{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225320716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23972694","title":"Immunometabolic Reprogramming of T Cells: Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Epigenetic Control, and Therapeutic Opportunities","display_name":"Immunometabolic Reprogramming of T Cells: Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Epigenetic Control, and Therapeutic Opportunities","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225320716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23972694"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23972694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23972694","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23972694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23972694","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160917067","display_name":"Ranajeet Patil","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405287382","display_name":"Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/050ycf013","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405287382"]}],"countries":["UZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranajeet Patil","raw_affiliation_strings":["MBBS Third Year, Department of Pharmacology, Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Uzbekistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"MBBS Third Year, Department of Pharmacology, Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Uzbekistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405287382"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160838894","display_name":"Malleshappa Birajadar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405287382","display_name":"Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/050ycf013","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405287382"]}],"countries":["UZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Malleshappa Birajadar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor Department Of Pharmacology, Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Uzbekistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor Department Of Pharmacology, Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Uzbekistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405287382"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051366942","display_name":"Shivprasad Dhage","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405287382","display_name":"Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health","ror":"https://ror.org/050ycf013","country_code":"UZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405287382"]}],"countries":["UZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shivprasad Dhage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Assistant Professor Department Of Pharmacology, Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Uzbekistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Assistant Professor Department Of Pharmacology, Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health, Uzbekistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405287382"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405287382"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.4440999925136566,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10031","display_name":"T-cell and B-cell Immunology","score":0.4440999925136566,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10631","display_name":"Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism","score":0.24660000205039978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1306","display_name":"Cancer Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10158","display_name":"Cancer Immunotherapy and Biomarkers","score":0.11659999936819077,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-metabolism","display_name":"T cell metabolism","score":0.9129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immunometabolism","display_name":"immunometabolism","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitochondrial-dysfunction","display_name":"mitochondrial dysfunction","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epigenetic-regulation","display_name":"epigenetic regulation","score":0.7620000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerobic-glycolysis","display_name":"aerobic glycolysis","score":0.875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-exhaustion","display_name":"T cell exhaustion","score":0.7760000228881836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/t-cell-senescence","display_name":"T cell senescence","score":0.9589999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mtor","display_name":"mTOR","score":0.8830000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ampk","display_name":"AMPK","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hypoxia-inducible-factor-1","display_name":"HIF-1","score":0.996999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/c-myc","display_name":"c-Myc","score":0.9629999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pd-1","display_name":"PD-1","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-oxygen-species","display_name":"reactive oxygen species","score":0.7639999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chromatin-modification","display_name":"chromatin modification","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoimmune-disease","display_name":"autoimmune disease","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tumour-immunity","display_name":"tumour immunity","score":0.9200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-inhibitors","display_name":"metabolic inhibitors","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nutrient-supplementation","display_name":"nutrient supplementation","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metabolic-heterogeneity","display_name":"metabolic heterogeneity","score":0.6840000152587891}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.7006000280380249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41091548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26939","display_name":"Epigenetics","level":3,"score":0.6251999735832214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.5748999714851379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28859421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39572","display_name":"Mitochondrion","level":2,"score":0.5586000084877014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.546999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77255625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q402093","display_name":"Reprogramming","level":3,"score":0.4478999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51785407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2627568","display_name":"Effector","level":2,"score":0.41429999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.41200000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7836513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1641506","display_name":"Hypoxia (environmental)","level":3,"score":0.38280001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.35740000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.34369999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192989942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q68685","display_name":"Metabolic pathway","level":3,"score":0.31049999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145059251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310899","display_name":"microRNA","level":3,"score":0.3046000003814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169822122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q230187","display_name":"Crosstalk","level":2,"score":0.298799991607666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777701055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427096","display_name":"Immunotherapy","level":3,"score":0.28949999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203522944","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q288322","display_name":"Autophagy","level":3,"score":0.28940001130104065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179463898","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10273301","display_name":"Epigenesis","level":5,"score":0.2888999879360199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502942594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3421914","display_name":"Cancer research","level":1,"score":0.2806999981403351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60644358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128570","display_name":"Bioinformatics","level":1,"score":0.2727999985218048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780179540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1765748","display_name":"Transplant rejection","level":3,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70818257","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q502671","display_name":"Metabolic control analysis","level":3,"score":0.262800008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911091166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106419912","display_name":"Transplantation","level":2,"score":0.25459998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136449434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428253","display_name":"Innate immune system","level":3,"score":0.25450000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777229759","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6881848","display_name":"Mitochondrial biogenesis","level":3,"score":0.2524999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777949483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285613","display_name":"Mechanistic target of rapamycin","level":4,"score":0.2522999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83464605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575296","display_name":"Antigen presentation","level":4,"score":0.25130000710487366}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23972694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23972694","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23972694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23972695","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23972695","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23972695","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23972694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23972694","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23972694","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"JournalArticle"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4319661085","https://openalex.org/W4407483678","https://openalex.org/W4295203267","https://openalex.org/W7224116446","https://openalex.org/W4214549987","https://openalex.org/W3087726072","https://openalex.org/W7159591048","https://openalex.org/W4383552560","https://openalex.org/W2966897331","https://openalex.org/W3159750120"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"T":[0,122],"lymphocytes":[1],"must":[2],"change":[3],"their":[4],"metabolic":[5,155,196,213,224],"wiring":[6,18],"to":[7,21,47,65],"survive,":[8],"expand,":[9],"differentiate":[10],"and":[11,13,57,59,61,82,90,97,126,132,141,159,164,172,186,189,202,219],"persist,":[12],"the":[14,74,143,161,165,220],"quality":[15],"of":[16,25,33,76,145,204],"that":[17,99,174],"increasingly":[19],"appears":[20],"be":[22],"a":[23,30,48,66],"determinant":[24],"immune":[26],"outcome":[27],"rather":[28],"than":[29],"passive":[31],"by-product":[32],"activation.":[34],"Naive":[35],"cells":[36,45,123],"rely":[37],"on":[38,153],"efficient":[39],"mitochondrial":[40,106,157,198],"oxidation,":[41],"whereas":[42],"activated":[43],"effector":[44],"switch":[46],"program":[49],"dominated":[50],"by":[51,102],"aerobic":[52],"glycolysis,":[53],"amino":[54],"acid":[55],"uptake":[56],"biosynthesis,":[58],"memory":[60],"regulatory":[62],"subsets":[63],"return":[64],"more":[67],"oxidative,":[68],"lipid-supported":[69],"state.":[70],"Mitochondria":[71],"sit":[72],"at":[73],"centre":[75],"this":[77],"circuit.":[78],"They":[79],"supply":[80],"energy":[81],"biosynthetic":[83],"intermediates,":[84],"generate":[85],"signalling":[86,166],"reactive":[87],"oxygen":[88],"species,":[89],"provide":[91],"substrates,":[92],"such":[93],"as":[94],"acetyl-CoA,":[95],"alpha-ketoglutarate":[96],"S-adenosylmethionine,":[98],"are":[100],"used":[101],"chromatin-modifying":[103],"enzymes.":[104],"When":[105],"mass,":[107],"dynamics":[108],"or":[109,120],"respiratory":[110],"capacity":[111],"deteriorate":[112],"under":[113],"chronic":[114],"antigen":[115],"exposure,":[116],"nutrient":[117,200],"competition,":[118],"hypoxia":[119],"inflammation,":[121],"lose":[124],"fitness":[125],"enter":[127],"dysfunctional":[128],"states,":[129],"including":[130,195,212],"exhaustion":[131],"senescence.":[133],"In":[134],"parallel,":[135],"epigenetic":[136],"remodelling":[137],"fixes":[138],"these":[139,181],"states":[140],"limits":[142],"durability":[144],"therapeutic":[146,193],"reinvigoration.":[147],"This":[148],"review":[149],"integrates":[150],"current":[151],"evidence":[152],"T-cell":[154],"programs,":[156],"function":[158],"failure,":[160],"metabolic-epigenetic":[162],"interface,":[163],"nodes":[167],"(mTOR,":[168],"AMPK,":[169],"HIF-1,":[170],"Myc":[171],"PD-1)":[173],"coordinate":[175],"them.":[176],"We":[177],"then":[178],"discuss":[179],"how":[180],"mechanisms":[182],"shape":[183],"autoimmune":[184],"disease":[185],"tumour":[187],"immunity,":[188],"we":[190,208],"critically":[191],"appraise":[192],"strategies,":[194],"inhibitors,":[197],"enhancers,":[199],"supplementation":[201],"engineering":[203],"cellular":[205],"therapies.":[206],"Finally,":[207],"outline":[209],"outstanding":[210],"challenges,":[211],"heterogeneity,":[214],"systemic":[215],"toxicity,":[216],"translational":[217],"gaps":[218],"need":[221],"for":[222],"single-cell":[223],"profiling.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}
