{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225384269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.136764","title":"Unequal Paths: How Spatial Opportunity and Affirmative Action Shape Social Mobility Among Ex-Untouchable Castes","display_name":"Unequal Paths: How Spatial Opportunity and Affirmative Action Shape Social Mobility Among Ex-Untouchable Castes","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225384269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.136764"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/410608","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/410608","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/410608","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043523265","display_name":"Jusmeet S. Sihra","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1499-4902","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1499-4902"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sihra, Jusmeet S","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5043523265"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12949","display_name":"South Asian Studies and Diaspora","score":0.9355000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12949","display_name":"South Asian Studies and Diaspora","score":0.9355000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12088","display_name":"Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies","score":0.0502999983727932,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11645","display_name":"Urban, Neighborhood, and Segregation Studies","score":0.007499999832361937,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-mobility","display_name":"social mobility","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affirmative-action","display_name":"affirmative action","score":0.9330000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caste","display_name":"caste","score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-segregation","display_name":"spatial segregation","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residential-inequality","display_name":"residential inequality","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-class","display_name":"occupational class","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-class","display_name":"middle class","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/koli","display_name":"Koli","score":0.7080000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ajmer","display_name":"Ajmer","score":0.6830000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/caste-discrimination","display_name":"caste discrimination","score":0.4339999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neighborhood-environment","display_name":"neighborhood environment","score":0.4429999887943268}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777732099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214244","display_name":"Affirmative action","level":2,"score":0.9161999821662903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37129596","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194417","display_name":"Social mobility","level":2,"score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45555294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28113351","display_name":"Inequality","level":2,"score":0.6029000282287598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.552299976348877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.450300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.4025999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.392300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910887555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282773","display_name":"Occupational mobility","level":2,"score":0.3885999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.37310001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59656382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191536","display_name":"Conjunction (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.362199991941452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110888244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187588","display_name":"Social class","level":2,"score":0.3449000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781096014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105473709","display_name":"Spatial inequality","level":3,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66809384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574072","display_name":"Spatial mismatch","level":2,"score":0.33250001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.33090001344680786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32437296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6545083","display_name":"Life chances","level":3,"score":0.32659998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165148211","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5431887","display_name":"Social inequality","level":3,"score":0.32600000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.31360000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778068325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19892785","display_name":"Individual mobility","level":2,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779233565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q241588","display_name":"Middle class","level":2,"score":0.2913999855518341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.29089999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76944698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204671","display_name":"Geographic mobility","level":3,"score":0.2906000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.29030001163482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777932401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1471594","display_name":"Collective action","level":3,"score":0.2703000009059906}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/410608","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/410608","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.17863/cam.136764","doi":"https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.136764","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.17863/cam.136764","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407050737","display_name":"Apollo","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/410608","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/410608","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401777","display_name":"Apollo (University of Cambridge)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I241749","host_organization_name":"University of Cambridge","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4318827353","https://openalex.org/W1501848435","https://openalex.org/W2313397345","https://openalex.org/W7120094556","https://openalex.org/W603049474","https://openalex.org/W658610426","https://openalex.org/W2330071826","https://openalex.org/W2957452537","https://openalex.org/W2810256577","https://openalex.org/W3194540128"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"examines":[2],"the":[3,55,86,115,132],"pathways":[4],"to":[5,38,126],"upward":[6,73],"social":[7],"mobility":[8,103],"for":[9],"historically":[10,51,119],"stigmatized":[11],"groups,":[12],"whose":[13],"advancement":[14],"is":[15],"constrained":[16],"by":[17],"stigma,":[18],"discrimination,":[19],"and":[20,29,44,98,129],"spatial":[21,58],"segregation.":[22],"While":[23],"existing":[24],"literatures":[25],"on":[26,76,85],"affirmative":[27,68,127],"action":[28,69,128],"residential":[30,121],"inequality":[31],"offer":[32],"valuable":[33],"insights,":[34],"they":[35],"rarely":[36],"speak":[37],"each":[39],"other,":[40],"leaving":[41],"key":[42],"mechanisms":[43],"intra-group":[45],"disparities":[46],"underexplored.":[47],"I":[48,101],"argue":[49],"that":[50],"contingent":[52],"processes":[53],"shape":[54],"organization":[56],"of":[57,89,114],"opportunities":[59,64],"within":[60],"neighborhood":[61],"environments.":[62],"These":[63],"in":[65,109],"conjunction":[66],"with":[67],"determine":[70],"who":[71],"achieves":[72],"mobility.":[74],"Drawing":[75],"a":[77,82],"mixed-methods":[78],"approach":[79],"\u2013":[80,100],"including":[81],"unique":[83],"dataset":[84],"occupational":[87],"class":[88],"disaggregated":[90],"ex-untouchable":[91,107],"castes,":[92],"longue":[93],"dur\u00e9e":[94],"historical":[95],"ethnography,":[96],"interviews,":[97],"cartography":[99],"compare":[102],"outcomes":[104],"across":[105],"12":[106],"castes":[108],"Ajmer,":[110],"India.":[111],"The":[112],"case":[113],"Kolis":[116],"illustrates":[117],"how":[118],"enriched":[120],"environment":[122],"enabled":[123],"greater":[124],"access":[125],"entry":[130],"into":[131],"middle":[133],"class.":[134]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}