{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225374644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-30293-0","title":"Patterns of adverse childhood experiences and hourly social media use among U.S. high school students: a cross-sectional analysis of the 2023 YRBS","display_name":"Patterns of adverse childhood experiences and hourly social media use among U.S. high school students: a cross-sectional analysis of the 2023 YRBS","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225374644","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-30293-0"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12889-026-30293-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-30293-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-30293-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200437886","display_name":"BMC Public Health","issn_l":"1471-2458","issn":["1471-2458"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-30293-0","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031471831","display_name":"Ling-Ying Cheng","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ling-Ying Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shaoxing Seventh People\u2019s Hospital, No.1234 Shengli West Road, Yuecheng District, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Shaoxing Seventh People\u2019s Hospital, No.1234 Shengli West Road, Yuecheng District, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, 312000, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5161045631","display_name":"Yu-Jun Xiong","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200296433","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College","ror":"https://ror.org/02drdmm93","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200296433"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119648","display_name":"Beijing Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/02jwb5s28","country_code":"CN","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119648"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Jun Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Hospital, National Center for Gerontology; National Clinical Research Center for Gerontology; The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics of NHC; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, P.R. China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Hospital, National Center for Gerontology; National Clinical Research Center for Gerontology; The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics of NHC; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, P.R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200296433","https://openalex.org/I4210119648"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066554797","display_name":"Tian Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9580-9990","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9580-9990"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27781120","display_name":"Wenzhou Medical University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rd5t069","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27781120"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tian Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Neurology, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Precision Assessment and Intelligent Prevention and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhuji, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Neurology, Zhuji Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shaoxing Key Laboratory of Precision Assessment and Intelligent Prevention and Treatment of Cerebrovascular Diseases, Zhuji, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27781120"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066554797"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27781120"],"apc_list":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"apc_paid":{"value":3290,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3290},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10426","display_name":"Child Abuse and Trauma","score":0.8964999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10426","display_name":"Child Abuse and Trauma","score":0.8964999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.09139999747276306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10182","display_name":"Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development","score":0.0010000000474974513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adverse-childhood-experiences","display_name":"adverse childhood experiences","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media-use","display_name":"social media use","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-school-students","display_name":"high school students","score":0.8169999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adolescent-mental-health","display_name":"adolescent mental health","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emotional-abuse","display_name":"emotional abuse","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-mental-illness","display_name":"household mental illness","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cumulative-adversity","display_name":"cumulative adversity","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-media-addiction","display_name":"social media addiction","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sex-differences","display_name":"sex differences","score":0.5550000071525574}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6531999707221985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151956035","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132755","display_name":"Logistic regression","level":2,"score":0.5245000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.47620001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70727504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1806878","display_name":"Latent class model","level":2,"score":0.4742000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.4578999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140556311","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214746","display_name":"Biostatistics","level":3,"score":0.45730000734329224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779176217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8059257","display_name":"Youth Risk Behavior Survey","level":4,"score":0.4293000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.421999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119043178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q320723","display_name":"Covariate","level":2,"score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518677369","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202833","display_name":"Social