{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225327044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10907059/v1","title":"Forced transition as a design and robustness variable for the lifting surfaces of solar stratospheric platforms","display_name":"Forced transition as a design and robustness variable for the lifting surfaces of solar stratospheric platforms","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225327044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10907059/v1"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10907059/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10907059/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10907059/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10907059/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10907059/latest.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007525002","display_name":"Melih Y\u0131ld\u0131z","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7546-4462","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7546-4462"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87673952","display_name":"Erciyes University","ror":"https://ror.org/047g8vk19","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87673952"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Melih Y\u0131ld\u0131z","raw_affiliation_strings":["Erciyes University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Erciyes University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87673952"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5007525002"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87673952"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12719","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems","score":0.7660999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12719","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering and Energy Systems","score":0.7660999894142151,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12125","display_name":"Aerospace and Aviation Technology","score":0.054099999368190765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10360","display_name":"Fluid Dynamics and Turbulent Flows","score":0.040300000458955765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2206","display_name":"Computational Mechanics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laminar-separation-bubble","display_name":"laminar separation bubble","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-reynolds-number-airfoils","display_name":"low Reynolds number airfoils","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drag-reduction","display_name":"drag reduction","score":0.36000001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roughness-reynolds-number","display_name":"roughness Reynolds number","score":0.8059999942779541}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72921944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206621","display_name":"Drag","level":2,"score":0.605400025844574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112124176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4698744","display_name":"Airfoil","level":2,"score":0.6032000184059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182748727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178932","display_name":"Reynolds number","level":3,"score":0.5353000164031982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5051000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57879066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41217","display_name":"Mechanics","level":1,"score":0.5022000074386597},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.41940000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.41519999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72117827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1778961","display_name":"Drag coefficient","level":3,"score":0.4052000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.4011000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195637266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662148","display_name":"Lift-induced drag","level":4,"score":0.375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C527307","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370906","display_name":"Angle of attack","level":3,"score":0.3716000020503998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71039073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3439090","display_name":"Surface finish","level":2,"score":0.35359999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3504999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13393347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8424","display_name":"Aerodynamics","level":2,"score":0.3495999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.34940001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76563973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189452","display_name":"Laminar flow","level":2,"score":0.3127000033855438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182365436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50701","display_name":"Variable (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.303600013256073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2989000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194147245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1076368","display_name":"Chord (peer-to-peer)","level":2,"score":0.2944999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107365816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q114817","display_name":"Surface