{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225324684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71274/ijpp.v14i8.787","title":"Relationship between Problematic Internet Use and Risk of Addiction to Online Pornography among Undergraduate Students in Selected Universities in Kenya","display_name":"Relationship between Problematic Internet Use and Risk of Addiction to Online Pornography among Undergraduate Students in Selected Universities in Kenya","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225324684","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71274/ijpp.v14i8.787"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.71274/ijpp.v14i8.787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71274/ijpp.v14i8.787","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.71274/ijpp.v14i8.787","pdf_url":"https://ijpp.kemu.ac.ke/index.php/ijpp/article/download/787/311","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407031436","display_name":"International Journal of Professional Practice","issn_l":"2790-9468","issn":["2790-9468"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36770943","host_organization_name":"Kenya Methodist University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36770943"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Professional Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://ijpp.kemu.ac.ke/index.php/ijpp/article/download/787/311","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160261472","display_name":"Jane Marete","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36770943","display_name":"Kenya Methodist University","ror":"https://ror.org/033tvp994","country_code":"KE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36770943"]}],"countries":["KE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jane Marete","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kenya Methodist University , P.O. Box , 267 -60200 , Meru , Kenya"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kenya Methodist University , P.O. Box , 267 -60200 , Meru , Kenya","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36770943"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5160261472"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36770943"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"8","first_page":"61","last_page":"71"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12335","display_name":"Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology","score":0.951200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12335","display_name":"Sexuality, Behavior, and Technology","score":0.951200008392334,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10355","display_name":"Impact of Technology on Adolescents","score":0.046799998730421066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11705","display_name":"Gambling Behavior and Treatments","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/problematic-internet-use","display_name":"problematic internet use","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-pornography","display_name":"online pornography","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pornography-addiction","display_name":"pornography addiction","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/undergraduate-students","display_name":"undergraduate students","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/college-students","display_name":"university students","score":0.9169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curiosity","display_name":"curiosity","score":0.41100001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/online-anonymity","display_name":"online anonymity","score":0.7089999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-addiction-prevention","display_name":"internet addiction prevention","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kenya","display_name":"Kenya","score":0.3149999976158142}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6883000135421753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48856860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12029","display_name":"Addiction","level":2,"score":0.6700999736785889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6371999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781301322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q291","display_name":"Pornography","level":2,"score":0.6229000091552734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.5098000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.48429998755455017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56995899","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1126687","display_name":"Focus group","level":2,"score":0.47279998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509550671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126945","display_name":"Medical education","level":1,"score":0.4722000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.45500001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.37630000710487366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87156501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268708","display_name":"Qualitative property","level":2,"score":0.33059999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203094294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6035951","display_name":"Online research methods","level":2,"score":0.3303999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65067816","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2295139","display_name":"Computer-assisted web interviewing","level":2,"score":0.32429999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190248442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q839486","display_name":"Qualitative research","level":2,"score":0.3091999888420105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43214815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7310987","display_name":"Reliability (semiconductor)","level":3,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3000999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.2881999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20353970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056998","display_name":"Simple random sample","level":3,"score":0.2842000126838684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020148958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1260022","display_name":"Addiction