{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225404864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105820","title":"Beyond exposure: Pathways between urban greening, nature connection and wellbeing in Australian policy frameworks","display_name":"Beyond exposure: Pathways between urban greening, nature connection and wellbeing in Australian policy frameworks","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225404864","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105820"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105820","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105820","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204626002446/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104597489","display_name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","issn_l":"0169-2046","issn":["0169-2046","1872-6062"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204626002446/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059203011","display_name":"Rose Macaulay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7203-3942","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7203-3942"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Rose Macaulay","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010 Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7203-3942","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010 Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161108358","display_name":"Rebecca Toohey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9203-9196","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9203-9196"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rebecca Toohey","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010 Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9203-9196","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010 Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044238594","display_name":"St\u00e9phanie Lavau","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-451X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-451X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stephanie Lavau","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010 Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8942-451X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010 Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022446151","display_name":"Kathryn J. H. Williams","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-9065","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-9065"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathryn J.H. Williams","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010 Victoria, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7027-9065","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010 Victoria, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059203011"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"],"apc_list":{"value":3120,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3120},"apc_paid":{"value":3120,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3120},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"279","issue":null,"first_page":"105820","last_page":"105820"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13801","display_name":"Urban Arborization and Environmental Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-greening","display_name":"urban greening","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nature-connection","display_name":"nature connection","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/well-being","display_name":"well-being","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/policy-evaluation","display_name":"policy evaluation","score":0.828000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evaluation-indicators","display_name":"evaluation metrics","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-pathways","display_name":"causal pathways","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-infrastructure","display_name":"green infrastructure","score":0.41600000858306885}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779337067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4800961","display_name":"Articulation (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778354632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5604190","display_name":"Greening","level":2,"score":0.47440001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992647930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q22652","display_name":"Urban greening","level":3,"score":0.4332999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.4302000105381012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.3790999948978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13355873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920850","display_name":"Connection (principal bundle)","level":2,"score":0.3774999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.33230000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3163999915122986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87427459","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12831143","display_name":"Human geography","level":2,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776420229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7981051","display_name":"Well-being","level":2,"score":0.2946999967098236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33676613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13415176","display_name":"Dimension (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.28290000557899475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42942097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17162680","display_name":"Place attachment","level":2,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58941895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295865","display_name":"Ecosystem services","level":3,"score":0.27480000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.26930001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.260699987411499},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.26019999384880066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118817725","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13417202","display_name":"Place identity","level":3,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190542761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q904637","display_name":"Devolution (biology)","level":3,"score":0.25189998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992132446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban policy","level":3,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105820","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105820","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204626002446/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104597489","display_name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","issn_l":"0169-2046","issn":["0169-2046","1872-6062"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105820","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2026.105820","pdf_url":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169204626002446/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S104597489","display_name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","issn_l":"0169-2046","issn":["0169-2046","1872-6062"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Landscape and Urban Planning","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8787999749183655,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"},{"display_name":"Life on land","score":0.7605999708175659,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4000000059604645,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320974","display_name":"University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225404864.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225404864.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1976087027","https://openalex.org/W1985363405","https://openalex.org/W2028997313","https://openalex.org/W2052727181","https://openalex.org/W2234016185","https://openalex.org/W2272853385","https://openalex.org/W2289270062","https://openalex.org/W2296881293","https://openalex.org/W2518253771","https://openalex.org/W2552670011","https://openalex.org/W2554443653","https://openalex.org/W2582172244","https://openalex.org/W2604573184","https://openalex.org/W2612470781","https://openalex.org/W2659447563","https://openalex.org/W2739100911","https://openalex.org/W2743768722","https://openalex.org/W2754587130","https://openalex.org/W2765353073","https://openalex.org/W2949222488","https://openalex.org/W2950780324","https://openalex.org/W2952882975","https://openalex.org/W2964203982","https://openalex.org/W2991128039","https://openalex.org/W2999867421","https://openalex.org/W3041185715","https://openalex.org/W3201753811","https://openalex.org/W4221133843","https://openalex.org/W4280507206","https://openalex.org/W4303982116","https://openalex.org/W4311770283","https://openalex.org/W4313325335","https://openalex.org/W4321250377","https://openalex.org/W4324148890","https://openalex.org/W4361246227","https://openalex.org/W4379013032","https://openalex.org/W4385691013","https://openalex.org/W4402936544","https://openalex.org/W4406048789","https://openalex.org/W4411205183","https://openalex.org/W4411922172","https://openalex.org/W4415296752","https://openalex.org/W7131657936"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2943972449","https://openalex.org/W3047515894","https://openalex.org/W4280599399","https://openalex.org/W3009252888","https://openalex.org/W3199932866","https://openalex.org/W2904494621","https://openalex.org/W7125102440","https://openalex.org/W7131293578","https://openalex.org/W2912081621","https://openalex.org/W2947223361"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0],"greening":[1,43,51,175],"initiatives":[2],"are":[3,154,159],"increasingly":[4],"positioned":[5],"as":[6,117,197],"strategies":[7,54,80,90,134],"to":[8,26,103,125,139],"improve":[9],"health":[10],"and":[11,35,52,56,59,73,82,96,100,120,132,151,156,185,195],"wellbeing":[12,58,95,141,150,196],"in":[13,28,41,161],"cities.":[14],"While":[15],"academic":[16],"research":[17],"has":[18],"long":[19],"acknowledged":[20],"the":[21],"role":[22],"of":[23,67,94,113,170,180,187],"psychological":[24,101,168],"connections":[25,102,124],"nature":[27,60,126,152,171,193],"shaping":[29],"wellbeing,":[30],"it":[31],"is":[32,39],"unclear":[33],"whether":[34],"how":[36,48,79,149,157],"this":[37],"relationship":[38],"recognised":[40],"urban":[42,50,114,174],"policy.":[44],"This":[45,143],"study":[46],"examines":[47],"Australian":[49],"biodiversity":[53],"conceptualise":[55],"evaluate":[57],"connection.":[61],"We":[62,86,163],"conducted":[63],"a":[64,145],"structured":[65],"review":[66],"43":[68],"policy":[69],"documents":[70],"from":[71,129],"state":[72],"local":[74],"governments":[75],"across":[76],"Australia,":[77],"analysing":[78],"define":[81],"operationalise":[83],"these":[84],"concepts.":[85],"found":[87],"that":[88,190],"while":[89],"acknowledge":[91],"multiple":[92],"dimensions":[93,169],"recognise":[97],"both":[98,192],"physical":[99],"nature,":[104],"evaluation":[105,130,188],"practices":[106],"focus":[107],"almost":[108],"exclusively":[109],"on":[110],"biophysical":[111],"outputs":[112],"greening,":[115],"such":[116],"canopy":[118],"cover":[119],"park":[121],"access.":[122],"Psychological":[123],"were":[127],"absent":[128],"targets,":[131],"most":[133],"lacked":[135],"indicators":[136],"assessing":[137],"medium-":[138],"long-term":[140],"outcomes.":[142,199],"highlights":[144],"significant":[146],"gap":[147],"between":[148],"connection":[153,172,194],"conceptualised":[155],"they":[158],"evaluated":[160],"practice.":[162],"provide":[164],"recommendations":[165],"for":[166],"integrating":[167],"into":[173],"policy,":[176],"including":[177],"clearer":[178],"articulation":[179],"causal":[181],"pathways,":[182],"consistent":[183],"conceptualisation,":[184],"development":[186],"frameworks":[189],"capture":[191],"measurable":[198]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}