{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225329882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79010-2","title":"Documented SARS-CoV-2 infection and risk of neurodegenerative disease diagnosis: a target trial emulation across three real-world cohorts","display_name":"Documented SARS-CoV-2 infection and risk of neurodegenerative disease diagnosis: a target trial emulation across three real-world cohorts","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225329882","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79010-2"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-79010-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79010-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79010-2","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-79010-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-79010-2.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5094139970","display_name":"Jannis Guski","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-2751","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-2751"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098248","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/00trw9c49","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098248","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jannis Barking","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biomedical AI and Data Science, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing, 53757, Sankt Augustin, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4911-2751","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical AI and Data Science, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing, 53757, Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098248"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160894849","display_name":"Sofie Theisen Honor\u00e9","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sofie Theisen Honor\u00e9","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062436415","display_name":"Guillaume Azarias","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guillaume Azarias","raw_affiliation_strings":["TriNetX LLC, CancerDataNet GmbH, 4051, Basel, Switzerland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TriNetX LLC, CancerDataNet GmbH, 4051, Basel, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064183038","display_name":"Steven Sison","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166233","display_name":"TriNetX (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05skpc353","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166233"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steven Sison","raw_affiliation_strings":["TriNetX LLC, Customer Success, Cambridge, MA, 02140, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TriNetX LLC, Customer Success, Cambridge, MA, 02140, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166233"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107873434","display_name":"S\u00f8ren Brunak","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0316-5866","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0316-5866"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I124055696","display_name":"University of Copenhagen","ror":"https://ror.org/035b05819","country_code":"DK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801134892","display_name":"Novo Nordisk Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/04txyc737","country_code":"DK","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801134892"]}],"countries":["DK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S\u00f8ren Brunak","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark","Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, 1353, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen, Denmark","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I124055696","https://openalex.org/I2801134892"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054001409","display_name":"Holger Fr\u00f6hlich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-1243","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-1243"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135140700","display_name":"University of Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799391451","display_name":"University Hospital Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/01xnwqx93","country_code":"DE","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799391451"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210098248","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing","ror":"https://ror.org/00trw9c49","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210098248","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164149","display_name":"Bonn Aachen International Center for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/054zhq066","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700","https://openalex.org/I155417937","https://openalex.org/I4210164149","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4387154616","display_name":"Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence","ror":"https://ror.org/04s11ea33","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135140700","https://openalex.org/I200332995","https://openalex.org/I4210098062","https://openalex.org/I4210144576","https://openalex.org/I4387154616","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Holger Fr\u00f6hlich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology (B-IT), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany","Department of Biomedical AI and Data Science, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing, 53757, Sankt Augustin, Germany","Institute for Digital Medicine, University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, 53113, Bonn, Germany","Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5328-1243","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bonn-Aachen International Center for Information Technology (B-IT), University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700","https://openalex.org/I4210164149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biomedical AI and Data Science, Fraunhofer Institute for Algorithms and Scientific Computing, 53757, Sankt Augustin, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210098248"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Digital Medicine, University of Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, 53113, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700","https://openalex.org/I2799391451"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lamarr Institute for Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700","https://openalex.org/I4387154616"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5054001409","https://openalex.org/A5094139970"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135140700","https://openalex.org/I2799391451","https://openalex.org/I4210098248","https://openalex.org/I4210164149","https://openalex.org/I4387154616"],"apc_list":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"apc_paid":{"value":2690,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2690},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11368","display_name":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11368","display_name":"Long-Term Effects of COVID-19","score":0.9829000234603882,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2728","display_name":"Clinical Neurology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10041","display_name":"COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies","score":0.0032999999821186066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10009","display_name":"Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research","score":0.0031999999191612005,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2738","display_name":"Psychiatry and Mental health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/covid-19","display_name":"COVID-19 pandemic","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neurodegenerative-diseases","display_name":"neurodegenerative diseases","score":0.8980000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alzheimer-s-disease","display_name":"Alzheimer's disease","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parkinson-s-disease","display_name":"Parkinson's disease","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dementia","display_name":"dementia","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/target-trial-emulation","display_name":"target trial emulation","score":0.6700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competing-events","display_name":"competing events","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dependent-censoring","display_name":"dependent censoring","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-factors-for-dementia","display_name":"dementia risk factors","score":0.6420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/type-2-diabetes","display_name":"type 2 diabetes","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardiovascular-disease","display_name":"cardiovascular disease","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/depression","display_name":"depression","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hearing-loss","display_name":"hearing loss","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.9649999737739563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.6367999911308289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61511704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671857","display_name":"Incidence (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.6219000220298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116567970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q864217","display_name":"Biobank","level":2,"score":0.5562000274658203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88879693","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217690","display_name":"Cumulative incidence","level":3,"score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.41839998960494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.4180000126361847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.37959998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164622146","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9035","display_name":"Danish","level":2,"score":0.37450000643730164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50382708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223218","display_name":"Proportional hazards model","level":2,"score":0.35109999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534262118","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177719","display_name":"Medical diagnosis","level":2,"score":0.3409999907016754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.3321000039577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779473830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1540899","display_name":"MEDLINE","level":2,"score":0.32679998874664307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018260909","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1322871","display_name":"Exploratory analysis","level":2,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.3199000060558319},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72563966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303415","display_name":"Cohort","level":2,"score":0.31940001249313354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201903717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778788","display_name":"Cohort study","level":2,"score":0.31700000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199163554","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1681619","display_name":"Univariate","level":3,"score":0.2957000136375427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.2924000024795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.29089999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64357122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1149766","display_name":"Causality (physics)","level":2,"score":0.2903999984264374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143998085","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162555","display_name":"Oncology","level":1,"score":0.28700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776436953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163215","display_name":"Consistency (knowledge bases)","level":2,"score":0.28679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168563851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1436668","display_name":"Randomized controlled trial","level":2,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780553607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q684868","display_name":"Attrition","level":2,"score":0.2816999852657318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.26460000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780176501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5690755","display_name":"Health and Retirement Study","level":2,"score":0.26420000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993137441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28135712","display_name":"Polygenic risk score","level":5,"score":0.2567000091075897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161584116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1952580","display_name":"Multivariate statistics","level":2,"score":0.25110000371932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205545832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156455","display_name":"Young adult","level":2,"score":0.25040000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40423286","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q284172","display_name":"Selection