display_name":"habitat use","score":0.4480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recreational-fishing","display_name":"recreational fishing","score":0.7289999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/peatlands","display_name":"peatlands","score":0.8019999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-pollution","display_name":"agricultural pollution","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/siltation","display_name":"siltation","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-withdrawal","display_name":"water abstraction","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/site-disturbance","display_name":"site disturbance","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/citizen-science","display_name":"citizen science","score":0.527999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-population-trends","display_name":"long-term population trends","score":0.6809999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conservation-status","display_name":"conservation status","score":0.593999981880188}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778139064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446882","display_name":"Lutra","level":3,"score":0.9391999840736389},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776931103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200184","display_name":"Otter","level":2,"score":0.7998999953269958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24518262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16197023","display_name":"Threatened species","level":3,"score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6876000165939331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11731853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13360049","display_name":"Riparian zone","level":3,"score":0.5799000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5099999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.4999000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31568149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q719675","display_name":"Near-threatened species","level":4,"score":0.4422000050544739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.4300999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29376679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241741","display_name":"Wildlife","level":2,"score":0.4255000054836273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160331591","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075743","display_name":"Occupancy","level":2,"score":0.42239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.4032999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203174812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241565","display_name":"Woodland","level":2,"score":0.4007999897003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.3959999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46685645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2890135","display_name":"Freshwater ecosystem","level":3,"score":0.3831999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C514101110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14373","display_name":"Fishing","level":2,"score":0.36579999327659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526734887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q832237","display_name":"Environmental protection","level":1,"score":0.3553999960422516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147366489","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q766328","display_name":"Wildlife conservation","level":3,"score":0.3472999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780797713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q625376","display_name":"Water quality","level":2,"score":0.34439998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166548495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q580178","display_name":"Wildlife management","level":3,"score":0.32190001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169733012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613416","display_name":"Population size","level":3,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780737616","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82673","display_name":"Conservation status","level":3,"score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64229544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552431","display_name":"Habitat destruction","level":3,"score":0.2953999936580658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126645576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166620","display_name":"Drainage basin","level":2,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776653109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q243359","display_name":"Ursus","level":3,"score":0.2854999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.27810001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779860289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284137","display_name":"Population decline","level":3,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43827410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32059","display_name":"IUCN Red List","level":2,"score":0.2605000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130217890","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47041","display_name":"Biodiversity","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110872660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37813","display_name":"Ecosystem","level":2,"score":0.2533000111579895}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0030605325102391","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605325102391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605325102391","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/ABB149C828C945C39E21A637EB74D6AD/S0030605325102391a.pdf/div-class-title-otters-appear-to-have-declined-throughout-ireland-amid-increased-pressures-on-water-quality-but-remain-ubiquitous-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173884034","display_name":"Oryx","issn_l":"0030-6053","issn":["0030-6053","1365-3008"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oryx","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0bcbb1dde5ff4295a9b650f857c4f995","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0bcbb1dde5ff4295a9b650f857c4f995","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Oryx, Pp 