{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225345436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2026.104628","title":"Reduction of ammonia emissions from dairy cubicle housing by sloped floors for rapid urine drainage","display_name":"Reduction of ammonia emissions from dairy cubicle housing by sloped floors for rapid urine drainage","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225345436","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2026.104628"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2026.104628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2026.104628","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2026.104628","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65230043","display_name":"Biosystems Engineering","issn_l":"1537-5110","issn":["1537-5110","1537-5129"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biosystems Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2026.104628","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025794101","display_name":"Sabine Schrade","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1846-3498","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1846-3498"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139035","display_name":"Agroscope","ror":"https://ror.org/04d8ztx87","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sabine Schrade","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, T\u00e4nikon 1, 8356, Ettenhausen, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1846-3498","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, T\u00e4nikon 1, 8356, Ettenhausen, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059673935","display_name":"Kerstin Zeyer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71824836","display_name":"Empa","ror":"https://ror.org/02x681a42","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I71824836"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kerstin Zeyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Empa, Laboratory for Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, \u00dcberlandstrasse 129, 8600, D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Empa, Laboratory for Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, \u00dcberlandstrasse 129, 8600, D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71824836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031771614","display_name":"Joachim Mohn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9799-1001","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9799-1001"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71824836","display_name":"Empa","ror":"https://ror.org/02x681a42","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I71824836"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joachim Mohn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Empa, Laboratory for Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, \u00dcberlandstrasse 129, 8600, D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9799-1001","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Empa, Laboratory for Air Pollution/Environmental Technology, \u00dcberlandstrasse 129, 8600, D\u00fcbendorf, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71824836"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062417951","display_name":"Jernej Poteko","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3548-0705","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3548-0705"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104858","display_name":"Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01grm4y17","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210104858","https://openalex.org/I4210115557"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jernej Poteko","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture (LfL), Prof.-D\u00fcrrwaechter-Platz 2, 85586, Grub-Poing, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bavarian State Research Center for Agriculture (LfL), Prof.-D\u00fcrrwaechter-Platz 2, 85586, Grub-Poing, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104858"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072691270","display_name":"Michael Z\u00e4hner","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2750-1433","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2750-1433"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139035","display_name":"Agroscope","ror":"https://ror.org/04d8ztx87","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Z\u00e4hner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, T\u00e4nikon 1, 8356, Ettenhausen, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ruminant Nutrition and Emissions, Agroscope, T\u00e4nikon 1, 8356, Ettenhausen, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025794101"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139035"],"apc_list":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"apc_paid":{"value":3350,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3350},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"273","issue":null,"first_page":"104628","last_page":"104628"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11821","display_name":"Odor and Emission Control Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1508","display_name":"Process Chemistry and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11821","display_name":"Odor and Emission Control Technologies","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1508","display_name":"Process Chemistry and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/15","display_name":"Chemical Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12896","display_name":"Sustainable Agricultural Systems Analysis","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11371","display_name":"Wind and Air Flow Studies","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ammonia-emissions","display_name":"ammonia emissions","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dairy-cows","display_name":"dairy cattle","score":0.7300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urine-drainage","display_name":"urine drainage","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-ventilation","display_name":"natural ventilation","score":0.6359999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracer-gas-method","display_name":"tracer gas method","score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emissions-reduction","display_name":"emission reduction","score":0.6349999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seasonal-variation","display_name":"seasonal variation","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outside-air-temperature","display_name":"outside air temperature","score":0.5690000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wind-speed","display_name":"wind speed","score":0.9309999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38304854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185716","display_name":"Manure","level":2,"score":0.7687000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776382133","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4087","display_name":"Ammonia","level":2,"score":0.7023000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6144000291824341},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780365088","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48318","display_name":"Urea","level":2,"score":0.6139000058174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67592535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7481320","display_name":"Drainage","level":2,"score":0.6043000221252441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.4871000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.46700000762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779969000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6753176","display_name":"Manure management","level":3,"score":0.4410000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47737302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167336","display_name":"Greenhouse