{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225399737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-02187-6","title":"Structural screening and event-aware analysis of official HYROX split data: a retrospective study of top-ranked results","display_name":"Structural screening and event-aware analysis of official HYROX split data: a retrospective study of top-ranked results","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225399737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-02187-6"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13102-026-02187-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-02187-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-02187-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191135","display_name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","issn_l":"2052-1847","issn":["2052-1847"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-02187-6","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056842617","display_name":"Shi Hongjie","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162058","display_name":"Capital University of Physical Education and Sports","ror":"https://ror.org/054nkx469","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162058"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongjie Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, 11 North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, 11 North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162058"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161019536","display_name":"Jinghui Zhong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162058","display_name":"Capital University of Physical Education and Sports","ror":"https://ror.org/054nkx469","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162058"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinghui Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, 11 North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, 11 North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162058"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112860098","display_name":"Jiyan Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2543-7008","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2543-7008"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162058","display_name":"Capital University of Physical Education and Sports","ror":"https://ror.org/054nkx469","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162058"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiyan Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, 11 North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Capital University of Physical Education and Sports, 11 North Third Ring West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162058"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5151675232","display_name":"Chang Lu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17747738","display_name":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine","ror":"https://ror.org/05damtm70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17747738"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chang Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North 3rd Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, North 3rd Ring East Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17747738"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5151675232"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17747738"],"apc_list":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"apc_paid":{"value":2890,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2890},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10157","display_name":"Sports Performance and Training","score":0.9775000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2732","display_name":"Orthopedics and Sports Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11674","display_name":"Sports Analytics and Performance","score":0.014700000174343586,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10813","display_name":"Sport Psychology and Performance","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pacing-strategy","display_name":"pacing strategy","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-deduplication","display_name":"data deduplication","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event-structure","display_name":"event structure","score":0.5180000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race-timing","display_name":"race timing","score":0.335999995470047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-quality-audit","display_name":"data quality audit","score":0.33799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-robust-standard-errors","display_name":"cluster-robust standard errors","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fixed-effects-model","display_name":"fixed effects model","score":0.49000000953674316}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.5972999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.5706999897956848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.5130000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199521495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181487","display_name":"Audit","level":2,"score":0.4496000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23131810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q818574","display_name":"Observational study","level":2,"score":0.4242999851703644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778067643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q166507","display_name":"Interval (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.41530001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40880000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167135981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2146302","display_name":"Retrospective cohort study","level":2,"score":0.3894999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.36809998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12997251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q567560","display_name":"Anomaly (physics)","level":2,"score":0.35659998655319214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93959086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888345","display_name":"Model