{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225347272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2026.10145","title":"Does Work Matter? Post-Retirement Survival of United Kingdom Postal Workers, 1860\u20131909","display_name":"Does Work Matter? Post-Retirement Survival of United Kingdom Postal Workers, 1860\u20131909","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225347272","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2026.10145"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/ssh.2026.10145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2026.10145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2026.10145","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/3FE9A5F6435FE3BCA2F97D0FD0516299/S014555322610145Xa.pdf/div-class-title-does-work-matter-post-retirement-survival-of-united-kingdom-postal-workers-1860-1909-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61028752","display_name":"Social Science History","issn_l":"0145-5532","issn":["0145-5532","1527-8034"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Science History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/3FE9A5F6435FE3BCA2F97D0FD0516299/S014555322610145Xa.pdf/div-class-title-does-work-matter-post-retirement-survival-of-united-kingdom-postal-workers-1860-1909-div.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074927010","display_name":"Harry S. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0961-9411","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0961-9411"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Harry Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Exeter"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0961-9411","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Exeter","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015086844","display_name":"David Green","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7136-5881","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7136-5881"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Green","raw_affiliation_strings":["King\u2019s College London"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7136-5881","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King\u2019s College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013619143","display_name":"Laura Newman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6103-1180","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6103-1180"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Newman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6103-1180","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090375787","display_name":"Nicola Jane Shelton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-1036","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-1036"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicola Shelton","raw_affiliation_strings":["University College London"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-1036","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074927010"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"32"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":0.3905999958515167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11631","display_name":"Retirement, Disability, and Employment","score":0.3905999958515167,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12011","display_name":"Insurance, Mortality, Demography, Risk Management","score":0.36010000109672546,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10605","display_name":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","score":0.22859999537467957,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-mortality","display_name":"occupational mortality","score":0.7730000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/postal-workers","display_name":"postal workers","score":0.7559999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medical-retirement","display_name":"medical retirement","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retirees","display_name":"retirees","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adult-mortality","display_name":"adult mortality","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/19th-century","display_name":"19th century","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/20th-century","display_name":"20th century","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-kingdom","display_name":"United Kingdom","score":0.6240000128746033}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7027999758720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13801280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36732","display_name":"Kingdom","level":2,"score":0.6881999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.46889999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.43869999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3456999957561493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.31369999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777288899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1413228","display_name":"Retirement age","level":3,"score":0.31040000915527344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179755657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q58702","display_name":"Mortality rate","level":2,"score":0.2838999927043915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018792137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6914399","display_name":"Excess mortality","level":3,"score":0.2669000029563904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.25529998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160050368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132453","display_name":"Developed country","level":3,"score":0.2549999952316284}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/ssh.2026.10145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2026.10145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2026.10145","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/3FE9A5F6435FE3BCA2F97D0FD0516299/S014555322610145Xa.pdf/div-class-title-does-work-matter-post-retirement-survival-of-united-kingdom-postal-workers-1860-1909-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61028752","display_name":"Social Science History","issn_l":"0145-5532","issn":["0145-5532","1527-8034"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Science History","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/ssh.2026.10145","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2026.10145","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/ssh.2026.10145","pdf_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/3FE9A5F6435FE3BCA2F97D0FD0516299/S014555322610145Xa.pdf/div-class-title-does-work-matter-post-retirement-survival-of-united-kingdom-postal-workers-1860-1909-div.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S61028752","display_name":"Social Science History","issn_l":"0145-5532","issn":["0145-5532","1527-8034"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Social Science History","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.9211000204086304},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.4000000059604645}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3198144406","display_name":"Addressing Health: Morbidity, Mortality and Occupational Health in the Victorian and Edwardian Post Office","funder_award_id":"217755/Z/19/Z","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7960419701","display_name":"Addressing Health: Morbidity, Mortality and Occupational Health in the Victorian and Edwardian Post Office","funder_award_id":"217755","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","funder_display_name":"Wellcome Trust"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320311904","display_name":"Wellcome Trust","ror":"https://ror.org/029chgv08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225347272.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225347272.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1543389126","https://openalex.org/W1570622790","https://openalex.org/W1590153286","https://openalex.org/W1965708780","https://openalex.org/W1982928704","https://openalex.org/W2024333052","https://openalex.org/W2044270254","https://openalex.org/W2045218049","https://openalex.org/W2092394886","https://openalex.org/W2117317003","https://openalex.org/W2135369095","https://openalex.org/W2135855717","https://openalex.org/W2158364693","https://openalex.org/W2483916766","https://openalex.org/W2504389913","https://openalex.org/W2785428416","https://openalex.org/W2800444191","https://openalex.org/W2891314451","https://openalex.org/W2912229749","https://openalex.org/W3109408319","https://openalex.org/W3110712259","https://openalex.org/W3147894994","https://openalex.org/W4210980953","https://openalex.org/W4238400554","https://openalex.org/W4239633951","https://openalex.org/W4246839970","https://openalex.org/W4299551643","https://openalex.org/W4388085426","https://openalex.org/W4388346831","https://openalex.org/W6903973673","https://openalex.org/W6906733115","https://openalex.org/W6930013515","https://openalex.org/W7164008765"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069922138","https://openalex.org/W1588980757","https://openalex.org/W2074563504","https://openalex.org/W7204912306","https://openalex.org/W3019561665","https://openalex.org/W3115758003","https://openalex.org/W2010368252","https://openalex.org/W2759716725","https://openalex.org/W2752164612","https://openalex.org/W6931903929"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"This":[1],"article":[2,42,113],"considers":[3],"the":[4,48,127,131],"impact":[5,49],"of":[6,13,39,50,59,63,91,94,99,123],"occupation":[7,60],"on":[8,53,68],"mortality":[9,125],"using":[10],"a":[11,109,116],"dataset":[12],"over":[14],"9,000":[15],"male":[16],"postal":[17,51],"workers":[18],"who":[19,73],"can":[20,119],"be":[21],"traced":[22],"from":[23],"retirement":[24,64],"to":[25,46,82,87,104],"death.":[26],"For":[27],"each":[28],"worker,":[29],"we":[30],"know":[31],"their":[32],"demographic":[33],"characteristics,":[34],"occupation,":[35],"location,":[36],"and":[37,61,133],"cause":[38,62],"retirement.":[40,95],"The":[41,112],"uses":[43],"these":[44],"data":[45],"model":[47],"work":[52],"survival":[54,69,106],"post-retirement,":[55],"showing":[56],"that":[57],"type":[58],"had":[65],"significant":[66],"effects":[67],"for":[70,75],"those":[71],"pensioners":[72],"retired":[74],"medical":[76,92],"reasons.":[77],"Different":[78],"occupations":[79],"were":[80],"exposed":[81],"varying":[83],"risks,":[84],"which":[85],"led":[86,103],"occupationally":[88],"distinct":[89],"patterns":[90],"causes":[93,98],"These":[96],"differing":[97],"retirement,":[100],"in":[101,126,130],"turn,":[102],"different":[105],"chances":[107],"after":[108],"worker":[110],"retired.":[111],"demonstrates":[114],"how":[115],"long-term":[117],"view":[118],"improve":[120],"our":[121],"understanding":[122],"adult":[124],"United":[128],"Kingdom":[129],"nineteenth":[132],"twentieth":[134],"centuries.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}
