{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225319745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-026-02112-y","title":"Layered double hydroxide-based composites for catalysis: a review of morphology and structure modification strategies","display_name":"Layered double hydroxide-based composites for catalysis: a review of morphology and structure modification strategies","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225319745","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-026-02112-y"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42114-026-02112-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-026-02112-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-026-02112-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207107","display_name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","issn_l":"2522-0128","issn":["2522-0128","2522-0136"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-026-02112-y","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044394497","display_name":"Muhammad Altaf Nazir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5364-4975","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5364-4975"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174731842","display_name":"Islamia University of Bahawalpur","ror":"https://ror.org/002rc4w13","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174731842"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Altaf Nazir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174731842"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075023804","display_name":"Muhammad Kashif Aslam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1245-8994","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1245-8994"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201726411","display_name":"United Arab Emirates University","ror":"https://ror.org/01km6p862","country_code":"AE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201726411"]}],"countries":["AE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Kashif Aslam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, UAE University, PO BOX 15551, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, UAE University, PO BOX 15551, Al Ain, 15551, United Arab Emirates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201726411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100723390","display_name":"Sami Ullah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9669-5737","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9669-5737","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-9722-9149"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181877577","display_name":"Shanxi University","ror":"https://ror.org/03y3e3s17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sami Ullah","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181877577"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002470012","display_name":"Aziz ur Rehman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8835-7412","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8835-7412"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174731842","display_name":"Islamia University of Bahawalpur","ror":"https://ror.org/002rc4w13","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174731842"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aziz ur Rehman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Chemistry, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174731842"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078125230","display_name":"Tayyaba Najam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9284-9401","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9284-9401"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142204992","display_name":"University of Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/051jrjw38","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tayyaba Najam","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142204992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004479441","display_name":"Abul Kalam","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0930-3791","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0930-3791"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82952536","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abul Kalam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, 61413, Abha, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82952536"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043262066","display_name":"Costas Molochas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-4944","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2166-4944"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145722265","display_name":"University of Thessaly","ror":"https://ror.org/04v4g9h31","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Costas Molochas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Alternative Energy Conversion Systems, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, 38334, Pedion Areos, Greece"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Alternative Energy Conversion Systems, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, 38334, Pedion Areos, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020888405","display_name":"\u0410\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0439 \u0414\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043d","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145722265","display_name":"University of Thessaly","ror":"https://ror.org/04v4g9h31","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142925","display_name":"Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/0521rv456","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210142925","https://openalex.org/I4210145551"]}],"countries":["GR","RU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anatoly Demin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Alternative Energy Conversion Systems, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, 38334, Pedion Areos, Greece","Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based On Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes, Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry (RAS), Yekaterinburg, 620990, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Alternative Energy Conversion Systems, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, 38334, Pedion Areos, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based On Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes, Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry (RAS), Yekaterinburg, 620990, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142925"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047349369","display_name":"Panagiotis E. Tsiakaras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7758-1216","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7758-1216","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4952-4871"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145722265","display_name":"University of Thessaly","ror":"https://ror.org/04v4g9h31","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210142925","display_name":"Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry","ror":"https://ror.org/0521rv456","country_code":"RU","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1313323035","https://openalex.org/I4210142925","https://openalex.org/I4210145551"]}],"countries":["GR","RU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Panagiotis Tsiakaras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Alternative Energy Conversion Systems, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, 38334, Pedion Areos, Greece","Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based On Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes, Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry (RAS), Yekaterinburg, 620990, Russia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Alternative Energy Conversion Systems, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, 38334, Pedion Areos, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based On Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes, Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry (RAS), Yekaterinburg, 620990, Russia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210142925"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038108109","display_name":"Syed Shoaib Ahmad Shah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1741-6048","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1741-6048"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Syed Shoaib Ahmad Shah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Catalysis and Surface Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038108109","https://openalex.org/A5044394497","https://openalex.org/A5047349369","https://openalex.org/A5075023804"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145722265","https://openalex.org/I174731842","https://openalex.org/I201726411","https://openalex.org/I4210142925","https://openalex.org/I929597975"],"apc_list":{"value":3490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3490},"apc_paid":{"value":3490,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3490},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11940","display_name":"Layered