gas","level":2,"score":0.43320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778863792","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16909918","display_name":"TRACER","level":2,"score":0.4221000075340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548081761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180388","display_name":"Waste management","level":1,"score":0.38440001010894775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140793950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q168091","display_name":"Animal science","level":1,"score":0.37380000948905945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54285103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4747287","display_name":"Ammonia volatilization from urea","level":3,"score":0.3375999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78500136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477840","display_name":"Scraper site","level":2,"score":0.3287999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778912549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905313","display_name":"Liquid manure","level":3,"score":0.3246999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107872376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q321355","display_name":"Environmental chemistry","level":1,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780026642","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40924","display_name":"Urine","level":2,"score":0.2930000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776977481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2915","display_name":"Dairy cattle","level":2,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17674248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285451","display_name":"Drainage system (geomorphology)","level":3,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778082681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4747291","display_name":"Ammoniacal nitrogen","level":3,"score":0.2671000063419342}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2026.104628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2026.104628","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2026.104628","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65230043","display_name":"Biosystems Engineering","issn_l":"1537-5110","issn":["1537-5110","1537-5129"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biosystems Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dora:empa_48748","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/empa/item/empa:48748","pdf_url":"https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/empa/dload/empa:48748/PDF/view","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401298","display_name":"DORA Empa (Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa))","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71824836","host_organization_name":"Empa","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71824836"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Biosystems Engineering","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2026.104628","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2026.104628","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biosystemseng.2026.104628","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S65230043","display_name":"Biosystems Engineering","issn_l":"1537-5110","issn":["1537-5110","1537-5129"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biosystems Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9786999821662903,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334856","display_name":"Bundesamt f\u00fcr Umwelt","ror":"https://ror.org/04t48sm91"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225345436.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225345436.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1554686066","https://openalex.org/W1970665696","https://openalex.org/W2008296564","https://openalex.org/W2021805988","https://openalex.org/W2031627797","https://openalex.org/W2032374889","https://openalex.org/W2041618332","https://openalex.org/W2042370583","https://openalex.org/W2078311673","https://openalex.org/W2085443371","https://openalex.org/W2099347763","https://openalex.org/W2103317417","https://openalex.org/W2122416235","https://openalex.org/W2136719299","https://openalex.org/W2139741684","https://openalex.org/W2154949190","https://openalex.org/W2156123269","https://openalex.org/W2293673161","https://openalex.org/W2345815904","https://openalex.org/W2509017722","https://openalex.org/W2523485893","https://openalex.org/W2587870714","https://openalex.org/W2609605531","https://openalex.org/W2613391021","https://openalex.org/W2792123642","https://openalex.org/W2801038793","https://openalex.org/W2888688605","https://openalex.org/W2904373384","https://openalex.org/W2937464996","https://openalex.org/W2960093702","https://openalex.org/W3037176115","https://openalex.org/W3134298355","https://openalex.org/W4206439534","https://openalex.org/W4210795162","https://openalex.org/W4313159683","https://openalex.org/W4381805515","https://openalex.org/W4385612637","https://openalex.org/W4399472246","https://openalex.org/W7108892794"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2139741684","https://openalex.org/W2156123269","https://openalex.org/W51641468","https://openalex.org/W2134476561","https://openalex.org/W2085443371","https://openalex.org/W4412304877","https://openalex.org/W2169519759","https://openalex.org/W2066080154","https://openalex.org/W2983424226","https://openalex.org/W2152690282"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Rapid":[0],"urine":[1],"drainage":[2],"from":[3],"floors":[4,53],"reduces":[5],"ammonia":[6],"(NH":[7],"3":[8,18,102,149,199,231],")":[9],"formation":[10],"and":[11,37,113,130,173,190,240,252],"release.":[12],"This":[13],"study":[14],"investigated":[15],"the":[16,48,95,110,119,143,167,184],"NH":[17,101,148,198,230],"emission":[19,200],"mitigation":[20],"potential":[21],"in":[22,106,109,115,135,166],"cubicle":[23,244],"loose":[24,245],"dairy":[25],"housing":[26,63,168,246],"with":[27,31,44,76,98,206,218,247],"a":[28,34,38,55,215,219,248,253,257],"solid":[29,52,96,250,254],"floor":[30,43,97,151,191,204,251,255],"3%":[32],"slope,":[33,123,258],"urine-collecting":[35],"gutter,":[36],"manure":[39,125,187,208],"removal":[40,126,188],"scraper":[41],"(\u2018solid":[42],"slope\u2019)":[45],"compared":[46,117],"to":[47,82,118],"reference":[49,120],"system":[50,121],"of":[51,128],"without":[54,122,256],"slope":[56,99],"at":[57],"full":[58],"scale.":[59],"Two":[60],"spatially":[61],"separated":[62],"compartments":[64],"enabled":[65],"case-control":[66],"measurements":[67],"under":[68,85],"comparable":[69],"conditions":[70],"(e.g.":[71],"climate).":[72],"A":[73,138],"tracer-ratio":[74],"method":[75],"artificial":[77],"tracer":[78],"gases":[79],"was":[80],"applied":[81],"quantify":[83],"emissions":[84,103,232],"natural":[86],"ventilation.":[87],"Measurements":[88],"taken":[89],"over":[90],"three":[91,129],"seasons":[92],"showed":[93],"that":[94],"reduced":[100],"by":[104],"17%":[105],"summer,":[107],"37%":[108],"transition":[111],"season,":[112],"21%":[114],"winter,":[116],"considering":[124],"frequencies":[127],"12":[131,207],"times":[132],"per":[133,210,233,235],"day":[134,211],"both":[136,203],"compartments.":[137],"linear":[139],"mixed-effects":[140],"model":[141],"identified":[142],"following":[144],"influencing":[145],"variables":[146],"on":[147],"emissions:":[150],"type":[152,192],"(":[153,160,169,177,193],"p":[154,161,170,178,194],"<":[155,162,171,179,195],"0.001),":[156,163,180],"outside":[157],"air":[158],"temperature":[159],"wind":[164],"speed":[165],"0.01),":[172],"milk":[174,224],"urea":[175,225],"content":[176],"as":[181,183],"well":[182],"interaction":[185],"between":[186,228],"frequency":[189],"0.001).":[196],"Annual":[197],"values":[201],"for":[202,243],"types":[205],"removals":[209],"were":[212,237],"obtained":[213],"using":[214],"model-based":[216],"calculation":[217],"broader":[220],"Swiss":[221],"database":[222],"(temperature,":[223],"content)":[226],"differentiating":[227],"regions.":[229],"animal":[234],"year":[236],"8.2\u20139.5":[238],"kg":[239,242],"11.8\u201312.8":[241],"sloped":[249],"respectively.":[259]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}