{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7225318149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23983446","title":"Cyber-Physical Systems: Definitions, Foundations and Open Challenges","display_name":"Cyber-Physical Systems: Definitions, Foundations and Open Challenges","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-11-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7225318149","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23983446"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23983446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23983446","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23983446","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23983446","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160265960","display_name":"Selbi Numanowa","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261939","display_name":"Oguz Han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7h4g27","country_code":"TM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261939"]}],"countries":["TM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Numanowa, Selbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oguz Han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oguz Han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261939"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160254619","display_name":"Yslam Orazov","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261939","display_name":"Oguz Han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7h4g27","country_code":"TM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261939"]}],"countries":["TM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Orazov, Yslam","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oguz Han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oguz Han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261939"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5160281285","display_name":"Ayjemal Ussayeva","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405261939","display_name":"Oguz Han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan","ror":"https://ror.org/00f7h4g27","country_code":"TM","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4405261939"]}],"countries":["TM"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ussayeva, Ayjemal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oguz Han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oguz Han Engineering and Technology University of Turkmenistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261939"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405261939"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.5835000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.5835000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.041099999099969864,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.028599999845027924,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-systems","display_name":"cyber-physical systems","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concurrency","display_name":"concurrency","score":0.9919999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneity","display_name":"heterogeneity","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-applications","display_name":"manufacturing applications","score":0.6439999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/design-challenges","display_name":"design challenges","score":0.671999990940094}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55587333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1133029","display_name":"Engineering ethics","level":1,"score":0.5375999808311462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.5295000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5281000137329102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.38850000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3806000053882599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3790000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.36959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.3564999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.350600004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3154999911785126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.314300000667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.29589998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778464652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309849","display_name":"Open research","level":2,"score":0.2872999906539917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.2741999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14224292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q13600188","display_name":"Conceptual framework","level":2,"score":0.26030001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.2529999911785126}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23983446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23983446","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23983446","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23983447","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23983447","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23983447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.5281/zenodo.23983446","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23983446","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.23983446","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7095848649","https://openalex.org/W2011545176","https://openalex.org/W2149713648","https://openalex.org/W2181549671","https://openalex.org/W6893024850","https://openalex.org/W3185007363","https://openalex.org/W2169239645","https://openalex.org/W2765905728","https://openalex.org/W2377970922","https://openalex.org/W2096765395"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cyber-physical":[0],"systems":[1],"(CPS)":[2],"integrate":[3],"computation,":[4],"networking":[5],"and":[6,21,36,41,43,61],"physical":[7],"processes.":[8],"This":[9,75],"review":[10],"summarises":[11],"how":[12,44],"the":[13,24,37,45,66],"field":[14],"was":[15],"framed":[16],"in":[17],"early":[18],"foundational":[19],"papers":[20],"later":[22],"surveys,":[23],"main":[25],"design":[26],"challenges":[27],"they":[28],"identify":[29],"(the":[30],"treatment":[31],"of":[32,39],"time,":[33],"concurrency,":[34],"heterogeneity,":[35],"interplay":[38],"control":[40],"computing),":[42],"concept":[46],"has":[47],"been":[48],"applied":[49],"to":[50],"manufacturing.":[51],"It":[52],"also":[53],"identifies":[54],"recurring":[55],"themes":[56],"that":[57],"cross":[58],"application":[59],"domains":[60],"points":[62],"out":[63],"topics":[64],"where":[65],"cited":[67],"sources":[68],"are":[69],"mainly":[70],"conceptual":[71],"rather":[72],"than":[73],"quantitative.":[74],"is":[76],"a":[77],"narrative":[78],"review;":[79],"it":[80],"contains":[81],"no":[82],"new":[83],"data.":[84]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2026-11-06T00:00:00"}