treatment","level":3,"score":0.2759000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994008635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q730675","display_name":"Quantitative methodology","level":2,"score":0.27300000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133462117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4929239","display_name":"Data collection","level":2,"score":0.263700008392334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777154746","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660567","display_name":"Child pornography","level":3,"score":0.2535000145435333}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.71274/ijpp.v14i8.787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71274/ijpp.v14i8.787","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.71274/ijpp.v14i8.787","pdf_url":"https://ijpp.kemu.ac.ke/index.php/ijpp/article/download/787/311","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407031436","display_name":"International Journal of Professional Practice","issn_l":"2790-9468","issn":["2790-9468"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36770943","host_organization_name":"Kenya Methodist University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36770943"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Professional Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.71274/ijpp.v14i8.787","doi":"https://doi.org/10.71274/ijpp.v14i8.787","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.71274/ijpp.v14i8.787","pdf_url":"https://ijpp.kemu.ac.ke/index.php/ijpp/article/download/787/311","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5407031436","display_name":"International Journal of Professional Practice","issn_l":"2790-9468","issn":["2790-9468"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36770943","host_organization_name":"Kenya Methodist University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36770943"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Professional Practice","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6240000128746033,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225324684.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7225324684.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2109711132","https://openalex.org/W2324178853","https://openalex.org/W2540764389","https://openalex.org/W2804526968","https://openalex.org/W2857751367","https://openalex.org/W3097146088","https://openalex.org/W3211227657","https://openalex.org/W4318710276","https://openalex.org/W4393037371","https://openalex.org/W7221504876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W6936617177","https://openalex.org/W3157603493","https://openalex.org/W3157530717","https://openalex.org/W3178867436","https://openalex.org/W2011649078","https://openalex.org/W3136085333","https://openalex.org/W1607965201","https://openalex.org/W7196942295","https://openalex.org/W3146836045","https://openalex.org/W7218251328"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,59,74,99,140,155,281],"purpose":[1],"of":[2,10,18,54,113,137,213,273],"this":[3],"study":[4,60,282],"was":[5,61,77,93,173,208],"to":[6,20,40,51,56,215,277],"examine":[7],"the":[8,16,52,90,166,193,197,261,269],"role":[9],"problematic":[11],"internet":[12,33,296],"use":[13],"(PIU)":[14],"in":[15,26,28,35,81,84,185],"risk":[17,53,212,233],"addiction":[19,55,214],"online":[21,41,57,170,216,274,278],"pornography":[22,171,279],"among":[23],"undergraduate":[24,38,79,294],"students":[25,39,80,228],"universities":[27,36,83,141],"Kenya.":[29],"Free":[30],"and":[31,66,86,96,107,129,151,163,196,204,227,268,271,288],"unlimited":[32],"access":[34,275],"exposes":[37],"pornography,":[42,217],"yet":[43],"little":[44],"is":[45],"known":[46],"about":[47],"how":[48],"PIU":[49,207,230],"relates":[50],"pornography.":[58],"guided":[62],"by":[63],"Bandura's":[64],"theory":[65],"used":[67],"an":[68,123],"ex":[69],"post":[70],"facto":[71],"research":[72],"design.":[73],"target":[75],"population":[76,92],"97,284":[78],"four":[82,108,135,138],"Nairobi":[85],"Meru":[87],"Counties,":[88],"Kenya;":[89],"accessible":[91],"18,911":[94],"second-":[95],"third-year":[97],"students.":[98],"sample":[100],"comprised":[101],"391":[102],"undergraduates,":[103],"16":[104],"peer":[105],"counsellors":[106,289],"student":[109],"counsellors,":[110],"a":[111,120],"total":[112],"411":[114],"participants.":[115],"Data":[116],"were":[117,142,147,157,183,202],"collected":[118],"using":[119,189],"questionnaire":[121],"(students),":[122],"in-depth":[124],"interview":[125],"schedule":[126],"(student":[127],"counsellors)":[128],"focus":[130],"group":[131],"discussions":[132],"(peer":[133],"counsellors;":[134],"groups":[136],"participants).":[139],"selected":[143,148],"purposively,":[144],"while":[145],"respondents":[146],"through":[149],"purposive":[150],"simple":[152],"random":[153],"sampling.":[154],"instruments":[156],"pre-tested":[158],"at":[159],"one":[160],"similar":[161],"university":[162,286],"modified":[164],"accordingly;":[165],"reliability":[167],"coefficient":[168],"for":[169,263],"items":[172],"0.782.":[174],"Quantitative":[175],"data":[176,201],"(317":[177],"returned":[178],"questionnaires;":[179],"response":[180],"rate":[181],"81.1%)":[182],"analysed":[184,205],"SPSS":[186],"version":[187],"28,":[188],"frequencies,":[190],"percentages,":[191],"means,":[192],"chi-square":[194],"test":[195],"independent-samples":[198],"t-test.":[199],"Qualitative":[200,256],"coded":[203],"thematically.":[206],"significantly":[209],"associated":[210],"with":[211,229],"\u03c7\u00b2(1,":[218],"N":[219],"=":[220,222,225,236,239,245,248,251,254],"317)":[221],"5.43,":[223],"p":[224,253],".020,":[226],"had":[231],"higher":[232],"scores":[234],"(M":[235,244],"11.7,":[237],"SD":[238,247],"5.5)":[240],"than":[241],"those":[242],"without":[243],"9.9,":[246],"4.2),":[249],"t(315)":[250],"\u22123.25,":[252],".001.":[255],"findings":[257],"indicated":[258],"that":[259,284],"curiosity,":[260],"search":[262],"information":[264],"on":[265],"sexuality,":[266],"idleness,":[267],"privacy":[270],"anonymity":[272],"contributed":[276],"use.":[280,297],"recommends":[283],"government,":[285],"management":[287],"develop":[290],"preventive":[291],"measures":[292],"addressing":[293],"students\u2019":[295]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}