{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225328484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182111289","title":"Deep Learning-Based Assessment of Urban Visual Perception from Street View Images: Implications for Sustainable Urban Planning in the Macau Peninsula","display_name":"Deep Learning-Based Assessment of Urban Visual Perception from Street View Images: Implications for Sustainable Urban Planning in the Macau Peninsula","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225328484","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182111289"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su182111289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182111289","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182111289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182111289","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102721545","display_name":"Chen Pan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3691-7966","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3691-7966"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128140","display_name":"Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/030ffke25","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128140"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Pan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Architecture and Civil Engineering Institute, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3691-7966","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Architecture and Civil Engineering Institute, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128140"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5138445610","display_name":"Jiaming Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7656-709X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7656-709X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128140","display_name":"Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/030ffke25","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128140"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaming Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Architecture and Civil Engineering Institute, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7656-709X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Architecture and Civil Engineering Institute, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128140"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5158476059","display_name":"Jun Yang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128140","display_name":"Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/030ffke25","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128140"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jun Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Architecture and Civil Engineering Institute, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China","School of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Architecture and Civil Engineering Institute, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128140"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Chemical Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming 525000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128140"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003239047","display_name":"Junming Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-0924","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-0924"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111950717","display_name":"Macau University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03jqs2n27","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111950717","https://openalex.org/I4391767947"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Junming Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6406-0924","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Humanities and Arts, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau 999078, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111950717"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003239047","https://openalex.org/A5158476059"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111950717","https://openalex.org/I4210128140"],"apc_list":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"apc_paid":{"value":2400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2896},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"21","first_page":"11289","last_page":"11289"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.9429000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12325","display_name":"Urban Design and Spatial Analysis","score":0.9429000020027161,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.01860000006854534,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3322","display_name":"Urban Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10036","display_name":"Advanced Neural Network Applications","score":0.00570000009611249,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/street-level-imagery","display_name":"street view images","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainable-urban-planning","display_name":"sustainable urban planning","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-segmentation","display_name":"semantic segmentation","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-autocorrelation","display_name":"spatial autocorrelation","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/xgboost-shap","display_name":"XGBoost-SHAP","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grad-cam","display_name":"Grad-CAM","score":0.9940000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-indicators","display_name":"visual indicators","score":0.5389999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-renewal-planning","display_name":"urban renewal planning","score":0.6669999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.6841999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5971999764442444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.512499988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49545453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q69883","display_name":"Urban planning","level":2,"score":0.49309998750686646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116834253","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2039217","display_name":"Identification (biology)","level":2,"score":0.453900009393692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123588078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34763","display_name":"Peninsula","level":2,"score":0.42559999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.421099990606308},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.4018000066280365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3953000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.37040001153945923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3675999939441681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.36739999055862427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.3474999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776873942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149013","display_name":"Spatial planning","level":2,"score":0.33320000767707825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178253425","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162668","display_name":"Visual perception","level":3,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.32899999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527412718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855395","display_name":"Interpretation (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.32249999046325684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.2969000041484833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.26910001039505005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778368647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q702492","display_name":"Urban area","level":2,"score":0.2587999999523163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.25200000405311584}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/su182111289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182111289","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182111289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/su182111289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182111289","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/su182111289","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S10134376","display_name":"Sustainability","issn_l":"2071-1050","issn":["2071-1050"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Sustainability","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028979196","https://openalex.org/W2042680340","https://openalex.org/W2052611179","https://openalex.org/W2118898434","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2478090196","https://openalex.org/W2560136348","https://openalex.org/W2610605913","https://openalex.org/W2617552557","https://openalex.org/W2799471775","https://openalex.org/W2808372731","https://openalex.org/W2901248430","https://openalex.org/W2915953456","https://openalex.org/W2933718005","https://openalex.org/W2947466881","https://openalex.org/W2956114003","https://openalex.org/W2962858109","https://openalex.org/W2967496926","https://openalex.org/W2999615587","https://openalex.org/W3046751713","https://openalex.org/W3092250696","https://openalex.org/W3095016512","https://openalex.org/W3102249753","https://openalex.org/W3118324211","https://openalex.org/W3119672322","https://openalex.org/W3124216104","https://openalex.org/W3124273757","https://openalex.org/W3160915774","https://openalex.org/W3161347788","https://openalex.org/W3164049546","https://openalex.org/W3166725335","https://openalex.org/W3184938584","https://openalex.org/W3195494505","https://openalex.org/W3202938484","https://openalex.org/W4210728450","https://openalex.org/W4214903717","https://openalex.org/W4306975509","https://openalex.org/W4309788300","https://openalex.org/W4312443924","https://openalex.org/W4315798013","https://openalex.org/W4321216750","https://openalex.org/W4321497524","https://openalex.org/W4386075802"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3119672322","https://openalex.org/W4390381325","https://openalex.org/W4415091055","https://openalex.org/W4392903671","https://openalex.org/W4417072984","https://openalex.org/W3184563394","https://openalex.org/W7135147036","https://openalex.org/W4367360045","https://openalex.org/W4387571512","https://openalex.org/W4415146549"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Urban":[0],"street-view":[1],"imagery":[2],"provides":[3],"a":[4],"scalable":[5],"basis":[6],"for":[7,91,97],"examining":[8],"visible":[9],"environmental":[10],"conditions":[11],"relevant":[12],"to":[13,36,126,140],"human-centered":[14],"sustainability.":[15],"This":[16],"study":[17],"combines":[18],"SegFormer-B5":[19],"semantic":[20,109],"segmentation,":[21],"six":[22,64,114],"ResNet-50":[23],"classifiers":[24,66],"trained":[25],"using":[26],"Place":[27],"Pulse":[28],"2.0":[29],"annotations,":[30],"spatial":[31,82,135],"autocorrelation,":[32],"XGBoost\u2013SHAP,":[33],"and":[34,76,95,112,137,150],"Grad-CAM":[35,119],"analyze":[37],"20,256":[38],"images":[39],"from":[40,54],"5064":[41],"sampling":[42],"locations":[43],"in":[44,69],"the":[45,55,63,70,92,98,113,121],"Macau":[46],"Peninsula.":[47],"We":[48],"derived":[49],"four":[50],"objective":[51],"visual":[52],"indicators":[53,75],"segmentation":[56],"results.":[57],"The":[58,73,129],"mean":[59],"classification":[60],"accuracy":[61],"across":[62],"perception":[65,116],"was":[67],"73.70%":[68],"source-domain":[71],"validation.":[72],"image-derived":[74],"model-predicted":[77,115],"scene":[78,110],"categories":[79],"exhibit":[80],"significant":[81],"clustering,":[83],"including":[84],"global":[85],"Moran\u2019s":[86],"I":[87],"values":[88],"of":[89,144],"0.673":[90],"Boring":[93],"score":[94],"0.637":[96],"Green":[99],"View":[100],"Index.":[101],"XGBoost\u2013SHAP":[102],"further":[103],"identifies":[104],"nonlinear":[105],"associations":[106],"between":[107],"19":[108],"components":[111],"scores,":[117],"while":[118],"visualizes":[120],"image":[122],"regions":[123],"that":[124],"contribute":[125],"individual":[127],"predictions.":[128],"integrated":[130],"framework":[131],"links":[132],"streetscape":[133],"measurement,":[134],"diagnosis,":[136],"model":[138],"interpretation":[139],"support":[141],"systematic":[142],"identification":[143],"streets":[145],"requiring":[146],"detailed":[147],"urban-design":[148],"assessment":[149],"locally":[151],"informed":[152],"renewal":[153],"planning.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}
