{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225375862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2026.0408","title":"EAT Deep Segmentation: Deep Learning-Based Automated Segmentation and Quantification of Epicardial Adipose Tissue from Cardiac CT Images","display_name":"EAT Deep Segmentation: Deep Learning-Based Automated Segmentation and Quantification of Epicardial Adipose Tissue from Cardiac CT Images","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225375862","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2026.0408"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.47392/irjaem.2026.0408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2026.0408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2026.0408","pdf_url":"https://goldncloudpublications.com/index.php/irjaem/article/download/1864/1660","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407010595","display_name":"International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM)","issn_l":"2584-2854","issn":["2584-2854"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://goldncloudpublications.com/index.php/irjaem/article/download/1864/1660","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160991780","display_name":"Dr. G. Saravanan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285548","display_name":"Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous)","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8szd04","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405285548"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dr. G. Saravanan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Thudupathi, Erode \u2013 638057, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Thudupathi, Erode \u2013 638057, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405285548"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115017167","display_name":"M Amshavalli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285548","display_name":"Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous)","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8szd04","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405285548"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ms. M. Amshavalli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Thudupathi, Erode \u2013 638057, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Thudupathi, Erode \u2013 638057, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405285548"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161026468","display_name":"R. S. Dhivya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285548","display_name":"Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous)","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8szd04","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405285548"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. S. Dhivya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Thudupathi, Erode \u2013 638057, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Thudupathi, Erode \u2013 638057, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405285548"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067907144","display_name":"M. Janani","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285548","display_name":"Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous)","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8szd04","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405285548"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Janani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Thudupathi, Erode \u2013 638057, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Thudupathi, Erode \u2013 638057, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405285548"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161140766","display_name":"G. Mohanraj","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405285548","display_name":"Sengunthar Engineering College (Autonomous)","ror":"https://ror.org/05n8szd04","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405285548"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Mohanraj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Thudupathi, Erode \u2013 638057, Tamil Nadu, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Thudupathi, Erode \u2013 638057, Tamil Nadu, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405285548"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405285548"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"10","first_page":"2898","last_page":"2902"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.5019999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10052","display_name":"Medical Image Segmentation Techniques","score":0.5019999742507935,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12979","display_name":"Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity","score":0.459199994802475,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10372","display_name":"Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics","score":0.009499999694526196,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epicardial-adipose-tissue","display_name":"epicardial adipose tissue","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-segmentation","display_name":"automatic segmentation","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiac-ct","display_name":"cardiac CT","score":0.7919999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/u-net","display_name":"U-Net","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel-based-classification","display_name":"pixel classification","score":0.6259999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiometabolic-risk","display_name":"cardiometabolic risk","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class-imbalance","display_name":"class imbalance","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"deep learning","score":0.6010000109672546}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163892561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2613728","display_name":"S\u00f8rensen\u2013Dice coefficient","level":4,"score":0.7261000275611877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.6304000020027161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5928000211715698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.5365999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5275999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5174000263214111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81669768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2359161","display_name":"Precision and