bias","level":2,"score":0.2500999867916107}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-79010-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79010-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79010-2","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-79010-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:94c5ae938c8b4688a170a03a4b0f7319","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/94c5ae938c8b4688a170a03a4b0f7319","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports, Vol 16, Iss 1 (2026)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/527031","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/527031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal article"},{"id":"doi:10.24406/publica-11072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.24406/publica-11072","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.24406/publica-11072","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Other"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1038/s41598-026-79010-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79010-2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-79010-2","pdf_url":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-026-79010-2.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S196734849","display_name":"Scientific Reports","issn_l":"2045-2322","issn":["2045-2322"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319908","host_organization_name":"Nature Portfolio","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319908","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Nature Portfolio","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Scientific Reports","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225329882.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225329882.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":50,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1847168837","https://openalex.org/W2061624754","https://openalex.org/W2082704080","https://openalex.org/W2111635289","https://openalex.org/W2140978740","https://openalex.org/W2300711600","https://openalex.org/W2624816748","https://openalex.org/W2735301415","https://openalex.org/W2983684857","https://openalex.org/W2997591727","https://openalex.org/W3018283450","https://openalex.org/W3081710107","https://openalex.org/W3091776202","https://openalex.org/W3095092064","https://openalex.org/W3104425677","https://openalex.org/W3170733499","https://openalex.org/W3207327482","https://openalex.org/W4206179867","https://openalex.org/W4210955531","https://openalex.org/W4220760193","https://openalex.org/W4220784902","https://openalex.org/W4283316406","https://openalex.org/W4288702326","https://openalex.org/W4292410795","https://openalex.org/W4296806570","https://openalex.org/W4308371965","https://openalex.org/W4308624834","https://openalex.org/W4319074065","https://openalex.org/W4321331761","https://openalex.org/W4362605778","https://openalex.org/W4367294547","https://openalex.org/W4367304670","https://openalex.org/W4367397552","https://openalex.org/W4367833841","https://openalex.org/W4376321189","https://openalex.org/W4376640234","https://openalex.org/W4387739881","https://openalex.org/W4387960558","https://openalex.org/W4393944271","https://openalex.org/W4399631120","https://openalex.org/W4401164724","https://openalex.org/W4403571787","https://openalex.org/W4405393975","https://openalex.org/W4406996194","https://openalex.org/W4407146175","https://openalex.org/W4408140054","https://openalex.org/W4411994263","https://openalex.org/W4414686086","https://openalex.org/W4416690985","https://openalex.org/W7131293466"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7079653796","https://openalex.org/W4382918257","https://openalex.org/W4376615213","https://openalex.org/W4205092009","https://openalex.org/W3130362770","https://openalex.org/W4413791847","https://openalex.org/W3123073077","https://openalex.org/W7166038918","https://openalex.org/W3119016058","https://openalex.org/W6902056660"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Electronic":[1],"health":[2,43],"record":[3],"studies":[4],"have":[5],"reported":[6],"increased":[7],"incidence":[8,83],"of":[9,64,114],"Neurodegenerative":[10],"Diseases":[11],"(NDD)":[12],"following":[13],"SARS-CoV-2":[14,141],"infection,":[15],"but":[16],"causal":[17],"interpretation":[18],"is":[19],"complicated":[20],"by":[21],"differences":[22],"between":[23,196],"infected":[24],"and":[25,33,49,74,101,121,125,137,165,180,193,198,200],"uninfected":[26],"individuals,":[27],"differential":[28],"follow-up,":[29],"incomplete":[30],"infection":[31,142],"ascertainment":[32],"competing":[34,105],"mortality.":[35],"We":[36,107],"emulated":[37],"target":[38],"trials":[39],"using":[40,87],"Danish":[41],"national":[42],"registries,":[44],"the":[45,112],"US":[46],"TriNetX":[47],"network,":[48],"UK":[50],"Biobank":[51],"data,":[52],"including":[53,173],"individuals":[54,164],"aged":[55],"$$\\ge":[56],"$$":[57],"70":[58],"years":[59],"without":[60],"a":[61,104,122,147],"previous":[62],"diagnosis":[63],"Alzheimer\u2019s":[65,115],"disease,":[66,68,116,118,178],"Parkinson\u2019s":[67,117],"or":[69],"unspecified":[70,119],"dementia.":[71],"Historical":[72],"pre-pandemic":[73],"contemporary":[75],"test-negative":[76],"control":[77],"designs":[78],"were":[79,85,185],"evaluated.":[80],"Cause-specific":[81],"cumulative":[82],"functions":[84],"estimated":[86,108],"cross-fitted":[88],"targeted":[89],"maximum":[90],"likelihood":[91],"estimation":[92],"(TMLE),":[93],"accounting":[94],"for":[95,111,153],"measured":[96],"baseline":[97],"confounding,":[98],"dependent":[99],"censoring,":[100],"death":[102],"as":[103],"event.":[106],"marginal":[109],"effects":[110],"diagnoses":[113],"dementia,":[120],"composite":[123],"endpoint,":[124],"explored":[126],"heterogeneity":[127],"among":[128,162,166],"clinically":[129],"relevant":[130],"subgroups.":[131],"Across":[132],"cohorts,":[133],"control-group":[134],"designs,":[135],"outcomes,":[136,199],"follow-up":[138],"horizons,":[139],"documented":[140],"was":[143],"not":[144],"associated":[145],"with":[146,168],"consistent":[148],"increase":[149],"in":[150,204],"average":[151],"risk":[152,171],"NDD":[154],"diagnosis.":[155],"Exploratory":[156],"analyses":[157],"nevertheless":[158],"suggested":[159],"higher":[160],"risks":[161],"older":[163],"those":[167],"established":[169],"dementia-related":[170],"factors,":[172],"type":[174],"2":[175],"diabetes,":[176],"cardiovascular":[177],"depression,":[179],"hearing":[181],"impairment.":[182],"These":[183],"patterns":[184],"observed":[186],"across":[187],"several":[188],"analyses,":[189],"although":[190],"their":[191],"magnitude":[192],"consistency":[194],"varied":[195],"cohorts":[197],"require":[201],"further":[202],"confirmation":[203],"independent":[205],"studies.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-11T12:16:26.678958","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}