Double Hydroxides Synthesis and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11940","display_name":"Layered Double Hydroxides Synthesis and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2505","display_name":"Materials Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10030","display_name":"Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10179","display_name":"Supercapacitor Materials and Fabrication","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2504","display_name":"Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layered-double-hydroxides","display_name":"layered double hydroxides","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/morphology-control","display_name":"morphology control","score":0.8999999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-modification","display_name":"structural modification","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrocatalysis","display_name":"electrocatalysis","score":0.9520000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photocatalysis","display_name":"photocatalysis","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-catalysis","display_name":"energy catalysis","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interfacial-interactions","display_name":"interfacial interactions","score":0.8510000109672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-structure-tuning","display_name":"electronic structure modulation","score":0.7549999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noble-metal-catalysts","display_name":"noble metal catalysts","score":0.6129999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synergistic-catalysis","display_name":"synergistic catalysis","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthesis-conditions","display_name":"synthesis conditions","score":0.38499999046325684}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778002958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17078098","display_name":"Layered double hydroxides","level":3,"score":0.7682999968528748},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6615999937057495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.6557999849319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33989665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5357962","display_name":"Electrocatalyst","level":4,"score":0.6223999857902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C499950583","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183252","display_name":"Morphology (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5058000087738037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778517922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140482","display_name":"Particle (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.47839999198913574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.4724000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104779481","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50707","display_name":"Composite number","level":2,"score":0.4722000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.45509999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218831","display_name":"Photocatalysis","level":3,"score":0.4447000026702881},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53105671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14777816","display_name":"Rational design","level":2,"score":0.3921999931335449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775871042","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585302","display_name":"Noble metal","level":3,"score":0.36309999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106487976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q685816","display_name":"Matrix (chemical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128765274","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663314","display_name":"Hexagonal crystal system","level":2,"score":0.3434999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544153396","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11426","display_name":"Metal","level":2,"score":0.3379000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115537861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7645993","display_name":"Surface modification","level":2,"score":0.31060001254081726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42360764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588","display_name":"Chemical engineering","level":1,"score":0.30550000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187530423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7140503","display_name":"Particle size","level":2,"score":0.2847000062465668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86025842","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5358432","display_name":"Electronic structure","level":2,"score":0.27059999108314514}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42114-026-02112-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-026-02112-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-026-02112-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207107","display_name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","issn_l":"2522-0128","issn":["2522-0128","2522-0136"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s42114-026-02112-y","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-026-02112-y","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s42114-026-02112-y","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210207107","display_name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","issn_l":"2522-0128","issn":["2522-0128","2522-0136"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","poland-20","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319900","host_organization_name":"Springer Science+Business Media","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319900","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Science+Business Media","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Advanced Composites and Hybrid Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.878000020980835,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324433","display_name":"King Khalid University","ror":"https://ror.org/052kwzs30"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4303958783","https://openalex.org/W4400590107","https://openalex.org/W4408132046","https://openalex.org/W3025370364","https://openalex.org/W2803833520","https://openalex.org/W4378190001","https://openalex.org/W2891436153","https://openalex.org/W2014574008","https://openalex.org/W4415076904","https://openalex.org/W2981000742"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Layered":[0],"double":[1],"hydroxides":[2],"(LDHs),":[3],"typical":[4],"of":[5,24,31,37,53,66,79,83,114,137,159,202],"inorganic":[6],"layered":[7],"particles,":[8],"have":[9],"revealed":[10],"prodigious":[11],"potential":[12],"in":[13,130,156,205],"many":[14],"applications,":[15],"including":[16],"electrocatalysis":[17],"and":[18,43,46,56,70,87,124,132,139,168,194,199],"photocatalysis":[19],"(energy":[20],"catalysis).":[21],"However,":[22],"most":[23],"the":[25,29,35,51,80,88,98,112,119,135,149,153,157,181,191],"existing":[26],"studies":[27],"pursue":[28],"optimization":[30],"LDH":[32,54,67,90,102,115,138],"functions":[33],"from":[34,62],"perspective":[36],"laminate":[38],"composition,":[39],"interlaminar":[40],"anionic":[41],"species":[42],"particle":[44],"size,":[45],"pay":[47],"less":[48],"attention":[49],"to":[50,75,100,107,118,176],"influence":[52],"morphology":[55,91],"structure":[57,69],"on":[58,74,152],"performance.":[59,179],"Herein,":[60],"starting":[61],"a":[63,76],"short":[64],"overview":[65],"fundamental":[68],"characteristics,":[71],"we":[72],"move":[73],"comprehensive":[77],"study":[78],"preparation":[81],"methods":[82],"conventional":[84],"hexagonal":[85],"sheets,":[86],"special":[89],"(spherical,":[92],"polyhedral,":[93],"nanowire,":[94],"ring,":[95],"etc.).":[96],"Considering":[97],"need":[99],"combine":[101],"with":[103,172],"other":[104],"functional":[105],"groups":[106],"improve":[108,177],"their":[109,162],"overall":[110],"performance,":[111],"regulation":[113],"composite":[116],"morphology\u2014according":[117],"reaction":[120],"type,":[121],"synthesis":[122],"conditions":[123],"matrix":[125],"surface":[126],"properties":[127],"is":[128],"analyzed":[129],"depth":[131],"examined.":[133],"Also,":[134],"applications":[136],"its":[140],"composites":[141],"as":[142,188,190],"electro/photocatalytic":[143],"materials":[144,204],"are":[145],"discussed.":[146],"More":[147],"precisely,":[148],"article":[150,183],"focuses":[151],"current":[154],"developments":[155],"modification":[158],"LDHs,":[160],"specifically":[161],"electronic":[163],"structure,":[164],"morphology,":[165],"interfacial":[166],"interactions":[167],"synergistic":[169],"catalytic":[170,178],"impact":[171],"noble":[173],"metal":[174],"catalysts":[175],"Finally,":[180],"review":[182],"terms":[184],"out":[185],"future":[186],"directions":[187,195],"well":[189],"main":[192],"issues":[193],"upon":[196],"rational":[197],"design":[198],"practical":[200],"implementation":[201],"LDH-based":[203],"energy":[206],"catalysis.":[207]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}