{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225389359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720","title":"Speed breeding accelerates the conversion of waxy maize inbreds to C-type cytoplasmic male sterility for hybrid seed production","display_name":"Speed breeding accelerates the conversion of waxy maize inbreds to C-type cytoplasmic male sterility for hybrid seed production","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225389359","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2493613807","display_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","issn_l":"1664-462X","issn":["1664-462X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161071472","display_name":"Anna Pavliuchenkova","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Pavliuchenkova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161138605","display_name":"Dmitry Simonenko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dmitry Simonenko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038792274","display_name":"Andrey Olegovich Blinkov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9061-1849","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9061-1849"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrey Blinkov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091973567","display_name":"Viktoria S. Voronezhskaya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7609-6447","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7609-6447"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Viktoria Voronezhskaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158498045","display_name":"Yana Meglitskaya","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1529-2340","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0007-1529-2340"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yana Meglitskaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039308240","display_name":"Kristina Petrova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1909-2171","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1909-2171"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800235667","display_name":"Kurchatov Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/00n1nz186","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800235667"]}],"countries":["RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kristina Petrova","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kurchatov Center for Genome Research, National Research Center \u201cKurchatov Institute\u201d"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kurchatov Center for Genome Research, National Research Center \u201cKurchatov Institute\u201d","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800235667"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161015369","display_name":"Nikolai Benko","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikolai Benko","raw_affiliation_strings":["LLC \u201cAgroplazma\u201d"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LLC \u201cAgroplazma\u201d","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021939648","display_name":"Pavel Yu. Kroupin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3941","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6858-3941"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavel Kroupin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027531653","display_name":"Gennady I. Karlov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9016-103X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9016-103X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gennady Karlov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014530329","display_name":"\u041c.\u0413. \u0414\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0448\u0443\u043a","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6221-3659","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6221-3659"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mikhail Divashuk","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Genetic Technologies, All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038792274"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"apc_paid":{"value":3150,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":3801},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11229","display_name":"Genetics and Plant Breeding","score":0.44510000944137573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11229","display_name":"Genetics and Plant Breeding","score":0.44510000944137573,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12310","display_name":"Crop Yield and Soil Fertility","score":0.2320999950170517,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11927","display_name":"Plant Reproductive Biology","score":0.1981000006198883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speed-breeding","display_name":"speed breeding","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cytoplasmic-male-sterility","display_name":"cytoplasmic male sterility","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waxy-maize","display_name":"waxy maize","score":0.7429999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backcrossing","display_name":"backcrossing","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-seed-production","display_name":"hybrid seed production","score":0.9179999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maternal-lineage","display_name":"maternal lineage","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pollen-fertility","display_name":"pollen fertility","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embryo-culture","display_name":"embryo culture","score":0.6909999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flowering-synchrony","display_name":"flowering synchrony","score":0.5199999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generation-time","display_name":"generation time","score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grain-number","display_name":"grain number","score":0.36500000953674316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize-inbreds","display_name":"maize