media","level":2,"score":0.3959999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134362201","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q317309","display_name":"Mental health","level":2,"score":0.3736000061035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110888244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187588","display_name":"Social class","level":2,"score":0.365200012922287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.3393999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908744105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q105821669","display_name":"Adverse Childhood Experiences","level":3,"score":0.3328999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48856860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12029","display_name":"Addiction","level":2,"score":0.3276999890804291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017944768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1450463","display_name":"Poison control","level":2,"score":0.3068000078201294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190385971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373494","display_name":"Injury prevention","level":3,"score":0.30489999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C526869908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3298118","display_name":"Suicide prevention","level":3,"score":0.29420000314712524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018260909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1322871","display_name":"Exploratory analysis","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40010229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3184856","display_name":"Substance abuse","level":2,"score":0.2822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142052008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954027","display_name":"Cross-sectional study","level":2,"score":0.26109999418258667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.25769999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.251800000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29719523","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7551096","display_name":"Social epidemiology","level":4,"score":0.2502000033855438}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12889-026-30293-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-30293-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-30293-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200437886","display_name":"BMC Public Health","issn_l":"1471-2458","issn":["1471-2458"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/s12889-026-30293-0","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-30293-0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-026-30293-0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S200437886","display_name":"BMC Public Health","issn_l":"1471-2458","issn":["1471-2458"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","oarl","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320256","host_organization_name":"BioMed Central","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320256","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["BioMed Central","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"BMC Public Health","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9537000060081482},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4414339707","https://openalex.org/W4416715368","https://openalex.org/W6939734575","https://openalex.org/W4321378130","https://openalex.org/W4401554394","https://openalex.org/W4411381713","https://openalex.org/W4205915134","https://openalex.org/W4391296585","https://openalex.org/W7204815828","https://openalex.org/W7214030863"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Adverse":[0],"childhood":[1],"experiences":[2],"(ACEs)":[3],"may":[4],"be":[5],"associated":[6],"with":[7,39,129,192],"adolescent":[8],"social":[9,46,56,194],"media":[10,47,57,195],"engagement,":[11],"but":[12],"cumulative":[13],"counts":[14],"can":[15],"obscure":[16],"differences":[17],"between":[18],"co-occurring":[19],"adversity":[20],"patterns.":[21],"We":[22,35],"examined":[23,105],"these":[24],"associations":[25],"in":[26],"the":[27,62,130,133,148,202],"2023":[28],"national":[29],"Youth":[30],"Risk":[31],"Behavior":[32],"Survey":[33,85],"(YRBS).":[34],"analyzed":[36],"9,603":[37],"students":[38,118],"complete":[40],"data":[41],"on":[42,201],"eight":[43],"ACE":[44,83,167,186],"indicators,":[45],"frequency":[48],"and":[49,91,98,107,160,205],"analysis":[50,81],"covariates.":[51],"The":[52],"primary":[53,92],"outcome":[54,203],"was":[55,72,114,161,180],"use":[58,113],"at":[59,66],"least":[60,67,111],"hourly;":[61],"original":[63],"threshold":[64,204],"of":[65,142,155,171],"several":[68],"times":[69],"a":[70,75,189],"day":[71],"retained":[73],"as":[74],"sensitivity":[76],"outcome.":[77],"Exploratory":[78,208],"latent":[79,124],"class":[80],"identified":[82],"profiles.":[84],"logistic":[86],"regression":[87],"incorporated":[88],"weights,":[89],"strata":[90],"sampling":[93],"units.":[94],"ACE-only":[95,209],"XGBoost":[96,178],"models":[97],"out-of-fold":[99,177],"Shapley":[100],"additive":[101],"explanations":[102],"(SHAP)":[103],"were":[104,126],"overall":[106],"by":[108,116],"sex.":[109],"At":[110],"hourly":[112,193],"reported":[115],"3,844":[117],"(40.0%":[119],"unweighted;":[120],"38.2%":[121],"survey-weighted).":[122],"Five":[123],"profiles":[125],"identified.":[127],"Compared":[128],"low-ACE":[131],"profile,":[132],"household":[134],"mental":[135],"illness/emotional":[136],"abuse":[137],"profile":[138,151],"had":[139,152,168,211],"an":[140,153,169],"aOR":[141,154,170],"1.35":[143],"(95%":[144,157,173],"CI":[145,158,174],"1.11\u20131.63),":[146],"while":[147,197],"high":[149],"multi-type":[150],"1.18":[156],"0.99\u20131.39)":[159],"not":[162,218],"statistically":[163],"significant.":[164],"Each":[165],"additional":[166],"1.04":[172],"1.01\u20131.07).":[175],"Overall":[176],"AUC":[179],"0.529,":[181],"indicating":[182],"weak":[183,212],"discrimination.":[184,213],"Cumulative":[185],"burden":[187],"showed":[188],"modest":[190],"association":[191],"use,":[196,221],"profile-specific":[198],"findings":[199,216],"depended":[200],"covariate":[206],"adjustment.":[207],"prediction":[210],"These":[214],"cross-sectional":[215],"do":[217],"establish":[219],"problematic":[220],"addiction":[222],"or":[223],"causal":[224],"effects.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2026-11-07T00:00:00"}