recall","level":2,"score":0.43470001220703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171089720","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193583","display_name":"Adipose tissue","level":2,"score":0.41749998927116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989005","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214963","display_name":"Nuclear medicine","level":1,"score":0.3736000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82233179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2054500","display_name":"Partial volume","level":2,"score":0.367000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64543145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162942","display_name":"Intersection (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.3659000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019060180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184199","display_name":"Automated method","level":2,"score":0.3652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.365200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544519230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32566","display_name":"Computed tomography","level":2,"score":0.359499990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.34860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124504099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56933","display_name":"Image segmentation","level":3,"score":0.32330000400543213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.31929999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148524875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6975395","display_name":"F1 score","level":2,"score":0.30790001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22029948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45089","display_name":"Dice","level":2,"score":0.30570000410079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.2734000086784363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779679900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25304431","display_name":"Saliency map","level":3,"score":0.2621000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147037132","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6865426","display_name":"Minimum bounding box","level":3,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.47392/irjaem.2026.0408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2026.0408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2026.0408","pdf_url":"https://goldncloudpublications.com/index.php/irjaem/article/download/1864/1660","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407010595","display_name":"International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM)","issn_l":"2584-2854","issn":["2584-2854"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM)","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.47392/irjaem.2026.0408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2026.0408","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.47392/irjaem.2026.0408","pdf_url":"https://goldncloudpublications.com/index.php/irjaem/article/download/1864/1660","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407010595","display_name":"International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM)","issn_l":"2584-2854","issn":["2584-2854"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Research Journal on Advanced Engineering and Management (IRJAEM)","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225375862.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225375862.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4416189047","https://openalex.org/W4200139643","https://openalex.org/W4211137352","https://openalex.org/W3011818728","https://openalex.org/W3215529640","https://openalex.org/W2790564346","https://openalex.org/W3217630842","https://openalex.org/W7168187433","https://openalex.org/W4283267290","https://openalex.org/W4312175210"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Epicardial":[0],"adipose":[1],"tissue":[2],"(EAT)":[3],"is":[4,18,37,187],"the":[5,9,12,91,99,103,106,137,178,205,217,221],"fat":[6],"depot":[7],"between":[8,41],"myocardium":[10],"and":[11,15,39,56,69,97,105,115,145,165,173,193,204,214],"visceral":[13],"pericardium,":[14],"its":[16],"volume":[17],"an":[19,157],"established":[20],"marker":[21],"of":[22,58,155,159,163,168],"cardiometabolic":[23],"risk.":[24],"Measuring":[25],"it":[26],"on":[27,117],"cardiac":[28,61],"computed":[29],"tomography":[30],"(CT)":[31],"requires":[32],"manual":[33],"slice-by-slice":[34],"outlining,":[35],"which":[36,186],"slow":[38],"varies":[40],"observers.":[42],"This":[43],"paper":[44],"presents":[45],"EAT":[46,59,87,100,120,182],"Deep":[47],"Segmentation,":[48],"a":[49,77,85,94,118,130,152,161,166,190,200],"deep":[50],"learning":[51],"framework":[52,65],"for":[53],"automated":[54],"segmentation":[55],"quantification":[57],"from":[60,102,126],"CT":[62,67,121],"images.":[63],"The":[64,109,147,170,197],"converts":[66,90],"volumes":[68],"expert":[70],"labels":[71],"into":[72,93],"paired":[73],"two-dimensional":[74],"slices,":[75],"trains":[76],"U-Net":[78],"encoder-decoder":[79],"with":[80,136,189],"skip":[81],"connections":[82],"to":[83,216],"predict":[84],"pixel-wise":[86],"probability":[88],"map,":[89],"map":[92],"binary":[95],"mask,":[96],"computes":[98],"area":[101],"mask":[104],"pixel":[107],"spacing.":[108],"model":[110],"was":[111,134],"implemented":[112],"in":[113,129],"TensorFlow":[114],"evaluated":[116],"public":[119],"dataset,":[122],"using":[123],"96":[124],"slices":[125],"12":[127],"patients":[128],"first":[131,148],"experiment.":[132],"Performance":[133],"measured":[135],"Dice":[138,153],"coefficient,":[139],"intersection":[140],"over":[141],"union":[142],"(IoU),":[143],"precision":[144,162,175],"recall.":[146],"training":[149],"run":[150],"gave":[151],"coefficient":[154],"0.277,":[156],"IoU":[158],"0.172,":[160],"0.178":[164],"recall":[167,172],"0.779.":[169],"high":[171],"low":[174],"show":[176],"that":[177],"network":[179],"finds":[180],"most":[181],"pixels":[183],"but":[184],"over-segments,":[185],"expected":[188],"small":[191],"cohort":[192],"strong":[194],"class":[195],"imbalance.":[196],"work":[198],"provides":[199],"reproducible":[201],"baseline":[202],"pipeline,":[203],"analysis":[206],"identifies":[207],"larger":[208],"patient":[209],"cohorts,":[210],"imbalance-aware":[211],"loss":[212],"functions":[213],"restriction":[215],"pericardial":[218],"region":[219],"as":[220],"next":[222],"steps":[223],"toward":[224],"clinically":[225],"useful":[226],"accuracy.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}