inbreds","score":0.5289999842643738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72472911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2004691","display_name":"Backcrossing","level":3,"score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.8654999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48189365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42621","display_name":"Hybrid","level":2,"score":0.7864000201225281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779674309","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1194132","display_name":"Tassel","level":3,"score":0.7078999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780618852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79932","display_name":"Pollen","level":2,"score":0.6991000175476074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776687438","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3749492","display_name":"Sterility","level":2,"score":0.6836000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776473034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q999895","display_name":"Cytoplasmic male sterility","level":3,"score":0.642799973487854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777539864","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3629905","display_name":"Hybrid seed","level":3,"score":0.5605999827384949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29172406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103129","display_name":"Stamen","level":3,"score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.4311000108718872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776927880","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5370214","display_name":"Embryo rescue","level":4,"score":0.39160001277923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.3880000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107917433","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779009","display_name":"Outcrossing","level":3,"score":0.3862000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76725341","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1893126","display_name":"Inbred strain","level":3,"score":0.36719998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112592230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339051","display_name":"Heterosis","level":3,"score":0.3598000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780926781","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q24344273","display_name":"Selfing","level":3,"score":0.34869998693466187},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.3479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190114075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133201","display_name":"Squash","level":2,"score":0.32019999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151970436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1420140","display_name":"Software maintainer","level":2,"score":0.3018999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180838311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3720208","display_name":"Maternal effect","level":4,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993531722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11575","display_name":"Zea mays","level":2,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30481170","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37748","display_name":"Chromosome","level":3,"score":0.2971000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67637954","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5270567","display_name":"Diallel cross","level":3,"score":0.2955999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74648111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3566379","display_name":"Extranuclear inheritance","level":4,"score":0.29089999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104959735","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4960291","display_name":"Breeding program","level":3,"score":0.28929999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28748434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170145","display_name":"Zygote","level":4,"score":0.2858000099658966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518429986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q964401","display_name":"Fertility","level":3,"score":0.2612000107765198}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2493613807","display_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","issn_l":"1664-462X","issn":["1664-462X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5e18e8eaf5294450851ab9b97bcbcc9d","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5e18e8eaf5294450851ab9b97bcbcc9d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science, Vol 17 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720","pdf_url":"https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/plant-science/articles/10.3389/fpls.2026.1965720/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2493613807","display_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","issn_l":"1664-462X","issn":["1664-462X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doaj","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320527","host_organization_name":"Frontiers Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320527"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Frontiers Media"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers in Plant Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.991100013256073,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327494","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225389359.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225389359.