{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225406499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/kev7w_v1","title":"Rebates on the Ballot: Exposure to the $500 ACA Checks and Voting Behavior in the 2026 Midterm Elections","display_name":"Rebates on the Ballot: Exposure to the $500 ACA Checks and Voting Behavior in the 2026 Midterm Elections","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225406499","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/kev7w_v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.31235/osf.io/kev7w_v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/kev7w_v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/kev7w_v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401238","display_name":"SocArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/kev7w_v1","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071339427","display_name":"Tejendra Pratap Singh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0154-4187","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0154-4187"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tejendra Pratap Singh","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0154-4187","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5071339427"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13718","display_name":"Media Influence and Politics","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voter-turnout","display_name":"voter turnout","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/republican-vote-share","display_name":"Republican vote share","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/county-level-elections","display_name":"county-level elections","score":0.3930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-income-counties","display_name":"low-income counties","score":0.5889999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-insurance-marketplaces","display_name":"health insurance exchanges","score":0.4350000023841858}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162144332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665305","display_name":"Instrumental variable","level":2,"score":0.5644000172615051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C610760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1340706","display_name":"Endogeneity","level":2,"score":0.5303000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.5063999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520049643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189760","display_name":"Voting","level":3,"score":0.47850000858306885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84265765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193219","display_name":"Subsidy","level":2,"score":0.4763000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.435699999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4171999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779861158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549811","display_name":"Generosity","level":2,"score":0.4081999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.4025999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.359499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777094542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905151","display_name":"Ballot","level":4,"score":0.3587999939918518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.3472000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158129432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7766927","display_name":"Statutory law","level":2,"score":0.34540000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780964353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7318025","display_name":"Revenue sharing","level":3,"score":0.3325999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.32679998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108650721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783253","display_name":"Counterfactual thinking","level":2,"score":0.3199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781462389","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43109","display_name":"Referendum","level":3,"score":0.3163999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777388388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6821213","display_name":"Wage","level":2,"score":0.30410000681877136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162077342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062630","display_name":"Tax credit","level":2,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779268580","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3447087","display_name":"Allowance (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.29829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.29589998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.29580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26869875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2596417","display_name":"Beneficiary","level":2,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121964417","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q385503","display_name":"Tax revenue","level":2,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.2847999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501008422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171174","display_name":"Direct democracy","level":4,"score":0.2775999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778126366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41171","display_name":"Unemployment","level":2,"score":0.26089999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777070848","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7307387","display_name":"Reform Act","level":2,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94982200","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380545","display_name":"Entitlement (fair division)","level":2,"score":0.2522999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.2515999972820282}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.31235/osf.io/kev7w_v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/kev7w_v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/kev7w_v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401238","display_name":"SocArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.31235/osf.io/kev7w_v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/kev7w_v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/kev7w_v1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401238","display_name":"SocArXiv (OSF Preprints)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2799848540","host_organization_name":"Center for Open Science","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799848540"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.5676000118255615,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.5473999977111816,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2766733932","https://openalex.org/W2613074217","https://openalex.org/W2770208106","https://openalex.org/W2980750205","https://openalex.org/W4406281403","https://openalex.org/W4416337732","https://openalex.org/W2936926729","https://openalex.org/W7223443662","https://openalex.org/W2980086139","https://openalex.org/W2925511497"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"How":[0],"do":[1],"targeted,":[2],"one-time":[3],"fiscal":[4],"rebates":[5],"distributed":[6,74],"amidst":[7],"a":[8,150],"sharp":[9],"contraction":[10],"in":[11,82,137,188],"social":[12],"insurance":[13],"generosity":[14],"affect":[15],"electoral":[16,113],"participation":[17],"and":[18,54,96,106,144,166,178,191],"partisan":[19],"vote":[20,181],"shares?":[21],"In":[22],"2026,":[23],"the":[24,36,66,71,83,87,112,119,124,184],"expiration":[25],"of":[26,52,65,115,126],"enhanced":[27],"Affordable":[28],"Care":[29],"Act":[30],"(ACA)":[31],"premium":[32,48,57],"tax":[33],"credits":[34],"restored":[35],"statutory":[37,138],"400%":[38],"Federal":[39],"Poverty":[40],"Level":[41],"(FPL)":[42],"subsidy":[43],"cliff,":[44],"eliminated":[45],"zero-dollar":[46],"($0)":[47],"plans":[49],"for":[50],"millions":[51],"households,":[53],"raised":[55],"required":[56],"contributions":[58],"across":[59],"all":[60],"subsidized":[61],"income":[62],"tiers.":[63],"Ahead":[64],"November":[67],"2026":[68],"midterm":[69],"elections,":[70],"federal":[72],"executive":[73],"$500":[75,120],"rebate":[76],"checks":[77],"to":[78,118,149],"unsubsidized":[79,127],"Marketplace":[80,94],"enrollees":[81],"30":[84],"states":[85],"using":[86],"federally":[88],"facilitated":[89],"exchange":[90],"platform.":[91],"Combining":[92],"county-level":[93],"enrollment":[95],"plan-pricing":[97],"records":[98],"with":[99,183,193],"household":[100],"survey":[101],"microdata,":[102],"regional":[103],"economic":[104],"indicators,":[105],"county-by-contest":[107],"election":[108],"returns,":[109],"I":[110,129],"estimate":[111],"impact":[114],"county":[116],"exposure":[117,173],"checks.":[121],"To":[122],"address":[123],"endogeneity":[125],"enrollment,":[128],"construct":[130],"simulated":[131],"instrumental":[132],"variables":[133],"isolating":[134],"exogenous":[135],"variation":[136],"tax-schedule":[139],"changes,":[140],"zero-premium":[141],"plan":[142],"termination,":[143],"leave-own-rating-area-out":[145],"insurer":[146],"pricing":[147],"applied":[148],"fixed":[151],"national":[152],"reference":[153],"population.":[154],"Two-stage":[155],"least":[156],"squares":[157],"estimates,":[158],"supported":[159],"by":[160],"leave-one-county-out":[161],"jackknife,":[162],"omitted":[163],"variable":[164],"bias,":[165],"randomization":[167],"inference":[168],"checks,":[169],"demonstrate":[170],"that":[171],"check":[172],"substantially":[174],"increased":[175],"voter":[176],"turnout":[177],"Republican":[179],"two-party":[180],"shares,":[182],"largest":[185],"effects":[186],"concentrated":[187],"lower-income":[189],"counties":[190],"districts":[192],"high":[194],"minority":[195],"electorate":[196],"shares.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}