{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225382104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24012042","title":"The Rig Before the Drive: A Spinning-Ring Bench as the First Rung of a Spin\u2013Torsion Propulsion Program","display_name":"The Rig Before the Drive: A Spinning-Ring Bench as the First Rung of a Spin\u2013Torsion Propulsion Program","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225382104","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24012042"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24012042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24012042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24012042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24012042","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159396451","display_name":"William Alexander Aldred","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aldred, William Alexander","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1215-577X","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5159396451"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14156","display_name":"Engineering Applied Research","score":0.20350000262260437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14156","display_name":"Engineering Applied Research","score":0.20350000262260437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11602","display_name":"Magnetic Bearings and Levitation Dynamics","score":0.08749999850988388,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10278","display_name":"Electric Motor Design and Analysis","score":0.05299999937415123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-coupling","display_name":"magnetic coupling","score":0.5709999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-speed","display_name":"critical speed","score":0.7279999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eccentricity","display_name":"eccentricity","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monte-carlo-simulation","display_name":"Monte Carlo simulation","score":0.7350000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bearing-torque","display_name":"bearing torque","score":0.6039999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cosmological-constant-problem","display_name":"cosmological constant problem","score":0.7440000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bearing-clearance","display_name":"bearing clearance","score":0.4359999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bearing-wear","display_name":"bearing wear","score":0.3019999861717224}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1034443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2583685","display_name":"Propulsion","level":2,"score":0.7056999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.5504999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90296322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q619776","display_name":"Concentric","level":2,"score":0.5181000232696533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.506600022315979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19499675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232207","display_name":"Monte Carlo method","level":2,"score":0.388700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154815118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q453762","display_name":"Spinning","level":2,"score":0.38850000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.38589999079704285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138081364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852013","display_name":"Shield","level":2,"score":0.3763999938964844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198352243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37105","display_name":"Line (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.325300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9767117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12510","display_name":"Torus","level":2,"score":0.29809999465942383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162932704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Synchronizing","level":3,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.28049999475479126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178635117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747499","display_name":"RADIUS","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15001198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241394","display_name":"Toroid","level":3,"score":0.27459999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49304495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49393","display_name":"Projectile","level":2,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122041747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838611","display_name":"Ball (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.26429998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56951928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3539213","display_name":"Trimming","level":2,"score":0.25099998712539673}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24012042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24012042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24012042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24012043","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24012043","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24012043","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24038591","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24038591","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24038591","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.24012042","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24012042","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.24012042","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7224907861","https://openalex.org/W7224966821"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7224966821","https://openalex.org/W7225429366","https://openalex.org/W765284884","https://openalex.org/W2566377734","https://openalex.org/W2750939328","https://openalex.org/W2287751388","https://openalex.org/W7017894046","https://openalex.org/W7087441466","https://openalex.org/W7224907861","https://openalex.org/W3083406734"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"SIMULATED,":[0],"NOT":[1,270],"MEASURED":[2],"\u2014":[3,39,162],"every":[4],"figure":[5],"in":[6,225],"this":[7],"paper;":[8],"nothing":[9],"has":[10],"been":[11],"built,":[12],"spun,":[13],"or":[14],"measured.":[15],"My":[16],"propulsion":[17,248],"line":[18],"originates":[19],"the":[20,35,54,60,119,145,157,165,194,212,240],"rung":[21],"its":[22,152,237],"concepts":[23],"all":[24],"stand":[25],"on":[26],"before":[27],"any":[28],"drive":[29],"claim:":[30],"Blueprint":[31],"Unknown":[32],"#15":[33],"of":[34,167],"Torsion-Ring":[36,61],"Plasma":[37],"Container":[38],"whether":[40],"a":[41,49,75,91,102,123,139],"spinning":[42],"ring":[43],"can":[44],"be":[45],"held":[46],"concentric":[47],"inside":[48,156],"vessel.":[50],"This":[51],"paper":[52],"presents":[53],"bench":[55],"designed":[56],"for":[57],"that":[58],"question,":[59],"Spin":[62],"Rig,":[63],"R&D":[64],"Division":[65],"Package":[66],"A2":[67],"(DOI":[68],"10.5281/zenodo.23809726),":[69],"graded":[70,241],"at":[71,125,159,187,197,233],"design-and-simulation":[72],"level":[73],"only:":[74],"dummy":[76],"6061-T6":[77],"torus":[78],"(centreline":[79],"\u00d8300":[80],"mm,":[81,85,97],"tube":[82],"radius":[83],"15":[84],"\u22481.80":[86],"kg),":[87],"two":[88],"drive/bearing":[89],"concepts,":[90],"transparent":[92],"surrogate":[93],"vessel":[94],"(bore":[95],"\u00d8350":[96],"10":[98],"mm":[99,137,141,210,214],"clearance),":[100],"and":[101,143,250],"pre-registered":[103],"staircase,":[104],"500":[105],"to":[106],"6,000":[107],"rpm,":[108],"measuring":[109],"ring-centre":[110],"offset":[111],"against":[112,138,200,211],"speed.":[113],"The":[114,190],"re-verified":[115],"simulation":[116],"record":[117,168,192],"grades":[118],"magnetic-coupled":[120],"concept":[121],"C-2":[122],"SIM-PASS":[124],"P":[126],"=":[127,178],"1.000":[128],"over":[129],"4,000":[130],"Monte":[131],"Carlo":[132],"draws":[133],"(eccentricity":[134],"95th-percentile":[135],"0.020":[136],"1.0":[140],"line)":[142],"exposes":[144],"shaft-driven":[146],"C-1":[147],"as":[148,217,264],"originally":[149],"dimensioned":[150],"with":[151,204,236],"first":[153],"critical":[154,181],"speed":[155],"staircase":[158],"probability":[160],"0.64675":[161],"answered":[163],"by":[164],"revision":[166],"(Fix":[169],"A+B:":[170],"\u00d830":[171],"g6":[172],"spindle,":[173],"overhang":[174],"140-170":[175],"mm;":[176],"P(pass)":[177],"1.000,":[179],"worst-corner":[180],"margin":[182],"\u2265":[183],"1.37\u00d7,":[184],"independently":[185],"checked":[186],"9,281-11,477":[188],"rpm).":[189],"vendor":[191],"answers":[193],"coupling":[195],"gate":[196],"\u22485.1":[198],"N\u00b7m":[199,202],"\u22653.0":[201],"required,":[203],"one":[205],"stated":[206],"envelope":[207],"deviation":[208],"(\u00d897.5":[209],"120":[213],"class)":[215],"standing":[216],"an":[218],"open":[219],"design":[220],"call.":[221],"A":[222,263],"defect":[223],"found":[224],"my":[226],"own":[227],"sim's":[228],"slip":[229],"sub-check":[230],"is":[231,243,254],"reported":[232],"full":[234],"size":[235],"vectorised":[238],"recomputation;":[239],"conclusion":[242],"unchanged.":[244],"No":[245],"thrust,":[246],"no":[247,251],"effect":[249],"torsion-centering":[252],"result":[253],"claimed.":[255],"Claim":[256],"grade:":[257,262],"MECHANICAL":[258],"FEASIBILITY":[259],"ONLY.":[260],"Design":[261],"revised.":[265],"Program":[266],"headline:":[267],"vacuum":[268],"catastrophe":[269],"SOLVED":[271],"/":[272],"PARTIAL,":[273],"producing-count":[274],"0.":[275]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}