{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225348304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53850/joltida.1909821","title":"Ideal L2 Self and L2 Willingness to Communicate: A Moderated Mediation Model of Artificial Intelligence Literacy and Artificial Intelligence-Mediated Informal Digital Learning of English","display_name":"Ideal L2 Self and L2 Willingness to Communicate: A Moderated Mediation Model of Artificial Intelligence Literacy and Artificial Intelligence-Mediated Informal Digital Learning of English","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225348304","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53850/joltida.1909821"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.53850/joltida.1909821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53850/joltida.1909821","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.53850/joltida.1909821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192672","display_name":"Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age","issn_l":"2458-8350","issn":["2458-8350"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318379","host_organization_name":"JOLTIDA","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318379"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["JOLTIDA"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053742869","display_name":"Murat \u015e\u00fck\u00fcr","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1327-5703","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1327-5703"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I198265615","display_name":"Ni\u011fde \u00d6mer Halisdemir \u00dcniversitesi","ror":"https://ror.org/03ejnre35","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I198265615"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Murat \u015e\u00fck\u00fcr","raw_affiliation_strings":["N\u0130\u011eDE \u00d6MER HAL\u0130SDEM\u0130R \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TES\u0130"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1327-5703","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"N\u0130\u011eDE \u00d6MER HAL\u0130SDEM\u0130R \u00dcN\u0130VERS\u0130TES\u0130","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198265615"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5053742869"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I198265615"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"4","first_page":"438","last_page":"452"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14516","display_name":"English Language Learning and Teaching","score":0.0044999998062849045,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11370","display_name":"Mobile Learning in Education","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ideal-l2-self","display_name":"ideal L2 self","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/willingness-to-communicate","display_name":"willingness to communicate","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ai-literacy","display_name":"AI literacy","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-as-a-foreign-language","display_name":"English as a foreign language","score":0.9350000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderated-mediation","display_name":"moderated mediation","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efl-learners","display_name":"EFL learners","score":0.6620000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/second-language-communication","display_name":"second language communication","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/student-motivation","display_name":"student motivation","score":0.6330000162124634}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.7321000099182129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7006999850273132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780565504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8021978","display_name":"Willingness to communicate","level":2,"score":0.6291999816894531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93225998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1941972","display_name":"Moderation","level":2,"score":0.5691999793052673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777646416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q242069","display_name":"Digital literacy","level":2,"score":0.5289000272750854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776639384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840396","display_name":"Ideal (ethics)","level":2,"score":0.5133000016212463},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987567764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125421","display_name":"Second language","level":2,"score":0.5073999762535095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24614281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17086331","display_name":"Moderated mediation","level":2,"score":0.4810999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.459199994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C547764534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8236","display_name":"Literacy","level":2,"score":0.400299996137619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174107131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191591","display_name":"Emotional intelligence","level":2,"score":0.38909998536109924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192314503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q780705","display_name":"Digital native","level":2,"score":0.38260000944137573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74672266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815859","display_name":"Language acquisition","level":2,"score":0.37790000438690186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67363961","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5268834","display_name":"Information and Communications Technology","level":2,"score":0.3398999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2987496018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1860","display_name":"English language","level":2,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3158999979496002},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94922259","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33215","display_name":"Constructed language","level":2,"score":0.30869999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018469783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130192","display_name":"English as a second language","level":2,"score":0.29820001125335693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109778625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q796573","display_name":"Computer-mediated communication","level":3,"score":0.28349998593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778883600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2390977","display_name":"Language proficiency","level":2,"score":0.2824000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780468074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16628824","display_name":"Digital learning","level":2,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780198215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q361428","display_name":"Informal