selection","level":2,"score":0.3449000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.3377000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.336899995803833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3181999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.3084999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.29280000925064087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40423286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284172","display_name":"Selection bias","level":2,"score":0.2919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.2854999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154504017","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853614","display_name":"Identifier","level":2,"score":0.28360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.2644999921321869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.26330000162124634}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13102-026-02187-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-02187-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-02187-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191135","display_name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","issn_l":"2052-1847","issn":["2052-1847"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s13102-026-02187-6","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-02187-6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-026-02187-6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210191135","display_name":"BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation","issn_l":"2052-1847","issn":["2052-1847"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7224018356","https://openalex.org/W7130363426","https://openalex.org/W2326323789","https://openalex.org/W7164417122","https://openalex.org/W7169538556","https://openalex.org/W7212291078","https://openalex.org/W7225127890","https://openalex.org/W7167207269","https://openalex.org/W2963811779","https://openalex.org/W7165500128"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Background":[1],"HYROX":[2,69,408],"combines":[3],"eight":[4,9],"1-km":[5],"running":[6,21,103,208],"segments":[7],"with":[8,155,229,311,366],"functional":[10],"work":[11],"stations.":[12],"Official":[13],"split":[14,409],"records":[15,64,164],"enable":[16],"observational":[17],"analysis":[18,342],"of":[19,137,273,281,395],"repeated":[20,34,128,177,400],"patterns":[22],"but":[23],"may":[24,32],"differ":[25],"across":[26,170],"events":[27],"in":[28],"timing":[29],"architecture":[30],"and":[31,52,90,97,101,111,142,181,296,327,354,379,402],"include":[33],"results":[35],"from":[36,66,165],"the":[37,106,117,135,156,250,282,293,303,312,349,362,393],"same":[38],"athlete.":[39,98],"We":[40,56],"evaluated":[41],"split-derived":[42,351],"pacing":[43,109,352],"metrics":[44,353],"while":[45],"explicitly":[46],"addressing":[47],"structural":[48,77],"comparability,":[49],"event":[50,95,140,172,398],"structure,":[51,399],"repeated-athlete":[53],"dependence.":[54],"Methods":[55],"retrospectively":[57],"analyzed":[58],"2,000":[59],"publicly":[60],"accessible":[61],"top-ranked":[62],"result":[63,153],"archived":[65,152,307],"four":[67],"official":[68,230,355,407],"ranking":[70],"groups":[71],"on":[72],"March":[73],"29,":[74],"2026.":[75],"Author-defined":[76],"heuristics":[78],"retained":[79],"1,909":[80],"records.":[81,178],"The":[82,232,338,357,390],"primary":[83,108,339],"Model":[84,120,160],"C":[85,161],"used":[86],"target-by-event":[87],"fixed":[88],"effects":[89],"two-way":[91,183],"cluster-robust":[92],"uncertainty":[93],"by":[94],"cell":[96],"Running-split":[99],"variability":[100,188],"late-race":[102,207],"fade":[104,209,239,274,359],"were":[105,112,276,291,376],"two":[107,350],"estimates":[110,370,375],"Holm-adjusted.":[113],"Sensitivity":[114],"analyses":[115],"reproduced":[116],"best-ranked":[118],"one-record-per-athlete":[119],"D,":[121],"applied":[122],"an":[123],"outcome-independent":[124,251,372],"deterministic":[125,252],"de-duplication":[126],"rule,":[127],"random":[129,270],"one-result-per-athlete":[130],"selection":[131,403],"500":[132,269],"times,":[133],"varied":[134],"handling":[136],"first-run":[138],"anomaly":[139],"cells,":[141],"estimated":[143],"event-adjusted":[144],"within-athlete":[145],"repeatability.":[146],"A":[147],"stratified":[148],"audit":[149],"independently":[150],"compared":[151],"pages":[154,308,334],"analytic":[157,313],"data.":[158,410],"Results":[159],"included":[162],"1,121":[163],"682":[166],"target-specific":[167],"athlete":[168,182],"identifiers":[169],"116":[171],"cells;":[173],"212":[174],"athletes":[175],"contributed":[176],"With":[179],"event-cell":[180],"clustered":[184],"uncertainty,":[185],"neither":[186],"running-split":[187],"(\u03b2":[189,210,241,260],"=":[190,204,211,224,242,261],"0.0105":[191],"per":[192,213],"+":[193,214],"0.10,":[194],"95%":[195,217,244,263,284,317],"confidence":[196],"interval":[197],"(CI)":[198],"-0.0049":[199],"to":[200,220,247,266],"0.0260;":[201],"Holm-adjusted":[202,222],"p":[203,223],"0.364)":[205,225],"nor":[206],"0.00449":[212],"60":[215],"s,":[216],"CI":[218,245,264,319],"-0.00271":[219],"0.01170;":[221],"was":[226],"clearly":[227],"associated":[228],"time.":[231,356],"best-ranked-result":[233,363],"rule":[234,253,364],"yielded":[235,254],"a":[236,255,386],"larger":[237,358],"positive":[238,258,369],"estimate":[240,259,360],"0.00929,":[243],"0.00261":[246],"0.01597),":[248],"whereas":[249],"smaller,":[256,367],"imprecise":[257,368],"0.00355,":[262],"-0.00383":[265],"0.01093).":[267],"Across":[268],"selections,":[271],"99.8%":[272],"coefficients":[275],"positive,":[277],"although":[278],"only":[279],"9.0%":[280],"corresponding":[283],"CIs":[285],"excluded":[286],"zero.":[287,301],"Event-adjusted":[288],"repeatability":[289],"fits":[290],"at":[292],"non-negative":[294],"boundary":[295],"are":[297,328,335],"reported":[298,329],"as":[299],"approximately":[300,377],"At":[302],"page":[304],"level,":[305],"48/48":[306],"agreed":[309,325],"exactly":[310,326],"dataset":[314],"(100%;":[315],"exact":[316],"binomial":[318],"92.6%-100%);":[320],"all":[321],"864":[322],"fields":[323,332],"also":[324],"descriptively":[330],"because":[331],"within":[333],"clustered.":[336],"Conclusions":[337],"event-aware":[340],"result-level":[341],"did":[343,380],"not":[344,381],"show":[345],"clear":[346],"associations":[347],"between":[348],"under":[361,371],"contrasted":[365],"selection.":[373],"Boundary":[374],"zero":[378],"permit":[382],"strong":[383],"inference":[384],"regarding":[385],"stable":[387],"athlete-specific":[388],"component.":[389],"findings":[391],"highlight":[392],"value":[394],"accounting":[396],"for":[397],"athletes,":[401],"rules":[404],"when":[405],"analyzing":[406]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}