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W980560392","https://openalex.org/W1774840790","https://openalex.org/W1849694698","https://openalex.org/W1993025082","https://openalex.org/W1994089298","https://openalex.org/W2002381634","https://openalex.org/W2024556021","https://openalex.org/W2038262443","https://openalex.org/W2048303803","https://openalex.org/W2079564769","https://openalex.org/W2081868928","https://openalex.org/W2088100288","https://openalex.org/W2101166532","https://openalex.org/W2119180969","https://openalex.org/W2126182054","https://openalex.org/W2128365175","https://openalex.org/W2129637250","https://openalex.org/W2159474015","https://openalex.org/W2168133698","https://openalex.org/W2280008251","https://openalex.org/W2471211815","https://openalex.org/W2530315500","https://openalex.org/W2727409292","https://openalex.org/W2783034044","https://openalex.org/W2800918265","https://openalex.org/W2905578855","https://openalex.org/W2916246763","https://openalex.org/W2946332192","https://openalex.org/W3024302771","https://openalex.org/W3045924642","https://openalex.org/W3110945318","https://openalex.org/W3136271455","https://openalex.org/W3189525949","https://openalex.org/W3202693206","https://openalex.org/W3206672279","https://openalex.org/W4205718825","https://openalex.org/W4211109898","https://openalex.org/W4311862514","https://openalex.org/W4322705889","https://openalex.org/W4380488621","https://openalex.org/W4388348149","https://openalex.org/W4389504076","https://openalex.org/W4392897312","https://openalex.org/W4399042927","https://openalex.org/W4399097025","https://openalex.org/W4399363930","https://openalex.org/W4400015134","https://openalex.org/W4400304647","https://openalex.org/W4403218686","https://openalex.org/W4406018177","https://openalex.org/W4407114617","https://openalex.org/W4407416945","https://openalex.org/W4408060145","https://openalex.org/W4408247322","https://openalex.org/W4410720454","https://openalex.org/W4411006352","https://openalex.org/W4414299140","https://openalex.org/W4415027058","https://openalex.org/W4416096365","https://openalex.org/W4416764381","https://openalex.org/W4416896041","https://openalex.org/W4416918456","https://openalex.org/W4417050452","https://openalex.org/W7118465009","https://openalex.org/W7129107100","https://openalex.org/W7153352401","https://openalex.org/W7154496735","https://openalex.org/W7172402556"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416686354","https://openalex.org/W4406018177","https://openalex.org/W2543189425","https://openalex.org/W4410024132","https://openalex.org/W2368964891","https://openalex.org/W4417050452","https://openalex.org/W2905578855","https://openalex.org/W4214740646","https://openalex.org/W2382572450","https://openalex.org/W2007836643"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hybrid":[0],"maize":[1,35,134,145,354,379],"seed":[2,330],"production":[3,331],"requires":[4],"male-sterile":[5],"maternal":[6,44,67,96,185],"lines,":[7],"yet":[8],"converting":[9],"elite":[10],"lines":[11,45,69,97,363],"to":[12,26,39,255,264,281,311,372],"cytoplasmic":[13],"male":[14,305],"sterility":[15,306],"(CMS)":[16],"by":[17],"conventional":[18,373],"field":[19,101,300],"backcrossing":[20],"takes":[21],"years.":[22],"Our":[23],"goal":[24],"was":[25,62,98,109],"developed":[27,321],"a":[28],"speed":[29],"breeding":[30,374],"(SB)":[31],"protocol":[32],"adapted":[33],"for":[34,103,204,271,288,378,382],"and":[36,71,85,94,155,186,197,206,212,224,243,273,307,319,389],"apply":[37],"it":[38],"the":[40,66,75,79,91,95,106,113,124,153,184,192,240,250,256,293,312,328,340,357,361],"rapid":[41],"conversion":[42,349],"of":[43,57,78,90,127,183,210,332,344,350,360,364],"onto":[46],"CMS-C":[47,92],"cytoplasm":[48,352],"(Charrua)":[49],"through":[50],"successive":[51],"backcrosses":[52,194],"with":[53,65,123,347],"parallel":[54],"phenotypic":[55],"evaluation":[56],"tassel":[58,211],"fertility.":[59],"The":[60,161,367],"work":[61],"carried":[63,118],"out":[64,119],"waxy":[68],"V158wx":[70],"WF-9wx,":[72],"which":[73],"are":[74],"parental":[76,362],"components":[77],"heterotic":[80,333],"hybrids":[81],"\u201cRustark":[82],"AP\u201d,":[83],"\u201cVolya\u201d":[84],"\u201cWaterloo\u201d":[86],"(LLC":[87],"\u201cAgroplazma\u201d).":[88],"Crossing":[89],"donor":[93],"performed":[99],"under":[100,142,215,299,322],"conditions;":[102],"line":[104],"V158wx,":[105],"first":[107,341],"backcross":[108,131,348],"also":[110,381],"conducted":[111],"in":[112,120,133,137,172,218,253,261,266,276,283,353],"field.":[114],"Subsequent":[115],"crosses":[116],"were":[117,135,202,235,297,308],"SB":[121,143,173,216,323,346],"chambers":[122],"additional":[125],"application":[126],"embryo":[128],"culture.":[129],"Five":[130],"cycles":[132],"completed":[136],"13":[138],"months.":[139],"On":[140,189],"average,":[141,190],"conditions,":[144,301],"tassels":[146],"flowered":[147],"at":[148],"52.0\u201357.1":[149],"days":[150,159,166],"depending":[151],"on":[152],"genotype,":[154],"silks":[156],"emerged":[157],"2.0\u20132.3":[158],"later.":[160],"full":[162],"generation":[163],"averaged":[164],"79.0\u201381.2":[165],"across":[167,191],"five":[168,193,291],"cycles.":[169],"Performing":[170],"hybridization":[171],"proved":[174],"highly":[175],"effective":[176],"despite":[177],"difficulties":[178],"such":[179,385],"as":[180,386],"synchronizing":[181],"flowering":[182],"paternal":[187],"lines.":[188],"performed,":[195],"176.3":[196],"241.4":[198],"kernels":[199],"per":[200],"ear":[201],"produced":[203],"V158wx-C":[205,229],"WF-9wx-C,":[207,272],"respectively.":[208],"Assessment":[209],"pollen":[213],"fertility":[214],"conditions":[217],"BC":[219,225,267,277,284],"4":[220],"F":[221,227,262,269,279,286],"1":[222,228,263,270,278,280,287],"WF-9wx-C":[223],"5":[226,268,285],"plants":[230],"showed":[231],"that":[232],"their":[233],"anthers":[234],"shriveled,":[236],"not":[237,376],"exserted":[238],"from":[239,259,274],"floral":[241],"glumes,":[242],"contain":[244],"non-viable":[245],"pollen.":[246],"GBS":[247],"genotyping":[248],"confirmed":[249],"progressive":[251],"increase":[252],"similarity":[254],"recurrent":[257,313],"parent":[258],"50.3%":[260],"96.5%":[265],"86.7%":[275],"98.3%":[282],"V158wx-C.":[289],"After":[290],"backcrosses,":[292],"created":[294],"CMS":[295,351,358],"analogues":[296,317],"sown":[298],"where":[302],"they":[303],"demonstrated":[304],"phenotypically":[309],"similar":[310],"parents.":[314],"Both":[315],"sterile":[316],"(V158wx-C":[318],"WF-9wx-C)":[320],"will":[324],"be":[325],"incorporated":[326],"into":[327],"industrial":[329],"hybrids.":[334,366],"To":[335],"our":[336],"knowledge,":[337],"this":[338],"is":[339,369],"practical":[342],"demonstration":[343],"coupling":[345],"material,":[355],"yielding":[356],"versions":[359],"commercial":[365],"approach":[368],"broadly":[370],"accessible":[371],"programs,":[375],"only":[377],"but":[380],"other":[383],"crops":[384],"sunflower,":[387],"rapeseed,":[388],"rice.":[390]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}