learning","level":2,"score":0.26260000467300415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776503756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1424497","display_name":"Self-regulated learning","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.53850/joltida.1909821","doi":"https://doi.org/10.53850/joltida.1909821","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.53850/joltida.1909821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210192672","display_name":"Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age","issn_l":"2458-8350","issn":["2458-8350"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["erih-plus"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310318379","host_organization_name":"JOLTIDA","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310318379"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["JOLTIDA"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dergipark.org.tr:article/1909821","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/joltida/article/1909821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401840","display_name":"DergiPark (Istanbul University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67581229","host_organization_name":"Istanbul University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67581229"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Learning and Teaching in Digital Age, Vol. 11 No. 4","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7567999958992004}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":95,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1957440361","https://openalex.org/W1972439702","https://openalex.org/W1974734769","https://openalex.org/W1976081033","https://openalex.org/W2009781441","https://openalex.org/W2081482167","https://openalex.org/W2089809664","https://openalex.org/W2106096361","https://openalex.org/W2125013766","https://openalex.org/W2152372549","https://openalex.org/W2162153512","https://openalex.org/W2170021030","https://openalex.org/W2344401480","https://openalex.org/W2481116305","https://openalex.org/W2536100226","https://openalex.org/W2744904120","https://openalex.org/W2801228678","https://openalex.org/W2887720395","https://openalex.org/W2888922646","https://openalex.org/W2890382905","https://openalex.org/W2921405087","https://openalex.org/W2934692346","https://openalex.org/W2980941332","https://openalex.org/W2999887451","https://openalex.org/W3000249223","https://openalex.org/W3021886458","https://openalex.org/W3100449273","https://openalex.org/W3110438540","https://openalex.org/W3126857432","https://openalex.org/W3131401102","https://openalex.org/W3140182180","https://openalex.org/W3152215790","https://openalex.org/W3163485592","https://openalex.org/W3163675874","https://openalex.org/W3210679752","https://openalex.org/W4223912875","https://openalex.org/W4242883546","https://openalex.org/W4280549083","https://openalex.org/W4285797727","https://openalex.org/W4293089787","https://openalex.org/W4319790143","https://openalex.org/W4323666378","https://openalex.org/W4364362149","https://openalex.org/W4376865882","https://openalex.org/W4378193711","https://openalex.org/W4378364048","https://openalex.org/W4382794852","https://openalex.org/W4385720811","https://openalex.org/W4386573559","https://openalex.org/W4388414493","https://openalex.org/W4388424540","https://openalex.org/W4388753488","https://openalex.org/W4391349469","https://openalex.org/W4391473908","https://openalex.org/W4391616453","https://openalex.org/W4391731128","https://openalex.org/W4391907780","https://openalex.org/W4393315003","https://openalex.org/W4393320622","https://openalex.org/W4396764442","https://openalex.org/W4396779283","https://openalex.org/W4400391328","https://openalex.org/W4401053003","https://openalex.org/W4401931688","https://openalex.org/W4402035364","https://openalex.org/W4402392156","https://openalex.org/W4402741322","https://openalex.org/W4403247296","https://openalex.org/W4403689764","https://openalex.org/W4403773662","https://openalex.org/W4403915833","https://openalex.org/W4404487075","https://openalex.org/W4404661062","https://openalex.org/W4405135546","https://openalex.org/W4405374166","https://openalex.org/W4405890830","https://openalex.org/W4406226111","https://openalex.org/W4406726029","https://openalex.org/W4406874654","https://openalex.org/W4408529462","https://openalex.org/W4408990456","https://openalex.org/W4409379936","https://openalex.org/W4409433998","https://openalex.org/W4409454199","https://openalex.org/W4410318416","https://openalex.org/W4410800608","https://openalex.org/W4411591554","https://openalex.org/W4411608701","https://openalex.org/W4412054750","https://openalex.org/W4412400166","https://openalex.org/W4414871762","https://openalex.org/W4415145412","https://openalex.org/W4415168359","https://openalex.org/W4415446810","https://openalex.org/W4415695458"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7170185815","https://openalex.org/W7160084271","https://openalex.org/W7150709868","https://openalex.org/W7155078979","https://openalex.org/W7163694341","https://openalex.org/W7210293800","https://openalex.org/W4404661062","https://openalex.org/W4409433998","https://openalex.org/W7126034249","https://openalex.org/W4403689764"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Communication":[0],"in":[1,24,96],"a":[2,7,81],"second":[3],"language":[4,11],"(L2)":[5],"is":[6,18],"primary":[8],"goal":[9],"for":[10,149],"learners,":[12],"and":[13,42,47,76,105,110],"willingness":[14],"to":[15,132],"communicate":[16],"(WTC)":[17],"the":[19,45,61,134],"final":[20],"step":[21],"before":[22],"engaging":[23],"actual":[25],"communication.":[26],"Therefore,":[27,57],"WTC":[28],"has":[29,36],"garnered":[30],"scholarly":[31],"interest.":[32],"While":[33],"previous":[34],"research":[35],"demonstrated":[37],"associations":[38],"between":[39],"motivational":[40],"factors":[41],"L2":[43,65,67,120,153],"WTC,":[44,68,121],"mediating":[46],"moderating":[48],"roles":[49],"of":[50,73,136],"artificial":[51],"intelligence":[52],"(AI)-relevant":[53],"mechanisms":[54],"remain":[55],"underexplored.":[56],"this":[58,86,126],"study":[59],"examines":[60],"interplay":[62],"among":[63],"ideal":[64],"self,":[66],"AI-mediated":[69],"informal":[70],"digital":[71],"learning":[72],"English":[74,94],"(AI-IDLE),":[75],"AI":[77],"literacy":[78],"(AIL)":[79],"through":[80,108],"moderated":[82],"mediation":[83,109],"model.":[84],"To":[85],"end,":[87],"data":[88],"were":[89,106],"collected":[90],"from":[91],"402":[92],"undergraduate":[93],"majors":[95],"T\u00fcrkiye":[97],"via":[98],"an":[99],"online":[100],"survey":[101],"comprising":[102],"four":[103],"scales":[104],"analyzed":[107],"moderation":[111],"analyses.":[112],"The":[113],"findings":[114],"revealed":[115],"that":[116],"IL2S":[117,137],"positively":[118],"predicted":[119],"while":[122],"AI-IDLE":[123],"partially":[124],"mediated":[125],"relationship.":[127],"Moreover,":[128],"AIL":[129],"was":[130],"found":[131],"moderate":[133],"effect":[135],"on":[138,141],"AI-IDLE.":[139],"Drawing":[140],"these":[142],"results,":[143],"crucial":[144],"pedagogical":[145],"implications":[146],"are":[147],"suggested":[148],"improving":[150],"EFL":[151],"learners\u2019":[152],"communication":[154],"skills.":[155]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}