roughness","level":2,"score":0.2921000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.2863999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.2858999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2786000072956085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199104240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118291","display_name":"Marine engineering","level":1,"score":0.2732999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195761226","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4748492","display_name":"Amplification factor","level":4,"score":0.2685000002384186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38439746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5366689","display_name":"Laminar-turbulent transition","level":3,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779733308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17146464","display_name":"Tripping","level":3,"score":0.2639000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13662910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193139","display_name":"Trajectory","level":2,"score":0.2606000006198883}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10907059/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10907059/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10907059/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10907059/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10907059/v1","doi":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10907059/v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-10907059/v1","pdf_url":"https://www.researchsquare.com/article/rs-10907059/latest.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525896","display_name":"Research Square","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Research Square","raw_type":"posted-content"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225327044.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225327044.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1515007632","https://openalex.org/W1607071030","https://openalex.org/W2017636390","https://openalex.org/W2151635220","https://openalex.org/W4297677257","https://openalex.org/W4415289243"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7126115673","https://openalex.org/W1511373983","https://openalex.org/W4205480109","https://openalex.org/W2316056389","https://openalex.org/W6923616815","https://openalex.org/W7009261866","https://openalex.org/W2597291992","https://openalex.org/W2322793198","https://openalex.org/W4235993131","https://openalex.org/W2033110809"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Forcing":[1],"boundary-layer":[2],"transition":[3,81,183,190],"is":[4,28,38,52,62,94,185,192,213],"the":[5,9,15,32,35,50,60,80,84,91,97,107,114,122,127,140,155,160,166,170,200,206,219,222],"standard":[6],"remedy":[7],"for":[8,31,54,68,109],"laminar":[10],"separation":[11],"bubble":[12,223],"that":[13,125],"dominates":[14],"drag":[16,112,204],"of":[17,202],"low-Reynolds":[18,70],"lifting":[19],"surfaces,":[20],"and":[21,59,83,225],"on":[22],"a":[23,46,133],"solar":[24],"stratospheric":[25],"platform":[26,123],"it":[27,229],"normally":[29],"discussed":[30],"wing.":[33],"Here":[34],"forced-transition":[36],"location":[37,82],"treated":[39],"as":[40,88,169],"an":[41],"explicit":[42],"design":[43,211],"variable":[44],"inside":[45],"coupled":[47],"environment\u2013sizing\u2013mission":[48],"closure,":[49],"trip":[51,92,108,134,218],"charged":[53],"its":[55,110],"own":[56,111],"excrescence":[57],"drag,":[58],"result":[61],"resolved":[63],"by":[64],"component.":[65],"Section":[66],"polars":[67],"five":[69],"airfoils":[71],"are":[72],"generated":[73],"over":[74],"chord":[75],"Reynolds":[76,99],"numbers":[77],"\\(\\:3\\times\\:{10}^{4}\\le\\:R{e}_{c}\\le\\:{10}^{6}\\)":[78],"with":[79],"amplification":[85,207],"factor":[86,208],"\\(\\:{n}_{\\text{c}\\text{r}\\text{i}\\text{t}}\\)":[87],"free":[89],"axes;":[90],"height":[93,137],"sized":[95],"from":[96,117,132,174],"roughness":[98],"number":[100],"criterion.":[101],"Three":[102],"results":[103],"follow.":[104],"First,":[105],"charging":[106],"moves":[113],"profitability":[115],"threshold":[116,224],"\\(\\:R{e}_{c}\\approx\\:3.5\\times\\:{10}^{5}\\)":[118],"to":[119,178,205],"\\(\\:\\approx\\:2.0\\times\\:{10}^{5}\\).":[120],"Second,":[121],"straddles":[124],"threshold:":[126],"wing,":[128],"at":[129,135,142,176,180],"\\(\\:R{e}_{c}=1.97\\times\\:{10}^{5}\\),":[130],"loses":[131],"every":[136],"considered,":[138],"while":[139],"empennage,":[141],"\\(\\:1.08\\times\\:{10}^{5}\\),":[143],"gains":[144],"throughout":[145],"\u2014":[146],"tripping":[147,198],"both":[148],"surfaces":[149,220],"costs":[150,163],"1.8%":[151],"in":[152],"gross":[153],"mass,":[154],"empennage":[156],"alone":[157,162],"saves":[158],"4.6%,":[159],"wing":[161],"6.6%.":[164],"Third,":[165],"benefit":[167],"grows":[168],"disturbance":[171],"environment":[172],"quiets,":[173],"1.5%":[175],"\\(\\:{n}_{\\text{c}\\text{r}\\text{i}\\text{t}}=7\\)":[177],"8.7%":[179],"\\(\\:{n}_{\\text{c}\\text{r}\\text{i}\\text{t}}=13\\),":[181],"so":[182],"control":[184],"worth":[186],"most":[187],"precisely":[188],"where":[189],"prediction":[191],"least":[193],"verifiable;":[194],"against":[195],"wind-tunnel":[196],"data,":[197],"reduces":[199],"sensitivity":[201],"predicted":[203],"eighteen-fold.":[209],"The":[210],"rule":[212],"therefore":[214],"component-wise,":[215],"not":[216],"chordwise:":[217],"below":[221],"leave":[226],"those":[227],"above":[228],"clean.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-09T13:22:03.289127","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}