1-17","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0030605325102391","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605325102391","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0030605325102391","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/ABB149C828C945C39E21A637EB74D6AD/S0030605325102391a.pdf/div-class-title-otters-appear-to-have-declined-throughout-ireland-amid-increased-pressures-on-water-quality-but-remain-ubiquitous-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S173884034","display_name":"Oryx","issn_l":"0030-6053","issn":["0030-6053","1365-3008"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-70","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oryx","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7605999708175659},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.6618000268936157}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225415282.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225415282.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1964670816","https://openalex.org/W1982418512","https://openalex.org/W1984460384","https://openalex.org/W1989110365","https://openalex.org/W1993643238","https://openalex.org/W1995725465","https://openalex.org/W2009055995","https://openalex.org/W2021890376","https://openalex.org/W2027951447","https://openalex.org/W2051579187","https://openalex.org/W2053788905","https://openalex.org/W2075499955","https://openalex.org/W2083577756","https://openalex.org/W2103090196","https://openalex.org/W2153591546","https://openalex.org/W2158616726","https://openalex.org/W2168244002","https://openalex.org/W2399523624","https://openalex.org/W2791637375","https://openalex.org/W3007981055","https://openalex.org/W3092768445","https://openalex.org/W3119431438","https://openalex.org/W3195491842","https://openalex.org/W4226186854","https://openalex.org/W4385697442","https://openalex.org/W4386517384","https://openalex.org/W4388221460","https://openalex.org/W4390628673","https://openalex.org/W4392999372","https://openalex.org/W4393181829","https://openalex.org/W4400254780","https://openalex.org/W4401304591","https://openalex.org/W4403900033"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7126943447","https://openalex.org/W2132630923","https://openalex.org/W75016068","https://openalex.org/W4407122878","https://openalex.org/W2158616726","https://openalex.org/W4389152248","https://openalex.org/W7039731105","https://openalex.org/W1973662638","https://openalex.org/W7095859184","https://openalex.org/W2113549806"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Governments":[1],"must":[2],"report":[3],"on":[4,202],"the":[5,17,31,34,63,84,89,114,210,228],"conservation":[6],"status":[7],"of":[8,60,65,72,95,109,116,133,168,230],"species":[9],"designated":[10],"as":[11],"protected.":[12],"We":[13],"assessed":[14],"changes":[15,108],"in":[16,62,74,83,88,113,122,131,249],"Near":[18],"Threatened":[19],"Eurasian":[20],"otter":[21],"Lutra":[22],"lutra":[23],"population":[24,90],"throughout":[25],"Ireland":[26,66,117],"(the":[27],"whole":[28],"island)":[29],"from":[30,223],"1980s":[32],"to":[33,111,120,209,226,243],"2020s":[35],"using":[36],"four":[37],"National":[38],"Otter":[39],"Surveys":[40],"(6,060":[41],"sites":[42,61,73],"surveyed)":[43],"and":[44,67,79,118,154,158,160,186,205,235],"citizen":[45],"science":[46],"data":[47],"(10,980":[48],"records).":[49],"In":[50],"2023\u20132024,":[51],"otters":[52,197],"were":[53,81,177],"recorded":[54,130],"at":[55],"65%":[56],"(95%":[57,69],"CI":[58,70],"62\u201368%)":[59],"Republic":[64,115],"66%":[68],"58\u201374%)":[71],"Northern":[75,123],"Ireland.":[76,124],"Rivers,":[77],"lakes":[78],"coasts":[80],"included":[82],"surveys.":[85],"Long-term":[86],"trends":[87,106],"estimate":[91],"indicate":[92],"a":[93],"decline":[94],"24\u221227%":[96],"(or":[97],"3\u221218%":[98],"after":[99],"correction":[100],"for":[101,216],"negative":[102,218],"methodological":[103,219],"biases).":[104],"Short-term":[105],"indicated":[107],"\u22127%":[110],"+2%":[112],"\u221226%":[119],"\u221227%":[121],"Otters":[125],"remain":[126],"widespread,":[127],"having":[128],"been":[129],"95%":[132],"hectads":[134],"(10":[135],"\u00d7":[136],"10":[137],"km":[138],"squares),":[139],"with":[140,149,164,173],"no":[141],"range":[142],"reduction.":[143],"They":[144],"prefer":[145],"wide,":[146],"fast-flowing":[147],"rivers":[148],"rocky":[150],"substrates,":[151],"unmaintained":[152],"banks,":[153],"riparian":[155],"woodlands":[156],"(trees":[157],"shrubs),":[159],"are":[161],"positively":[162],"associated":[163],"angling":[165],"(probably":[166],"because":[167],"salmonid":[169],"prey)":[170],"but":[171,199],"negatively":[172],"peatlands.":[174],"Eleven":[175],"pressures":[176],"identified,":[178],"notably":[179],"site":[180],"disturbance,":[181],"including":[182],"agricultural":[183],"pollution,":[184],"siltation":[185],"water":[187,203,250],"abstraction,":[188],"which":[189],"increased":[190],"over":[191],"time.":[192],"No":[193],"single":[194],"pressure":[195],"threatens":[196],"nationally,":[198],"cumulative":[200],"effects":[201],"quality":[204],"ecosystems":[206],"likely":[207],"contributed":[208],"decline.":[211],"Future":[212],"research":[213],"should":[214,238],"account":[215],"potential":[217],"biases,":[220],"disaggregating":[221],"detection":[222,248],"occupancy":[224],"probability":[225],"capture":[227],"magnitude":[229],"any":[231],"change":[232],"more":[233],"accurately,":[234],"future":[236],"surveys":[237],"adopt":[239],"techniques":[240],"less":[241],"vulnerable":[242],"biases":[244],"(e.g.":[245],"environmental":[246],"DNA":[247],"samples).":[251]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}
